Antisemitism in the global populist international

This article explores the relationship between antisemitism and international politics, specifically the potent role that antisemitism plays in the development and maintenance of the global populist international. After briefly sketching the history of modern transnational antisemitism, I make two principal arguments for why antisemitism should be of more direct concern for the scholarship of International Relations. First, antisemitism serves as a powerful interpretive framework for contemporary far-right populist movements that are challenging the current international order. Second, antisemitism is shaping the formation of new international alliances. The strategic use of antisemitism in far-right populist foreign policy has changed, as evidenced in the increasing decoupling of attitudes towards Israel from antisemitism against diaspora Jews and a rise in pro-Israel policies of far-right antisemitic parties and movements. I conclude by reasserting that International Relations should understand antisemitism as one of the interpretive foundations of the global illiberal resurgence.

Trypanosomiasis And Animal Production In Nigeria

TRYPANOSOMIASIS is one of the principal factors restricting growth of the livestock industry in Nigeria and, therefore, is a direct concern of animal scientists who aspire to increase the production of animal protein in this country. The present paper reviews the value of drug treatment of disease animals, destruction of game, clearing of vegetation, and the extermination of the tse-tse flies by insecticides as methods of controlling this disease; it also discusses the contribution of integrated land use, improved standards of nutrition and management, and trypanosome-tolerant cattle to minimize, for the present, the effect of trypanosomiasis on the development of the livestock industry.

Wybrane zasady konstytucyjne w kontekście ochrony praw pracownika

Niniejszy artykuł jest omówieniem wybranych zasad konstytucyjnych, których bezpośrednie oddziaływanie można zaobserwować na gruncie prawa podatkowego, w przedmiocie ochrony strony stosunku podatkowoprawnego — podatnika. W treści pracy omówiono dwie zasady: zasadę wyłączności regulacji ustawowej w prawie podatkowym oraz zasadę pewności i stabilności prawa podatkowego. Pierwsza z nich, wyprowadzona z normy przepisu art. 217 Konstytucji Rzeczypospolitej, jest gwarancją dla jednostki, iż przepisy prawa podatkowego nie zostaną odmiennie uregulowane przez ustawodawcę w akcie rangi niższej niż ustawa, co znacząco wzmacnia pozycję podatnika oraz chroni jego prawa. Druga zasada odnosi się do pewności i stabilności prawa podatkowego. Prawidłowe stosowanie tej zasady umożliwia podatnikowi przewidywanie działań podejmowanych przez organ w stosunku do jego osoby, na podstawie zdarzeń, z którymi wiązane są skutki podatkowe. Kolejnym omówionym aspektem tejże zasady jest względna stabilność prawa, która związana jest zakazem zmiany prawa podatkowego w trakcie roku podatkowego, odpowiednim vacatio legis oraz ochroną interesów podatnika w „toku realizacji”. Selected constitutional principles in the context of protection of taxpayers rightsThis article considers selected constitutional principles in which direct concern with the protection of the taxpayer’s party from the tax perspective can be recognised. There are two principles disscussed in the paper: the principle of exlusive rights in the tax law and the principle of stability and certainty in the tax system. The first principle originates from the provision in art. 217 Constitution of the Republic of Poland, and it represents the guarantee for individuals that tax legislation will not be otherwise provided by the legislature in the regulation not the law passed by the parliament, which significantly empowers the taxpayer’s position and protects their rights. The second principle is related to the stability and certainty in the tax system. Properly applied, the principle enables the taxpayer to forsee the measures taken in their case by the authority on the basis of incidents associated with tax consequences. A further aspect of this principle disscussed in the work concerns relative stability which entails prohibition of changing the tax law during the course of the tax year, using respective/appropriate vacatio legis and with the protection of the interests of taxpayers in the process of “execution.”

