Influence of inbreeding and some environmental factors on calving intervals in N'Dama cattle of Southwest Nigeria

Records of 4184 N'Dama calves born between 1947 and 1984 at Fashola Stock Farm, Oyo State, Nigeria was used to compute inbreeding coefficient and determine its effects on calving intervals of cows. Only 273 of the 4184 calves (6.53%) were inbred with an average inbreeding coefficient of 9.71%, while five out of 293 sires had inbreeding coefficient of 9.25% and 43 out of 1849 dams had inbreeding coefficient of 9.95%. The inbreeding coefficient for the entire population was 0.63%, respectively 0.70% and 0.58% for male and female calves. The average calving interval was 445.34 ± 2.68 days within the herd while year of birth, parity of dam, age of dam and dam's age at first calving all significantly (P<0.05) impacted calving intervals of cows. Season of birth and inbreeding coefficient of dam did not exert statistical (P>0.05) influence on calving intervals of dams. Although the number of inbred animals in the population is relatively low, however the inbreeding level of these animals is high, which may be attributed to the fact that breeding policy on the farm was not strictly adhered to, and lack of proper and adequate registration system coupled with inconsistent animal identification system on the farm may be responsible for the inbreeding observed in the N'Dama population at Fashola Stock Farm.

Kejadian Retensio Plasenta Berdasarkan Umur Dan Paritas Di RSUD DR. H. Moch Ansari Saleh Banjarmasin Tahun 2016

Latar Belakang: Sebanyak 558.000 ibu meninggal setiap tahun akibat komplikasi kehamilan dan persalinan, 35% diantaranya adalah meninggal karena perdarahan, penyebab utama pada perdarahan persalinan adalah retensio plasenta , atonia uteri, dan sisa plasenta yang tidak segera ditangani, bahwa 15-20% kematian ibu karena retensio plasenta dan insidennya adalah 0,8-1,2% untuk setiap kelahiran.Tujuan: Menggambarkan Kejadian Retensio Plasenta Berdasarkan Umur dan Paritas di RSUD dr. H. Moch Ansari Saleh Banjarmasin Tahun 2016”Metode: Penelitian deskriptif adalah metode penelitian yang dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk membuat gambaran atau deskriptif tentang suatu keadaan secara objektif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh ibu bersalin dengan pervaginam di ruang kebidanan RSUD dr.H. Moch Ansari Saleh Banjarmasin Tahun 2016 sebanyak 4447 jumlah persalinan. Sampel pada penelitian ini 367 ibu bersalin dengan pervaginam, teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik probability sampling dengan systematic random sampling.Hasil: Dari 367 ibu bersalin sebanyak 46 orang (12%) mengalami retensio plasenta dari umur yang beresiko 20/35 tahun ada 37 (10,1%) ibu bersalin dan dari paritas beresiko 1 dan 3 ada 25 (6,8%) ibu bersalin. Simpulan : Retensio plasenta banyak terjadi pada ibu dengan paritas dan umur yang tidak beresiko.Kata kunci: Ibu Bersalin, Paritas, Retensio Plasenta, Umur. ABSTRACT Introduction : As many as 558.000 mother die every year due to complications pregnancy and 35% of them bleeding,the cause of the bleeding delivery is retensio the placenta, atonia uteri and the placental not immediately treated, that 15-20% maternal mortality is because the placenta and insiden retensio 0,8-1,2%to live births.Objective: To describe the incidence retained placenta Based on Age and Parity in hospitals dr.H.Moch AnsariSaleh Banjarmasin 2016Methods: Reasearch deskriptif is methods of research conducted with the aim to create a picture or descriptive of a situation objectively. The population in this study were all with pervaginam mothers in the obstetrics dr. H. Moch Ansari Saleh Banjarmasin 2016 as many as 4447 deliveries.367 samples in this study with vaginal birth mothers, teknik sampling using probability sampling and systematic random sampling.Results: Of the 367 maternal many as 46 people (12%) have been retensio the placenta of age at risk 20/35 years is 37 mother concaives and of parity risk 1 and 3 is 25 mother maternity.Conclusion: Parity and age at risk more than this are not at risk.Keywords: Age, Mother of birth, Parity, Retained Placenta, Mother of birth

Becoming Students

Chapter 7 focuses on secular education and opens with a case study that illustrates some of the dilemmas that arose during the initial years of educational migration, including how variables ranging from gender to birth parity to political instability affect schooling opportunities. It then addresses the questions of why and how parents are sending children away for school and explores parents’ thoughts on the benefits of secular education. The chapter then analyzes educational migration within a framework of migration network theory, extends the cumulative causation argument by demonstrating how monks play a role in finding places in schools for their younger relatives, and discusses the potential for educational migration to enhance rather than reduce socioeconomic disparities.

Evaluation of productive and reproductive performance of Black Bengal goat

The present study was conducted with a view to know the productive and reproductive parameters of Black Bengal goat in a nucleus breeding flock of Bangladesh Agricultural University, and two other regions i.e., Modhupur (Tangail) and Dimla, (Nilphamari). Data were collected on a regular basis from January 2011 to January 2012. The results showed that birth weight of kids was significantly affected by type of birth (p<0.01), parity of dam (p<0.01) and season of birth (p<0.05) in three different regions. Yearling weight was varied significantly by sex of kid (p<0.01) and season of birth (p<0.05) in three different regions. Daily milk production was significantly affected by type of birth (p<0.01), parity of dam (p<0.01) and season of birth (p<0.01). Litter size and age at first conception were significantly affected by parity of dam. Kid mortality was significantly affected by season of birth (p<0.01) in nucleus flock. The results indicated that sex of kid, type of birth, parity of dam and season of birth influenced the productive and reproductive parameters in nucleus flock, Modhupur and Dimla and the performance also varied between nucleus flock and field levels.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v43i2.20704 Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2014. 43 (2): 104-111

The allometric relationship between clean mohair growth and the fleece-free liveweight of Angora goats is affected by liveweight change

Clean fleece weight (CFWt) is affected by liveweight and change in liveweight in Merino sheep, Angora and cashmere goats. However, how these relationships progress as animals age has not been elucidated. Measurements were made over 12 shearing periods on a population of Angora goats representing the current range and diversity of genetic origins including South African, Texan and interbred admixtures of these and Australian sources. Records of breed, sire, dam, date of birth, dam age, birthweight, birth parity, weaning weight, liveweight, fleece growth and fleece quality were taken for does and castrated males (wethers) (n = 267 animals). Fleece-free liveweights (FFLwt) were determined for each goat at shearing time by subtracting the greasy fleece weight from the liveweight recorded immediately before shearing. The average of the FFLwt at the start of the period and the FFLWt at the end of the period was calculated (AvFFLwt). Liveweight change (LwtCh) was the change in FFLwt over the period between shearings. A restricted maximum likelihood model was developed for CFWt, after log10 transformation, which allowed the observations of the same animal at different ages to be correlated in an unstructured manner. A simple way of describing the results is: CFWt = κ (AvFFLwt)β, where κ is a parameter that can vary in a systematic way with shearing age, shearing treatment and LwtCh; and β is an allometric coefficient that only varies with LwtCh. CFWt was proportional to FFLwt0.67 but only when liveweight was lost at the rate of 5–10 kg during a shearing interval of 6 months. The allometric coefficient declined to 0.3 as LwtCh increased from 10 kg loss to 20 kg gain during a shearing interval. A consequence is that, within an age group of Angora goats, the largest animals will be the least efficient in converting improved nutrition to mohair.