COMPATIBILITY STUDY AND SUPPORTING CAPACITY OF TOURISM AT PERERENAN BEACH BADUNG, BALI

<p>The challenge of Pererenan Beach Development is to determine the efficiency of resource utilization, so that it does not exceed its carrying capacity. The carrying capacity of Pererenan Beach tourism is carried out by analyzing the suitability of coastal tourism. Then calculate the capacity to measure the number of tourists that can be accommodated without damaging the ecosystem. This study aims to determine the suitability and carrying capacity of coastal tourism. The method used is quantitative and descriptive analysis method. The results showed that the carrying capacity of the area on Pererenan Beach was classified under the carrying capacity and had a very suitable relative criterion (S1) with a percentage value of 96% suitable for use as beach recreation tourism. The Covid-19 pandemic provides a lesson that the concept of carrying capacity is important to avoid mass tourism and reduce the number of tourists according to their capacity so that visitors get comfort and travel satisfaction.</p>

EDUCATIONAL DESIGN OF BEACH RECREATION AREAS IN THE SOCHI CITY

Beach recreation areas are one of the most favorable for walking and recreation of residents and guests of Sochi city. Therefore, the educational design of beach recreation areas in terms of environmental design aims to develop the image of the city of Sochi as a "resort city". The historical background of the use of natural balances of the coastal territory for mass use is considered. The beach areas of Sochi city are part of the coastal strip. The organization of natural beaches was associated with the removal of natural rocks into the sea from the mouths of rivers such as Sochi, Bytkha, Vereshchaginka, Khosta, Mzymta, and others. The creation of artificial natural beaches and the increase in their number is associated with the use of engineering structures in the Soviet period since the 1930s. The study of the formation of beaches on the Black Sea coast allowed the students of Sochi State University to competently organize methods for designing beach areas in such areas of the city as Dagomys, Central District, Khosta District. The projects were carried out by students and were focused on releasing the area of beach areas from unauthorized buildings; an arrangement of areas available for modernization by introducing new planning solutions. Reference objects in the form of buildings in the coastal zone are proposed. The forms of modernization of embankments with beach areas in student projects depend on the resolution of problematic issues for each site separately

Suitability and Carrying Capacity of Coastal Ecotourism in Clungup Mangrove Conservation (CMC), Malang District, East Java

This study aims to determine the suitability and carrying capacity of coastal areas in the Clungup Mangrove Conservation (CMC) Malang Regency, East Java for coastal tourism activities such as beach recreation, mangrove tourism, snorkeling, and fishing. This research was conducted from August to October 2020 through a survey with an observative approach to obtain primary data, while secondary data was obtained from area managers as supporting data. The carrying capacity of the area for beach tourism activities is 3,234 people/day, mangrove tourism is 6,675 people/day, diving tours are 684 people/day, and snorkeling is 59 people/day. As for fishing activities, this area can accommodate 553 people/day, Canoeing 20,025 people/day, and camping 120 people/day. The number of tourists in the CMC area is still below its carrying capacity. The management of the number of tourists that are currently controlled is considered appropriate and follows the carrying capacity of the environment. However, the potential for the area to be developed closer to its carrying capacity is still possible. Increased tourist visits will provide economic benefits for the community and business actors who support tourism around the CMC area, causing an economic multiplier effect.

Assessment of recreational potential of Sevastopol bays using bioindication methods

Aim. Study of a group of biochemical parameters of the hepatopancreas and gills of the Black Sea mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis Lam. and the functional indicator of cardiac system adaptivity of mussels from Sevastopol bays with different levels of recreational and anthropogenic impact.Methods. Mussels were collected from four Sevastopol water areas (Kruglaya Bay, Kazachya Bay, Matyushenko Bay and Cape Khrustalnii) in autumn 2018. The bioindication methods used were based on application of functional (cardiac system adaptability) and biochemical indicators (antioxidant enzymes activity [AEA], aminotransferases, the alkaline phosphatase [AP], and products of the lipid peroxidation [LPO] and protein oxidation [PO]) of mussel tissues. The hydrochemical parameters of the investigated areas were determined.Results. The anthropogenic impact on a complex of biochemical indicators of mussels at the sampling sites was shown. At the same time, low values of mussel heart rate (HR) recovery time (Trec) (less than 60 min.) in all sampling sites demonstrated the efficiency of biochemical changes in mussels and the possible use of all tested bays as recreational areas.Conclusion. Results of the present research allow the characterization of the ecological status of these Sevastopol sea water areas and to make recommendations about their rational use. Matyushenko and Kazachya Bays are most suitable for beach recreation and recreational fishery. Kazachya Bay also has favourable conditions for the development of water sports. Kruglaya Bay and Cape Khrustalnii are less ecologically safe and require a series of actions to improve water quality.