Surveillance, Bureaucracy, and the Politics of Anonymity in Democratic Kampuchea

Between 1975 and 1979 upwards of two million men, women, and children died from exposure, exhaustion, disease, starvation, and murder under the Communist Party of Kampuchea (CPK). Pervasive to the widespread forms of structural and physical violence was a complex security apparatus. In this paper, my direct concern lies not in the legalities of surveillance and control but instead with the violence that emanates from the material practices of bureaucratic surveillance and the politics of anonymity. Drawing on the organizational structure and activities of the CPK I critically interrogate the dialectics of anonymity that preconfigured the Cambodian genocide. More precisely, I call attention to the dialectics of self- and state-anonymity, of the violent contradictions of men, women, and children who wanted to remain unknown yet became known and a governmental structure that drew power from its being simultaneously known but unknown. In so doing, I draw on several fields of study, including insights from the literature on surveillance and space; the scholarly study of bureaucracies; and studies on the geopolitics of anonymity. In so doing I demonstrate the salience of a political economic perspective for the study of bureaucratic state surveillance.

Taxing Top CEO Incomes

We use a firm-CEO assignment framework to model the market for CEO effective labor. In the model’s equilibrium, more talented CEOs match with and supply more effort to larger firms. Taxation of CEO incomes affects the equilibrium pricing of CEO effective labor and, hence, spills over and affects firm profits. Absent the ability to tax profits or a direct concern for firm owners, a standard prescription for high marginal income taxes emerges. However, given such an ability or concern, the optimal marginal tax rates are much lower. (JEL D31, H21, M12)

Another Step towards a Definition of ‘Implementing Measures’?

Case T-397/13, Tilly Sabco v Commission, Judgment of the General Court (Fifth Chamber) of 14 January 2016, ECLI:EU:T:2016:8Article 263 TFEU allows applicants to challenge regulatory acts which are of direct concern to them and do not entail implementing measures. In this judgment the General Court held effectively that the implementing measure cannot be hypothetical but must follow-on naturally from the underlying regulatory act. This note discusses the significance of this seemingly new element in the meaning of ‘entail implementing measures’ and its potential consequences.

Towards a Definition of ‘Implementing Measures’ under Article 263, Paragraph 4, TFEU

Case C-456/13 P, T&L Sugars Ltd and Sidul Açúcares v Commission, Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 28 April 2015, ECLI:EU:C:2015:284Article 263 TFEU allows applicants to challenge regulatory acts which are of direct concern to them and do not entail implementing measures. In this judgment the Court confirmed that the degree of discretion afforded to implementing authorities is irrelevant when determining the existence of implementing measures. This note explores some of the consequences of that finding on the structure of the system of remedies under the Treaties.

Ethical Dimensions of Third-World Approaches to International Law (twail): A Critical Review

Third-World Approaches to International Law (twail) represents an intellectual movement devoted to exposing the injustices, imbalances and contradictions inherent in international law that work against the interests of the Third World, especially Africa. As a deconstructive tool, it seeks to question the assumptions and claims of neutrality, fairness and orderliness that law is supposed to embody and thereby decentre the garb of coloniality, hegemony, eurocentricity and universality that defines and dictates the discourse and praxis of international law, especially international economic law. As a reconstructive tool, twail has the underlying commitment of developing and embedding the democratic ethos and norms that should regulate relations within and between the so-called developing and developed worlds and thus provide a new way of understanding and practising international law. TWAILism therefore represents an attempt to promote and inject an ethical dimension into international law that will ensure a fair playing field for all actors. However, placing the discourse of TWAILism within a global ethics context for analysis has not been the direct concern and focus of TWAILers. The contribution of this article, therefore, is to immerse the discourse of TWAILism into a global ethics matrix with the goal of measuring the extent to which its substantive elements, goals and ambitions match up to a well-founded standards of global ethics; and to fill in the gaps by proposing a theory. The theory of community emancipation seeks to support the need for a global distributive justice approach to addressing the inequities and injustices plaguing the international order.