Competition for FDI with vintage investment and agglomeration advantages: A revisit

We analyze the taxation regimes that may emerge in a two-period dynamic tax competition game where a country that attracts investments during the initial period has agglomeration advantages during the later period. When competing countries choose taxation regimes simultaneously, mixed taxation may arise in an equilibrium where one country adopts a non-preferential and the other adopts a preferential taxation regime. Equilibrium tax revenues of competing countries decrease with the increase in agglomeration effects. Whether a country with a non-preferential or a preferential taxation regime obtains a higher tax revenue depends critically on the extent of agglomeration effects. Moreover, whether a country with a non-preferential or a preferential regime attracts investments during the initial period and in turn will have agglomeration advantages during the later period also depends on the extent of agglomeration effects. When competing countries choose taxation regimes sequentially, a mixed taxation regime arises, and the first mover chooses a non-preferential taxation regime when the agglomeration effect is not very large. On the other hand, when the agglomeration effect is very large, a mixed taxation regime arises where the first mover chooses a preferential and the second mover chooses a non-preferential regime. We provide the complete characterization and proof of the uniqueness of the equilibrium in mixed strategies.JEL classification: F21, H21, H25, H87

Agglomeration effects and housing market dynamics

This research quantifies productivity-related agglomeration benefits arising from the concentration of employment in Australia. While agglomeration provides a policy rationale for densifying cities and concentrating employment, it also leads to higher house prices, which reduce entry and ongoing affordability, greater pollution and other wellbeing detriments such as crime, crowding and noise.

Agglomeration effects and housing market dynamics

This research quantifies productivity-related agglomeration benefits arising from the concentration of employment in Australia.

Agglomeration effects and housing market dynamics

This research quantifies productivity-related agglomeration benefits arising from the concentration of employment in Australia. While agglomeration provides a policy rationale for densifying cities and concentrating employment, it also leads to higher house prices, which reduce entry and ongoing affordability, greater pollution and other wellbeing detriments such as crime, crowding and noise.

Evaluating the Corresponding Relationship Between the Characteristics of Resource Utilization and the Level of Urbanization：A Case Study in Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle, China.

The Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle is an important center for promoting economic growth in the western region. Clarifying the driving force and restrictive factors of the urbanization development in Chengdu-Chongqing area is conducive to the further development of the region. First, this study uses piecewise linear regression to determine the characteristics of resource consumption. Then use Moran index to test the spatial agglomeration relationship. Finally, combining the characteristics of resource utilization and spatial agglomeration effects in Chengdu-Chongqing area, 143 cities are classified. The results show that: (1) The Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle as a whole presents the characteristics of high resource utilization pressure and abundant resource content. (2) In areas with obvious agglomeration effects, most cities have less pressure on natural resources, lower resource levels, less investment in environmental protection, and higher levels of urbanization. (3) The pressure on the use of natural resources and the expropriation of environmental protection measures are matched with each other in areas with significant concentration. (4) With the development of cities, the characteristics of resource utilization in various regions will tend to be unified. Researching and exploring the characteristics of resource utilization in the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle will help the government to formulate relevant policies to ensure the coordinated development of regional ecology and the city.

Design of Laminated Composite Plates with Carbon Nanotube Inclusions against Buckling: Waviness and Agglomeration Effects

In the present study, a buckling analysis of laminated composite rectangular plates reinforced with multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) inclusions is carried out using the finite element method (FEM). The rule of mixtures and the Halpin–Tsai model are employed to calculate the elastic modulus of the nanocomposite matrix. The effects of three critical factors, including random dispersion, waviness, and agglomeration of MWCNTs in the polymer matrix, on the material properties of the nanocomposite are analyzed. Then, the critical buckling loads of the composite plates are numerically determined for different design parameters, such as plate side-to-thickness ratio, elastic modulus ratio, boundary conditions, layup schemes, and fiber orientation angles. The influence of carbon nanotube fillers on the critical buckling load of a nanocomposite rectangular plate, considering the modified Halpin–Tsai micromechanical model, is demonstrated. The results are in good agreement with experimental and other theoretical data available in the open literature.

The evolution of built-up areas in Ghana since 1975

We use high resolution satellite data on the proportion of buildings in a 250x250 meter cell to study the evolution of human settlement in Ghana over a 40 year period. We find a strong increase in built-up area over time, mostly concentrated in the vicinity of roads, and also directly on the coast. We find strong evidence of agglomeration effects both in the static sense—buildup in one cell predicts buildup in a nearby cell—and in a dynamic sense—buildup in a cell predicts buildup in that cell later on and an increase in buildup in nearby cells. These effects are strongest over a 3 to 15 Km radius, which corresponds to a natural hinterland for a population without mechanized transportation. We find no evidence that human settlements are spaced more or less equally either over the landscape or along roads. This suggests that arable land is not yet fully utilized, allowing rural settlements to be separated by areas of un-farmed land. By fitting a transition matrix to the data, we predict a sharp increase in the proportion of the country that is densely built-up by the middle and the end of the century, but no increase in the proportion of partially built-up locations.