Open Nucleus Breeding Strategy for Fogera Cattle Breed in Ethiopia: Achievements and Lessons Learnt

Fogera cattle are one of the promising indigenous milk type local breed of Ethiopia. The objective of this paper was to evaluate the performance of Fogera breed under open nucleus breeding scheme. The work was done in two purposively selected districts (Gondar Zuria and Fogera) with community-based breed productivity improvement (CBBPI) as an approach. The collected data was analysed by GLM procedure of SAS for fixed factors estimation. Genetic parameters estimate was made by ASREML software for heritability and correlation. The overall milk yield of the nucleus herd was 2.26 ± 0.794 litter. From the total herd, best 10% and 25% of them give a respective milk yield of 3.31 and 2.87 litter; and some elite cows give an average of 5.45 ± 0.73 litter with a maximum yield of eight litters per day. The overall birth and weaning weight of nucleus herd calves was 21.30 ± 0.06 and 103.66 ± 0.59kg, respectively. Heritability for birth and weaning weight was 0.24 ± 0.09 and 0.18 ± 0.05, respectively. The phenotypic and genotypic correlation with their respective standard error between birth and weaning weight was 0.0613 ± 0.0075 and 0.0712 ± 0.0343, respectively. For CBBPI program, 17 pure Fogera bulls were distributed to the two districts. The birth and weaning weight of the village calves was 23.77 ± 0.21 and 85.89 ± 1.07, respectively. Through the program, above 1000 households were benefiting through the breeding program, health, forage development and grazing land management. To share the achievements of the results in CBBPI program, popularization through filed days and innovation platforms; and documentation of each step via publications, videos and pictures was done. From the result, it can be concluded that the strategy implemented for the breed conservation “open nucleus breeding scheme” had shown progressive results and improvement was recorded. To widen the result and improve the livelihood of the farmer, scaling up of the activity should better be planned with stakeholders.

Pengembangan Sistem Pembibitan Ternak Kambing Peranakan Etawah di Kelompok Ternak Lembah Meru, Desa Wonoasri, Kabupaten Jember

Kelompok Ternak Lembah Meru merupakan salah satu kelompok yang mengusahakan pembibitan ternak kambing PE (Peranakan Etawah). Permasalahan dalam kelompok ini adalah sulitnya mendapatkan bibit unggul yang dapat menunjang keberhasilan usaha. Adapun solusi permasalahan tersebut adalah dengan mengembangkan dan menerapkan sistem pembibitan pola inti terbuka (open nucleus breeding scheme) karena sistem ini cocok diimplementasikan di peternakan rakyat. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan berupa FGD (Focus Group Discussion) dengan UPTPT-HMT Jember sebagai sumber parent stock, sosialisasi dan pelatihan sistem pembibitan kambing PE, sosialisasi dan pelatihan manajemen pencatatan dan pembibitan ternak, dan evaluasi serta pemonitoran keberhasilan program. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan perilaku (100%), pengetahuan (100%), dan keterampilan peternak dalam melakukan usaha pembibitan ternak kambing PE dengan sistem pembibitan inti terbuka (100%). Akan tetapi, penerapan teknologi pengolahan pakan dan penggunaan smartphone untuk pencatatan masih rendah (55%). Kelompok ternak berperan sebagai inti yang memelihara dan mengembangkan ternak unggul. Adapun anggota kelompok berperan sebagai plasma dan multiplier. Program ini sangat bermanfaat bagi peningkatan struktur sistem pembibitan ternak kambing PE di Kelompok Ternak Lembah Meru.

Andrological examination of Hungarian Large White and Landrace boars

The Hungarian Large White and Hungarian Landrace pig breeds have outstanding lifetime performance, production parameters and crossbreeding ability. Nevertheless, during the recent decades, these breeds could not compete with the West European hybrid pigs concerning on production results. In this study, we made a complex andrological evaluation of boars in different Hungarian nucleus breeding stocks. After taking blood and semen samples, performing gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) challenge, ultrasonic and thermographic examinations were done. Laboratory tests were accomplished in reproduction labs of NARIC ABNMS. Our goal was to determine the reproductive performances of boars and collect samples for future genetic examinations, respectively.

Diversity in morphology and pigmentation patterns of local Pabna cattle in Bangladesh

The study was aimed to reveal the morphological features of local Pabna cattle at Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI), Regional Station, Sirajganj and community levels. Data of various morphological features were collected from total 24 cattle from on-station and 8 cattle from community. It was observed that most of the morphological features were not varied between the studied cattle populations except body length, height at wither, pelvic length, tail dock circumference and mouth circumference (p <0.05). Pigmentation pattern revealed that light red was dominated for coat color in both cattle population while black color was most frequently observed in muzzle, eyelid, eyelash, horn, hoof, dew claw and tail switch. As most of the phenotypic observation and pigmentation patterns were unique between two existing Pabna cattle population, an open nucleus breeding system might be enhanced the desire dairy breed development from those cattle population regarding the uniformity of morphological features.Res. Agric. Livest. Fish.4(3): 201-208, December 2017

