FREQUENCY AND POPULATION-GENETICS ANALYSIS OF CONGENITAL ANOMALIES DISTRIBUTION IN TUZLA CANTON NEWBORNS

Aim of this paper was to determine the frequency of congenital anomalies in a sample of newborns of Tuzla Canton and as well as their distribution according to gender, mother’s age and marital distance category. Research was undertaken using the retrospective analysis on the Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics of University Clinical Center in Tuzla. By analyzing medical documentation of 17223 newborns, we determined the frequency of congenital anomalies of 5.24%. Highest frequency of congenital anomalies was found in the newborns whose mothers are older than 35. It was found that the frequency of congenital anomalies in the observed population is within the range of variation of this parameter with data from the literature.

AUTOMOBILE WITH PNEUMATIC ENGINE

Urgency of the research. In the modern times, more often, there are alternatives to the drive, which help the environment. First of all, there are many engine alternatives, but also hybrids with low emissions. Target setting. The main goal was to design a vehicle that powered by compressed air. Then take the vehicle to competition. For one pressure cylinder, this vehicle get over a longer track and the other category reached a higher speed. Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. In the past few years were realized ten Aventics pneumobil competitions. That year was the eleventh grade of this pneumatic competition. This vehicle ran for the first ride in all categories. There are many publishers in the field of pneumatics systems. The issue of pneumatic motors is new in Slovakia, since it is one of the first pneumatic driven vehicles. Uninvestigated parts of general matters defining. This article focuses on analysis of the proposed of pneumatic driven vehicle and few parts of this vehicle. The research objective. The aim of the research was to design and assembly a compressed air-powered car that was supposed to attend in competition of pneumobil. The statement of basic materials. The analysis consists of basic information about competition, by Aventics. The definition of the vehicle is described below. Based on this knowledge, the 3D model and frame of the vehicle are further developed. MKP-FEA simulations were performed on this frame. Basic information and parts of the pneumatic engine have been provided. Conclusions. This article describes the design, simulations, parameters and basic parts of a pneumatically-powered vehicle. The design of a pneumatic driven vehicle is based on the rules by Aventics. Based on these rules, the development of this vehicle was realized. The next step was to analyse the frame that protect pilot in the event. One of the simulation was described and explained. Some of the basics were also described. The result of this student project is a vehicle that took place in the Hun-garian town of Eger. The vehicle ran in each of category. There were a total of 51 teams from all over the world. Only 34 teams completed the technical inspection. In the “long distance” category finished in 15th place.

Serum immunoglobulin concentrations in horses racing a multiday endurance event

Chronic exercise can alter immune function. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of training and racing on serum immunoglobulin fractions (sIg) in horses participating in a multiday endurance event. Blood was obtained from 54 horses the day before a multiday race event with distance categories of 40 km (n=10) or 80 km (n=44) per day; from all available horses after completing each day; and once from 15 sedentary control horses. sIgGa, IgGb, sIgG(T), sIgA, and sIgM concentrations were measured via equine-specific ELISA, and data were analysed via repeated measures ANOVA (P<0.05, mean ± standard error). Ten horses completed 40 km once, and 44, 18 and 9 horses completed one, two and three 80 km days, respectively. Distance category and number of days raced had no effect on any immunoglobulin subtype. For horses in the 80 km category, sIgA before racing (1.97±0.14 mg/dl) was similar to controls (1.48±0.19) and after one, two or three days of racing (1.98±0.13, 1.80±0.15 and 1.76±0.26, respectively). Similarly, sIgM before racing (1.02±0.05 mg/dl) was not different to controls (1.08±0.12) and after one, two or three days of racing (1.03±0.06, 0.91±0.08 and 0.89±0.11). Similar findings were observed for sIgG(T) and sIgGa. For horses in the 40 km category, immunoglobulin subtype concentrations did not differ from before to after one day of racing, or from control horses, with the exception that sIgGb before racing (7.00±0.57), similarly to horses racing 80 km days (7.65±0.41), was significantly higher than in sedentary horses (5.71±0.54 mg/dl). This study identified higher sIgGb concentrations in trained endurance horses compared to sedentary horses, perhaps reflecting immune stimulation from disease exposure or more frequent vaccination.

Classification Algorithm Based on Categorical Data Analysis

Through compares three methods of Standard Deviation mathematical expectation and variance, a classification algorithm based on the Standard Deviation which in the training set is proposed in this paper. The algorithm first mapped the discrete attribute values to the corresponding values, and calculates Standard Deviation, mathematical expectation and Variance of each attribute in each category. The Standard Deviation, mathematical expectation and Variance of each attribute in each category used as coordinates. When there are new datas need to determine the category, we just need to use the attributes of the new data as coordinates, and calculate its distance to each category, and then the data type is the shortest distance category. Comparison of three methods, the Standard Deviation is the most stable and most accurate. This algorithm has advantages in dealing with the noisy date.

Comparison of Distance Estimates for Commodity Flow Survey: Great Circle Distances Versus Network-Based Distances

A study was conducted to compare distance estimates derived from great circle distances (GCD) with distance estimates derived from a network-based model. The study used a sample of shipments from the 1993 commodity flow survey (CFS). For each shipment in the sample, the distance from the zip code of origin to the zip code of destination was calculated by using the Oak Ridge National Laboratories National Highway Network and assuming that the minimum impedance path was utilized. For each of these origin–destination pairs, the GCD and several variations of the GCD also were estimated. Finally, the network-based estimates and the GCD-based estimates were statistically compared. As expected, distance estimates based on GCD were found to be different from network-based estimates. However, applying a constant circuity factor of 1.22 or using variable circuity factors based on distance category did not result in a statistical bias in these distance estimates. Examination of distance estimates at the level of origin–destination pair revealed that distance estimates could vary as much as 75%. A comparison of published values for the 1997 CFS with values derived from GCD-based distance estimates shows that approximately 5% to 35% of the GCD-based values for the 1997 CFS would fall outside a two standard error interval. Although GCD-based estimates, under some conditions, may produce unbiased estimates of the mean distance, this does not eliminate the need for network-based estimates.