METHOD OF PROTECTING SPECIALLY IMPORTANT OBJECTS BASED ON THE APPLICATION OF THE BISTATIC RADIOLOCATION TECHNIQUE

The solution of the tasks assigned to the National Guard of the state implies the presence of certain forces and means with the appropriate technical equipment. A well-known place among such tasks is security of important state facilities. Various physical effects and methods, including radar, are used to create security systems. The development of radar technology and technology made it possible to increase both the quantity and quality of the received information, as well as the use of radar stations for observing living objects. The industry today produces bioradioradars for detecting people and controlling their movements. All samples are made in a single-position version and have a relatively high cost, the fact of their work is easily detected, which facilitates their suppression, including force. In order to increase the secrecy of work, it is proposed to use the methods of separated, more precisely, bistatic location to control the area in front of particularly important objects. The defining detection index is the effective reflective surface (ERS), which is about 1 m2 for a person. Equipment, weapons and protective equipment contributes to the increase in the ERS. Given the small reflective surface of biological objects, it is proposed to limit the area of responsibility to the sector form in which, at a certain bistatic angle, the effect of a significant increase in the signal/(interference+noise) ratio is manifested. For a specific definition of the gain, it is necessary to choose the operating frequency of the bistatic system and its geometry. For greater secrecy, it is advisable to use the transmitters of radio and television broadcasting, mobile communications, etc. The estimates found, for example, when using digital television transmitters (T2), indicate that the creation of a secretive bistatic system is quite possible – at least in a geometric interpretation.

The d-Radar: a bistatic system based on conformal arrays

Multifunction radars based on active phased arrays are well known and widely studied systems. The concepts of bistatic architecture, conformal array and digital beam forming (DBF) are combined in this paper to define a novel multifunction radar for point defense. The conical shape of the antenna overcomes the significant limitations in the azimuth coverage of 360° of fixed-faces phased arrays due to the beam scanning up to 45°. The usage of separate transmit/receive arrays and the DBF technique adds the operational flexibility and the possibility of multiple simultaneous functions, with an optimal time-energy resources exploitation. After a short description of its technological demonstrator, some significant design trade-off, and operating aspects of the proposed architecture, called d-Radar, are described, showing the main differences with respect to the classical, four faces, and phased-array multifunction radar architecture. It is described how the operating modes can be made more and more similar to a “staring” or “ubiquitous” radar permitting an instantaneous detection and location of short-range, low-elevation targets for sea and ground operations. Finally, some remarks about the resources management and scheduling are shown with the results from a case of study.