The attachment antecedents of shame: mothers’ representations of the shamed self

This study was designed to explore the intergenerational roots of shame in the context of attachment. The sample comprised sixty-nine mothers with four- and five-year-old children (54 girls, M = 58 months) drawn from a study of parenting risk. The mothers (age range 25–48) were culturally diverse, educated, partnered, and middle to upper-middle class. Mothers completed the Adult Attachment Projective (AAP) (George & West, 2012) and children completed the Attachment Doll Play Assessment (ADPA) (Solomon et al., 1995). The dyad was also videotaped interacting with a realistic baby doll and maternal behaviour was rated using Britner et al.’s (2005) maternal scales. The authors developed a coding system to capture three shame-related variables from mothers’ narratives of parent–child conflict in response to one of the AAP stimuli (Child in Corner): 1) evidence of shame; 2) parental socialisation actions; and 3) parental efforts to regulate the child’s shame. Results showed that three-quarters of mothers referred to implicit or explicit shame, but socialisation depicting shame was unrelated to child attachment security. Most mothers described harsh socialisation practices and incomplete efforts to repair the child’s shame. Only mothers of securely attached children described socialisation actions to emotionally repair the relationship. The shame measures were partially validated with the maternal parent–child interaction observation rating variables. The utility and limitations of the new measures are discussed in terms of their potential usefulness to research, clinical assessment, and treatment.

Standardization of Growing Media for Ornamental Plant Species Grown in A Vertical Garden System in Assam

An experiment was carried out with an aim to standardize the growing media for five ornamental plant species in a vertical garden system in the Department of Horticulture, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized block design with three replications, comprising of five ornamental plant species grown in five different media compositions. The experiment was conducted to study the influence of soil, vermicompost, cocopeat and sand on the plant species in the vertical garden system. The five different media compositions under study were M1: soil + cocopeat + vermicompost + sand (3 : 0.25 : 1 : 1.5), M2: soil + cocopeat + vermicompost + sand (2.5 : 0.5 : 1.5 : 1.25), M3: soil + cocopeat + vermicompost + sand (2 : 0.75 : 2 : 1), M4: soil + cocopeat + vermicompost + sand (1.5 : 1 : 2.5 : 0.75) and M5: Soil. The ornamental species selected were: S1 : Philodendron Ceylon (Philodendron erubescens ‘Gold’ K. Koch), S2: Spider Plant (Chlorophytum comosum Variegatum (Thunb.)), S3: Fern (Nephrolepis exaltata (L.) Schott), S4: Moses-in-the-cradle (Rhoeo discolor Sw. (syn. Tradescantia spathacea)) and S5: Baby Doll Cordyline (Cordyline compacta Purple (L.)). Among the five growing media compositions used, medium M3: soil + cocopeat + vermicompost + sand (2 : 0.75 : 2 : 1) performed better in terms of all the growth parameters recorded in the five plants species in the vertical garden system.

Genetic Performance of Some Watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thumb.) Mastum and Nakai] Genotypes in Humid Tropical Agro-ecology

Six varieties of watermelon (Sugar baby, Sugar dragon, Kaolack, Crimson sweet, Koloss and baby doll) were evaluated in the field to assess the genetic parameters associated with morphological traits in the watermelon genotypes. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) in three replications. There were variations in number of branches per plant, vine length, number of days to 50% flowering, number of male flowers, number of fruits per plant and fruit weight per plant. Low response to selection and genetic variation was observed in most traits. The number of days to 50% flowering had the highest heritability estimates (97%), genetic gain of 15.84% and genetic advance of 5.33. Fruit weight per plant had high heritability estimates of 89%, moderate genetic gain of 46.20% and genetic advance of 2.31. Moderate broad sense heritability estimates ranging from 55% for number of male flowers per plant to 63% for number of fruits per plant. Mean branch number had the highest genetic gain of 49.33% but moderate heritability estimates of 58.91% signifying moderate response of selection. Koloss and Kaolack had the highest genetic performance for fruits yield than Baby doll and other varieties plant in the humid environment. Therefore, Koloss and Kaolack is recommended in the humid ecology and should be cultivated in the ecological zone.

