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2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 552
Author(s):  
André Luiz Maranhão Agostinho Dos Santos
Keyword(s):  

Este artigo destaca duas leituras influenciadas pelo texto Politik, do historiador Alemão Heinrich von Treitschke (1834-1896). A primeira é encontrada na publicação “L’Allemagne au-dessus de tout: la mentalité allemande et la guerre”, da autoria de Émile Durkheim (1858-1917) em 1915. Já a segunda leitura aparece no livro Paix et Guerre Entre les Nations, assinado por Raymond Aron (1905-1983) em 1962. O artigo se volta para os principais pontos de Treitschke, destacados nas abordagens de Durkheim e Aron, e tem como objetivo analisar em que medida as diferenças das visões durkheimianas e aronianas respondem satisfatoriamente à perspectiva de Treitschke. Como leitores peculiares, Durkheim e o Aron da Guerra Fria oferecem duas chaves importantes, uma vez que o poder político, suas configurações e possibilidades, também emergem como pontos de discussão bibliográfica e reflexões sobre os riscos, acertos e imposturas intelectuais, diante da diplomacia, relações internacionais e sociologia.


Perspectivas ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-52
Author(s):  
Maria Cristina Müller

O objetivo do presente texto é apresentar algumas das críticas que Origens do Totalitarismo de Hannah Arendt recebeu e as discussões que suscitaram, demonstrando as dificuldades de compreender o sistema totalitário e a novidade que a interpretação de Arendt gerou. Entre os principais críticos estão Raymond Aron, Waldemar Gurian, Kurt Blumenfeld, Eric Voegelin e Karl Jaspers. Serão apresentadas algumas das críticas para, em seguida, estabelecer a discussão a partir da argumentação contida nos textos de Arendt. Serão utilizadas como principais referências as obras de Arendt Origens do Totalitarismo e A condição humana, os textos “Compreensão e política”, “Sobre a natureza do totalitarismo: uma tentativa de compreensão”, “A tradição e a época moderna”, “O conceito de história: antigo e moderno”, “Que é autoridade” e “Uma réplica a Eric Voegelin”. Também serão utilizadas as cartas de Arendt com Karl Jaspers e Kurt Blumenfeld e alguns dos textos dos críticos. As biografias sobre Arendt de Elizabeth Young-Bruehl, Sylvie Courtine-Dénamy e Laure Adler e textos de Odílio Alves Aguiar e Daiane Eccel serão utilizadas como fontes importantes. Concluiu-se que Arendt desafiava a compreensão ao não simplesmente descrever os acontecimentos, mas ao realizar aquilo que acreditava ser a própria filosofia, um exercício de pensamento.


2021 ◽  
pp. 327-330
Author(s):  
Martin Wight

Wight suggests that Aron’s book, first published in 1962, has not won the recognition it deserves, owing in part to ‘Anglo-American intellectual insularity’ and ‘the massiveness of the book itself’. Wight praises Aron for grounding his work in history: ‘Rich in historical reference, it abounds equally in acute analysis.’ The book raises the questions of preventing and containing nuclear war. ‘Cautiously, tentatively, himself a political Clausewitz, Aron accumulates the considerations which may make it possible that a nuclear war would not expand to its fullest violence.’ Wight shares Aron’s judgement that, ‘if war should come, we can still seek to restrict violence. Aron repeatedly asserts the indeterminacy of politics. Diplomacy is the realm of the contingent and the unforeseen, and the statesman’s supreme virtue is prudence, which means acting in accordance with the concrete data of the particular situation.’


Author(s):  
Martin Wight

This book collects Martin Wight’s works on the theory and philosophy of international politics. It includes classic works, such as “Why Is There No International Theory?” and “Western Values in International Relations,” as well as previously unpublished works such as “The Communist Theory of International Relations” and “Gain, Fear and Glory: Reflections on the Nature of International Politics.” These works encompass four categories: (a) traditions of thinking about international politics since the sixteenth century, (b) the causes and functions of war, (c) international and regime legitimacy, and (d) fortune and irony in international politics. Wight identifies and analyzes three major traditions of thinking about international politics in the West since the sixteenth century: Realism, Rationalism, and Revolutionism, also known as the Machiavellian, Grotian, and Kantian approaches. Wight examines the causes of war highlighted by Thucydides and Hobbes (material interest, fear, and reputation), and considers the functions of war in international politics (such as winning and retaining national independence and upholding the balance of power). Wight reviews the history of dynastic and popular legitimacy as well as post-1945 concepts of international and domestic legitimacy. Finally, Wight considers fortune and irony, including the decision-maker’s frequent rediscovery of the recalcitrance of events. Unintended, unexpected, and ironical consequences abound in international politics. This volume also features eight book reviews by Wight, including his assessments of works by Raymond Aron, E. H. Carr, Friedrich Meinecke, and Hans Morgenthau.


2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 73-88
Author(s):  
Darko Trifunović ◽  
Milica Ćurčić

The aim of this paper is a review of the conceptualization of national interest in the theoretical assumptions of realism. A review of the literature and its analysis provides an overview of the main findings of prominent realists who shaped the national interest and created a solid foundation for future research: Hans Morgentau, Raymond Aron, and Kenneth Waltz. Consequently, the scientific goals of this paper are to summarize the scope and manner of national interest’s thematization in realist’s research and, to analyze the significance of their scientific contribution to the Science of Security. National interest remains one of the most important terms in Security Science. A prudent articulation of national interests is a key factor for the security of any state, so understanding this concept is extremely important for Security Science theorists. A realistic understanding of the national interest as a key driver, but also a determinant of the behavior of states concerning other states, is still relevant today.


2021 ◽  
pp. 383-407
Author(s):  
Daniel Mansuy
Keyword(s):  

El presente artículo busca describir el diálogo intelectual entre Raymond Aron y Max Weber, que está marcado fundamentalmente por dos etapas. La primera etapa está marcada por el descubrimiento: Aron conoce a Weber en los años ’30, y se siente muy atraído por su rigor metodológico y su modo de comprender la realidad política. Luego, a partir de los años ’50, Aron toma cierta distancia de algunas tesis centrales de Weber. En particular, no cree que el científico, en cuanto tal, pueda alcanzar algo así como la neutralidad. Sin embargo, esto no le impide reconocer en la obra de Weber un aporte macizo para las ciencias sociales, y recoger muchas de sus enseñanzas.


2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (60) ◽  
Author(s):  
Éric Weil

O texto “Violence et langage” é o resultado da participação de Éric Weil na Semaine des Intellectuels Catholiques, em fevereiro de 1967. O evento promovido pelo Centre Catholique des Intellectuels Français contou com mais de vinte conferencistas, entre os quais encontramos nomes como Gaston Fessard, Raymond Aron e Paul Ricoeur. Justamente com esse último, Weil dividiu a sessão “Violência e linguagem”, presidida por Étienne Borne


2021 ◽  
pp. 105-118
Author(s):  
Alessandro Campi
Keyword(s):  

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