Role of videolaryngostroboscopy in the diagnosis of dysphonic patient with normal fiberoptic laryngoscopy

Background: Dysphonia is altered voice quality, pitch, loudness, or vocal effort that impairs people’s quality of life. It is a very common complaint affecting nearly one-third of a population at some point in their life and could be caused by infection, tumor, trauma, vocal cord paralysis, etc . Indirect mirror or endoscopic laryngoscopy is used to assess the laryngeal condition in dysphonic patients seeking mainly for the cause, but frequently the findings were normal or unremarkable . Videolaryngoscopy (VLS) is very useful in dysphonic patients who have an otherwise normal indirect or flexible laryngoscopic examination. In addition to providing information regarding vocal fold vibrations, the image obtained through VLS can be magnified to make a more detailed assessment of the vocal cord anatomy than is possible with rigid of flexible laryngoscopy. Objective of study: To assess the videolaryngostroboscopic findings in dysphonic patients with normal fiber-optic laryngoscopy. Patient & Method: A cross-sectional study, Fifty patients were included in the study; They had complained of dysphonia, and the fiber-optic laryngoscopic examination was normal. Videostroboscopy were obtained for all patients to assess vocal fold vibration and seek any abnormal findings. Results: A total of 50 patients were enrolled in this study. Regarding the stroboscopic findings, 42% of the patients were normal, 15 (30%) had early soft singer’s nodules, 6 patients (12%) had intracordal lesions, 4 patients (8%)had vocal cord polypoidal changes, 2 patients (4%) had presbylaryngis, and the other 2 patients (4%) had sulcus vocalis. Conclusion: VLS is beneficial in detecting vocal cord lesions in patients with normal fiber-optic laryngoscopy. A high proportion (more than half) of dysphonic patients with normal fiber-optic laryngoscopy had abnormal findings. Keywords: Stroboscopy, Videolaryngoscopy, Fiberoptic laryngoscopy, Dysphonia.

Variation in Heat Deflection Behaviour of Alkali Treated and Untreated Hybrid Fibre Reinforced Composites

Regular Fiber fortified composites discovers place in numerous applications as they have the benefits of being light, solid, modest and progressively ecological well disposed. This investigation planned to decide the impact of antacid treatment on normal fiber and its effect on the warmth diversion conduct of the regular and glass fiber fortified cross breed composites ,in this work two kind of half and half composite are made with glass, sisal and flax fiber ,the crossover strengthened composite covers were manufactured by hand lay-up technique. Examples are cut from the manufactured cover and their warmth diversion conduct was tried by ASTM D648 benchmarks. From the outcome it is comprehended that the basic treatment has improved the warmth avoidance withstanding limit of flax/glass half and half composite and don't have much impact on sisal/glass mixture composite.

Single Fiber Electromyography

Single fiber electromyography (SFEMG) is an advanced neurophysiological technique that is primarily used to assess the neuromuscular junction and disorders impairing adequate neuromuscular transmission. SFEMG measurements that are most useful clinically include jitter and blocking, which are quantitative and sensitive measures of neuromuscular transmission inefficiency; and abnormalities in these occur early in the course of diseases, often when standard electrodiagnostic studies are normal. Fiber density assesses the density of individual muscle fibers in each region of the muscle and is increased in a nonspecific manner in most neurogenic and myopathic disorders. SFEMG requires specialized recording equipment, which is used in the collection, display, analysis, reporting, and archiving of SFEMG data. Knowledge of technical limitations and potential pitfalls is vital in acquisition and analysis of SFEMG data. This chapter will review the concepts, methods, measurements, and technical factors related to single fiber EMG. SFEMG findings in various diseases will be reviewed.

Adjustment of Cotton Fiber Length by the Statistical Normal Distribution: Application to Binary Blends

In this study the normality of the cotton fiber length number distribution and weight distribution are tested by using the Chi-2 statistic test. Good correlations between the cotton fiber length distribution by weight and the normal distribution with the same mean and standard deviation are obtained. This test further shows that length distribution by numbers cannot be characterized by normal law. Then, the staple diagram and the fibrogram by weight are mathematically generated from a normal fiber length distribution. After that, mathematical models relating the most common length parameters to the mean length and the coefficient of variation are established by solving the staple diagram and the fibrogram equations. Finally, the length parameters of binary blends are studied and their variations in terms of the components of the blend are shown. These variations are nonlinear for most of the blend length parameters in contrast to other studies and models usually used by the spinners that suppose that the blend characteristics and particularly length parameters are linear to the components ratios.