Step-Counting Validity of Wrist-Worn Activity Monitors During Activities With Fixed Upper Extremities

Little is known about validity of wrist-worn physical activity monitors during activities when an arm-swing is not present. The purpose of this study was to compare the step-counting validity of wrist-worn activity monitors (Fitbit Charge HR Series 2, ActiGraph GT9X Link, Apple Watch Series 4) during functional physical activities with fixed upper extremities. Tasks included treadmill walking at 3 mph and five free-living tasks (walking with a baby doll on the left hip and the right hip, holding groceries, and pushing a stroller while walking and while jogging). Device step counts were compared to hand-counted steps from GoPro video footage. Fitbit Charge had less error when compared to the left ActiGraph in both stroller walking and jogging, treadmill walking, and grocery walking tasks (p < .001 to .020). For grocery walking, walking with a baby on the right, and walking with a baby on the left, device percentage errors ranged from 0 (0.5%) to −7.6 (15.8%). For stroller jogging, stroller walking, and treadmill walking, device percentage errors ranged from −8.3 (7.3%) to −94.3 (17.9%). Tasks with the hands fixed to an item that also had contact with the floor (stroller and treadmill) had more error than when participants held an item that was not in contact with the floor (doll and groceries). Though wrist-worn, consumer-grade step-counting devices typically undercount steps in general, consumers should be aware that their devices may particularly undercount steps during activities with the hands fixed. This may be especially true with items in contact with the floor.

Intelligent Dolls and robots for the treatment of elderly people with dementia

Doll and robot are effective and beneficial non-pharmacological therapies applied in different clinical settings. Doll therapy (DT), principally based in Bowlby's attachment theory, uses an empathy or lifelike baby doll to conduct caring behaviors of it. Robot therapies (RT) use care robots with a friendly attitude and appearance that create emotions and movements that lead to different verbal, motor and emotional reactions. Both DT and RT are person-centred therapies that aim to improve wellbeing of people that suffer from different neurological, psychological and mental health disorders, such as Alzheimer's Disease, autism spectrum disorder, stress or depression, by providing a realistic experience. In this paper, the characteristics of both therapies, their benefits and the possibilities of innovation in the therapeutic field are presented.

Stories of Resistance and Oppression: Baby Doll and Dame Lorraine*

This chapter deals with an important period in the history of the Carnival especially as it relates to the participation of women. During the 19th century and into the 20th two 'ole mas' female characters played important roles in the festivities.These characters, now called 'traditional', have largely disappeared from Carnival Tuesday but still play prominent roles in J'ouvay Monday and they are also remembered in the various theatricals that take place during the Carnival period.The role of gender inearlier periods of history and the development of what are now called 'traditional' characters playing the 'mas' will be explored.

The “Manic Pixie Dream Girl of the Synth-Pop World” and Her “Baby Doll Lisp”

Audible in speech and song, electro-pop singer Grimes’s so-called “baby doll” lisp generates endless buzz online, ranging from light-hearted adoration, to infantilization, to sexual fetish and even to ableist, misogynist anti-fandom. This article uses the reception of her lisp to build an intersectional theory of lisping across its medical and socio-cultural constructions, bridging work in disability studies, dysfluency studies, voice studies, and popular music studies in the process. I situate the slippage between adoring, infantilizing, fetishistic, and violent characterizations of Grimes’s lisp as reflective of the infantilization of “communicative disorders” in speech language pathology, and the dysfunction associated with feminine coded-speech patterns (e.g. vocal fry and up talk) in the popular imaginary. Lisping is profitably understood as an audible form of “liminal” difference relative to visible physical disabilities (St. Pierre), and to certain ableist, gendered, and racialized conceptions of normative vocality. Ultimately, in the English-speaking world, the lisp is symbolically-coded feminine while exceeding the norms of female vocality, thereby giving rise to a polarizing set of associations that work against female authority and, by extension in Grimes’s case, female musical authorship. Grimes’s reception thus offers a valuable case study for interrogating how misogynist fantasies regarding femininity are thought localized in the female voice, and the symbolic ties between disability and femininity.