Basic density and CO2 sequestration in seven species from the Commemorative Arboretum of 500 Years of Brazil in Alberto Löfgren State Park, São Paulo

Carbon sequestration involves the removal of CO2 from the atmosphere, aiming to reduce the greenhouse effect. Wood basic density is a direct part of this process. We selected five trees in each of the following species to determine wood basic density and quantify carbon, both sequestered and fixed, for 10 years: Alchornea sidifolia, Ceiba speciosa, Gallesia integrifolia, Guazuma ulmifolia, Inga marginata, Maclura tinctoria, and Prunus cerasoides. The study was conducted in the Commemorative Arboretum of 500 Years of Brazil in Alberto Löfgren State Park, São Paulo. Using maximum moisture content capture of CO, we studied variations of wood density and CO2, both fixed and sequestered, by an individual tree in the same species and between species. Values of fixed and sequestered CO2 showed variations among species with a high dependence on wood density such that trees with higher amounts of CO2, both fixed and abducted, were also trees that showed the highest increment both in height and diameter (DBH). Based on these metrics, G. ulmifolia, I. marginata, M. tinctoria, and P. cerasoides showed the most potential to sequester carbon. Our calculations showed that planting these four species would result in the sequestration of around 30 tons of carbon per hectare.

Modification of Adsorbents for High CO2 Content Capture from Stranded Natural Gas Reserve: A Critical Review

.Carbon dioxide (CO2) commonly exists as undesirable component in natural gas streams. The continuous growing of the global demand makes it necessary to overcome the high CO2content obstacle of stranded reserves. A wide variety of acid gas removal technologies have been developed, including chemical and physical absorption processes but none of them can combine the high efficiency and economic energy consumption. Each process has its own advantages and disadvantages. Using of adsorbents increasingly being selected for newer projects, especially for applications that have large flow, high CO2content and located in remote locations such as offshore where compact and highly effective technology is required. This review highlights the importance of adsorbent modification on CO2removal from natural gas reserve at high pressure and temperature using physical adsorbents such as zeolite and molecular sieve. Then, the focus is turned on the adsorbents chemical modification using organic amines to improve the adsorption efficiency towards CO2.

Multimedia Transmission over Wireless Sensor Networks

This chapter presents an overview of multimedia information transmission over Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). These WSNs have evolved since the 1980s and their evolution can be divided into three generations. Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks (WMSNs) have become viable in recent years with the availability of inexpensive video cameras, increase in procession power and memory capacity of nodes, and better power sources and their management. Multimedia information requires higher bandwidth and lower delay and delay jitter to provide the required Quality of Service (QoS) for multimedia transmission. Further research is being conducted, and can be taken even further, in the areas of advanced algorithms for content capture, compression and communication of multimedia information over WSNs.

The Missing Link to Enhanced Course Management Systems

The capabilities of the current generation of course management systems (CMS) are limited; even market-leading platforms are arguably inadequate for the needs of learners, instructors, and educational administrators. This chapter reviews the shortcomings of CMS and identifies problems associated with content capture, content re-use, search and retrieval, document management, IP management, connectivity, support for open standards, and support for learning strategies. We argue that the future lies in the adoption and adaptation of existing learning content management systems (LCMS). LCMS have evolved primarily in the corporate market and are rapidly developing into highly flexible applications that can implement a wide variety of learning and knowledge management strategies.