A Comparative Experimental Study on Machining Performance of Aluminium against Advanced Diamond Coated Cutting Tool Inserts

Carbide tools with mono/multilayer coating such as TiN, TiC, TiAIN, TiB2 and Al2O3 on inserts of WC-Co generated key success for machining of ferrous materials without coolant/lubrication. So far dry machining of aluminium, manufacturing industries such as automobile and aerospace engineering are facing considerable challenges. Exploration of correct cutting tool for machining of aluminium still persists in the present day context. This paper experimentally investigated the affinity and performance of different cutting tool materials available in local tool shopping center along with the diamond coated tool insert prepared and developed in our own HFCVD reactor for machining of aluminium in dry condition. Finally it is revealed that, due to the low chemical affinity, small magnitude of cutting force, chemical inertness and remarkable anti-welding characteristics, diamond coated tool displayed improved performance as compared to other tools.

CRISPR-Local: a local single-guide RNA (sgRNA) design tool for non-reference plant genomes

Summary CRISPR-Local is a high-throughput local tool for designing single-guide RNAs (sgRNAs) in plants and other organisms that factors in genetic variation and is optimized to generate genome-wide sgRNAs. CRISPR-Local outperforms other sgRNA design tools in the following respects: (i) designing sgRNAs suitable for non-reference varieties; (ii) screening for sgRNAs that are capable of simultaneously targeting multiple genes; (iii) saving computational resources by avoiding repeated calculations from multiple submissions and (iv) running offline, with both command-line and graphical user interface modes and the ability to export multiple formats for further batch analysis or visualization. We have applied CRISPR-Local to 71 public plant genomes, using both CRISPR/Cas9 and CRISPR/cpf1 systems. Availability and implementation CRISPR-Local can be freely downloaded from http://crispr.hzau.edu.cn/CRISPR-Local/. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.

Improving Case Plans and Interventions for Adolescents on Probation: The Implementation of the SAVRY and a Structured Case Planning Form

Even when probation officers use risk assessment tools, many of their clients’ needs remain unaddressed. As such, we examined whether the implementation of the Structured Assessment of Violence Risk in Youth (SAVRY) and a structured case planning form resulted in better case plans as compared with prior practices (i.e., a nonvalidated local tool and an unstructured plan). Our sample comprised 216 adolescents on probation who were matched via propensity scores. Adolescents in the SAVRY/Structured Plan condition had significantly better case plans than those in the preimplementation condition. Specifically, following implementation, adolescents’ high need domains were more likely to be targeted in plans. Plans also scored higher on other quality indicators (e.g., level of detail). These improvements appeared to be due primarily to the structured plan rather than the SAVRY. Overall, our findings highlight that, just as structure can improve risk assessments, so too might structure improve case plans.

Kinematic Analysis of a Mobile Robot Performing Manufacturing Tasks on Non-Planar Surfaces

As mobile robotic systems advance, they become viable technologies for automating manufacturing processes in fields that traditionally have not seen much automation. Such fields include shipbuilding or windmill, tank, and pipeline construction. In many cases, these mobile robots must operate in climbing configurations and on non-planar surfaces due to the unstructured nature of these manufacturing tasks. Unit operations are commonly considered in a planar context, but in practice are performed on generally non-planar surfaces. One such example is welding a seam along a non-flat ship hull; these surfaces consist of common geometric shapes such as cylinders or spheres. This paper will present a kinematic analysis of one mobile robot topology performing specified tasks on cylindrical surfaces. The analysis will define a method to determine the robot path on a work-piece surface as well as the configuration joint parameters along when the motion is prescribed in local tool space coordinates. This method assumes that the robot operates following the no-slip, pure roll conditions. The effort is motivated by a practical application of welding on steel hulls or other surfaces and the results will be compared with these empirical experiences. A discussion of how these results can be used to guide future design of mobile robot platforms for manufacturing is provided.

Local Tool Wear Prediction Using Physics-Based Models

A semi-empirical model based on the physics behind tool wear that can depict the tool wear locally is developed to predict crater profiles of multilayer coated carbides. Dissolution and abrasion relationships are recast into a point-wise or local version to predict directly based on the temperature and pressure profiles from FE simulation. The approach is reasonable to explain the crater profiles observed in multilayer coated carbides. However, the model deviates from the real profiles due to the κ-to-α phase transformation in the middle Al2O3 layer, the change in the friction conditions as each layer is exposed, and the combined wear resistance of multi-layers of the cutting tool.