Universal value worldview: analysis of virtual tourist reviews

All realities of the surrounding human environment have an axiological potential, and it is generally believed that the ethnic worldviews are characterized by various evaluative dominants. This work substantiates the idea of the existence of universal value attitudes of the representatives of different locative worldviews. The object of this research is the evaluative field &ldquo;Recreation&rdquo;; the subject is evaluative judgments of the authors of virtual reviews about vacation on the island Hainan (China), which contain an axiological response to a particular object related to the analyzed evaluative field. The virtual tourist reviews from three locative groups (USA, Europe, Russia) served as the material for this research. The analysis was based on the field method of language description. The conducted research demonstrates that the evaluative field &ldquo;Recreation&rdquo; has a similar structure in the representations of native speakers of the three locative groups. The nuclear zone is represented by the thematic group &ldquo;Hotel accommodation&rdquo;; the near periphery is formed by the thematic groups &ldquo;Service&rdquo;, &ldquo;Food&rdquo;, &ldquo;Beach recreation&rdquo;; the far periphery includes evaluative judgments of the thematic groups &ldquo;Activities outside the hotel&rdquo;, &ldquo;Landscape&rdquo;, &ldquo;Overall impression&rdquo;, &ldquo;Fauna&rdquo;. Each group consists of several objects of evaluation, the axiological response to which is verbalized through evaluative predicates. As a result of studying the evaluation field &ldquo;Recreation&rdquo;, the author established that nationality and place of residence of a person do not impact the choice of the object of evaluation of recreation sphere; responses of the representatives of the three locations to tourist objects are very similar.

A Thermal Analysis-Based Approach to Identify Different Waste Macroplastics in Beach Litter: The Case Study of Aquatina di Frigole NATURA 2000 Site (IT9150003, Italy)

The dispersion of commercial plastics in the marine environments is a major threat to biodiversity and ecosystem services of the last decades. The lower density of the plastics with respect to marine water density determines their floating, transferring, and accumulation in sandy beaches. Sandy beaches represent a natural sink ecosystem for marine plastics, where the latter are fragmented and photo-degraded in relation to the kind of polymer. Here, we propose an accurate and cost-effective method, the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), to identify different polymers from plastic samples collected on the Aquatina di Frigole beach (Apulia Region, Southeast of Italy), included in the NATURA 2000 Site coded as IT9150003. Our results reveal the exclusive presence of thermoplastic polymers in the beach plastic samples, mostly belonging to the polyolefin family. They appear to be remnants of larger plastic fragments, which could impact biodiversity and ecosystem services such as beach recreation activities and tourism.

Recreational potential of the Silinka River basin (Khabarovsk region)