Model Rekording dan Pengolahan Data untuk Program Seleksi Sapi Bali

<p>Sapi Bali merupakan ternak lokal asli Indonesia sangat berpotensi untuk dikembang-biakkan dan sebagai plasma nutfah harus tetap dilestarikan agar tidak tercemar dengan “darah” bangsa sapi lain. Disinyalir performans sapi Bali cenderung menurun disebabkan aplikasi program pemuliaan yang kurang ketat, sehingga mutu genetiknya rendah. Dalam upaya memperbaiki mutu genetik, Pola Peternakan Inti Terbuka (Open Nucleus Breeding) tampaknya sesuai untuk diterapkan dalam pengembangan sapi Bali yang banyak melibatkan peternakan rakyat sebagai populasi dasar dengan dukungan kegiatan seleksi pada berbagai lapisan peternakan dan harus ditunjang dengan rekording performans produksi dan reproduksi secara tertib, benar dan akurat, serta berkesinambungan. Rekording merupakan metode untuk menunjang keberhasilan program perbaikan mutu genetik ternak yang sangat bermanfaat dalam program seleksi berdasarkan performans individu, dan dapat membantu manajemen beternak yang baik. Dari rekording dapat diketahui silsilah ternak sehingga sangat bermanfaat untuk melakukan analisis komponen ragam dan menduga nilai pemuliaan (breeding value) ternak. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengembangkan manajemen rekording bagi pola perbibitan sapi Bali dan perangkat lunak (software) sistem rekording dan pengolahan data. Luaran berupa laporan Kegiatan Model Rekording dan Pengolahan Data Untuk Program Seleksi Sapi Bali; model rekording sederhana untuk data primer di lapang dan model tabulasi data secara manual; dan perangkat lunak program rekording (sistem rekording data produksi dan reproduksi, rekapitulasi data, faktor koreksi, dan nilai pemuliaan ternak). Kesimpulan adalah perbaikan mutu genetic untuk memperbaiki performans produksi pada keturunan secara bertahap dan kontinyu perlu dilakukan sehingga perlu perencanaan dan implementasi program breeding yang tepat dan berkelanjutan. Diperlukan format recording dan pengolahan data yang sederhana dan standar sehingga mudah diaplikasikan. Program recording di lapangan yaitu recording langsung di lapangan dengan menggunakan lembar isian recording oleh peternak dan komputerisasi data pada petugas atau di pusat pembimbitan, dinas atau instansi terkait. Diperlukan pelatihan mengenai manfaat dan teknik pengisian paket recording baik di tingkat peternak maupun petugas/dinas. Penggunaan perangkat lunak (software) dalam program recording akan sangat membantu dalam pengarsipan, pengolahan dan pencarian data yang diperlukan dalam rangka mendukung program breeding.</p><p> </p><p>Kata Kunci : sapi Bali, data, model rekording, program seleksi<strong></strong></p>

Productive and reproductive performances of Brown Bengal goat (Hilly goat) at research farm level

A nucleus-breeding flock of selected Brown Bengal goat was established in the Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI), Regional Station, Naikhongchari, Bandarban, with the objective of characterization, conservation and improvement of the breed. A total of 69 does of different generations (Foundation = 07, Generation one = 32, Generation two = 23 and Generation three = 07.) and 07 bucks (All were first generation) were used to study the genetic parameters of Brown Bengal goat on productive and reproductive traits. The studied Animals were bred naturally. Goats were reared under semi-intensive management system in which goats were browsing in nature and allowed to graze in field as well as mounting in hills. All goats were housed in a plastic made floor house and allowed to graze 6-8 hours in a day and concentrate was offered twice daily during morning and evening at the rate of 1% of their body weight per day. The adult body weight of hilly goat was 20.95 kg. The phenotypic characteristics like the face, horn, ear and udder length were 15.56, 7.18, 12.19 and 12.67 cm respectively. On the other hand the hearth girth, front leg, hind leg and body length were 61.51, 46.8, 49.48 and 55.24 cm respectively. The gestation length, kidding to first heat, kidding to conception and kidding interval were 148.52 ± 1.06, 33.48 ± 2.85, 33.40 ± 1.98 and 176.86 ± 1.98 days, respectively. According to parity the GL, AFH, KC and KI were not followed trends up to 3rd parity but kid birth weight was increasing trends with increasing parity up to fifth. The birth weight of male kid (1.25 ± 0.25 kg) was higher than that of female kid (1.13± 0.27 kg). The highest birth weight (1.24±0.02 kg) was found in single birth. According to litter size the birth weight of single kid (1.24 ± 0.01 kg) stood first followed by twine (1.20 ± 0.01), triplet (1.1±0.03 kg) and quadruplet kids (0.93±0.08 kg). . The productive and reproductive performances of brown Bengal goat were not affected by parity. Birth weights of kids were significantly varied with birth type.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. September 2016, 2(3): 477-482