Природные рекреационные ресурсы являются основой для развития туристской деятельности в регионе. Обычно они рассматриваются по административным единицам (краям, областям, муниципалитетам). Для небольших территорий удобнее изучать их в рамках речных бассейнов, где реки и другие водотоки являются связующим звеном между различными ресурсами и видами антропогенной деятельности. На примере р. Силинка рассмотрен рекреационный потенциал такого бассейна. Описаны основные рекреационные объекты исследуемой территории, которые объединены в три группы – горнолыжного, пешеходного туризма и пляжного отдыха. Для объекта каждой группы по единой методике проведена оценка благоприятности его рекреационного использования. Транспортная доступность каждого объекта оценивалась по средним затратам времени на передвижение на транспорте с учетом его скорости. Проведена сравнительная комплексная оценка аттрактивности рекреационных объектов с учетом эстетической оценки по параметрам контрастности, мозаичности, видового разнообразия, уникальности, экзотичности и комфортности. Также учитывались ценностные качества природных объектов (уникальность, типичность, экзотичность). Намечены перспективные виды туризма для бассейна р. Силинка. The outdoor recreational resources provide a basis for development of the tourist activity in the region. Commonly, they are considered based on the administrative units (Krais, Oblasts, municipalities). For small territories, it is handier to study them within the frameworks of the river basins where the rivers and other watercourses are the connecting links between the different resources and kinds of anthropogenic activity. By the example of Sikinka River, the recreation potential of such basin is considered. The basic recreation objects of the territory under study which are combined in three groups (mountain skiing, trekking and beach recreation) are described. For the object in each group, the assessment of favorableness of its recreation use was performed under a common methodology. The transport accessibility of each object was estimated by the average time expenditure for moving in transport with the consideration of its speed. The comparative comprehensive assessment of the attractiveness of the recreation objects was carried out with consideration of the aesthetic evaluation by parameters of contrast, mosaic structure, species diversity, unique character, exoticism and comfort. The value qualities of natural objects (unique character, typicality and exoticism) were also taken into consideration. The advanced kinds of tourism were laid down for the Silinka River basin.

PONDS OF VOLGOGRAD OBLAST AND THEIR CONDITION

В статье проведен инвентаризация прудов, копаней и мини-водохранилищ, расположенных на территории Волгоградской области. В Волгоградском регионе находятся порядка 5000 искусственных водоёмов различного назначения. Не смотря на такое количество водных объектов район исследования относится к территориям с недостаточным количеством водных ресурсов, что обусловлено природной зоной сухих степей и полупустынь и резко континентальным климатом. Мониторинг большинства прудов и копаней не проводится, научно-методические работы, посвященные данной тематике, почти отсутствуют. С целью выяснения современного состояния искусственных водных объектов области были проведены полевые выезды для их визуального осмотра и мониторинга, а также исследованы морфометрические, физические и статистические данные, предоставленные администрациями районов и поселений. В климатических условиях эти водные объекты играют важное значение: орошение сельскохозяйственных угодий, обводнение прилегающих территорий, разведение рыбы, водоплавающей птицы, хранение воды для различных хозяйственно-бытовых нужд, судоходства, противопожарных и противоэрозионных целей и т. д. Многие гидротехнические сооружения, расположенные на искусственных водоёмах, находятся кризисном состоянии: плотины на некоторых разрушены или прибывают в нерабочем состоянии, а вода в них отсутствует. Состояние некоторых прудов в регионе оценивается как предкризисное и кризисное. На многих из них встречаются таблички на запрет некоторых форм мобильной и стационарной рекреации: вылова рыба, пляжной рекреации, водный туризм и др. The article contains an inventory of ponds, pits for collecting water, and mini-water storages located in Volgograd Oblast. In Volgograd Oblast, there are about 5,000 artificial reservoirs for various purposes. Despite such a number of water bodies, the study area belongs to territories with an insufficient amount of water resources, which is due to the natural zone of dry steppes and semi-deserts and a sharply continental climate. Most of the ponds and pits for collecting water are not monitored, and there are almost no scientific and methodological works devoted to this topic. In order to clarify the current state of artificial water bodies in the region, field trips were carried out for their visual inspection and monitoring, as well as morphometric, physical and statistical data provided by the administrations of districts and settlements were studied. In climatic conditions, these water bodies play an important role: irrigation of agricultural land, watering of adjacent territories, fish and waterfowl farming, storage of water for various household needs, shipping, fire-fighting and anti-erosion purposes, etc. Many hydraulic structures located on artificial reservoirs are in a state of crisis: dams on some of them are destroyed or are inoperative, and there is no water in them. The condition of some ponds in the region is assessed as pre-crisis and crisis. On many of them, there are signs prohibiting some forms of mobile and stationary recreation: fishing, beach recreation, water tourism, etc.