Analisis Dana Kampanye Calon Terpilih Anggota Dewan Perwakilan Daerah (DPD) pada Pemilu Serentak 2019

This article wants to answer about how the amount and nominal budget of elected DPD candidates can be utilized for the effort to win seats for each elected candidate. This study takes a sample of all members of the DPD elected from the existing participation of 34 provinces in Indonesia. The type of data taken in the form of secondary data downloaded from the official KPU website consists of a Report on the Revenue and Expenditure of Campaign Funds. Based on the results of this study, there are two interesting things related to the funding of the DPD in the 2019 Concurrent Elections ago. First, there is no strong relationship when the campaign budget is large. The pair of elected DPD candidates can win seats at a relatively small campaign cost. Second, the amount and amount of campaign costs incurred by prospective DPD members varies. The campaign expenses spent by Adilla Azis from East Java amounted to IDR 75,000. Meanwhile, Jimly As-Shiddiqie from DKI Jakarta spent the largest cost of IDR 1,908,605,402. The average selected candidate issues an average price range of IDR 400 million with an average cost/vote of IDR 3,500.

Decreasing measles burden by optimizing campaign timing

Measles remains a major contributor to preventable child mortality, and bridging gaps in measles immunity is a fundamental challenge to global health. In high-burden settings, mass vaccination campaigns are conducted to increase access to vaccine and address this issue. Ensuring that campaigns are optimally effective is a crucial step toward measles elimination; however, the relationship between campaign impact and disease dynamics is poorly understood. Here, we study measles in Pakistan, and we demonstrate that campaign timing can be tuned to optimally interact with local transmission seasonality and recent incidence history. We develop a mechanistic modeling approach to optimize timing in general high-burden settings, and we find that in Pakistan, hundreds of thousands of infections can be averted with no change in campaign cost.

A 20-Year History of NSF-Supported Atmospheric Science Field Campaigns: Statistics and Demographics

Over the past two decades, the National Science Foundation’s Division of Atmospheric and Geospace Sciences (AGS) has funded nearly 200 atmospheric science–related field campaigns that have included deployment of AGS-sponsored observing facilities. These projects have spanned the range from modest, single-investigator experiments to massive, multi-investigator, multiagency campaigns. They have occurred both domestically and abroad, on every continent and over most oceans. In this article, we present an analysis of some of the details about these campaigns, including such elements as deployment location and cost of the campaign, and of statistics related to the principal investigators (e.g., type and location of institution, gender, years since degree). In addition, we assess trends in field campaign cost. These results provide a retrospective view of atmospheric science field work that has been supported since 1992.

Campaign Cost and Electoral Accountability

The increasing cost of political campaigns and its impact on the electoral process are issues of paramount importance in modern democracies. We propose a theory of electoral accountability in which candidates choose whether or not to commit to constituency service and whether or not to pay a campaign cost to advertise their platform. A higher campaign cost decreases voter welfare when partisan imbalance is low. However, when partisan imbalance is high, a higher campaign cost is associated with a higher expected level of constituency service. More costly campaigns can thus have a rebalancing effect that improves electoral accountability. We discuss the implications of our findings for campaign finance regulation and present empirical evidence consistent with our key predictions.

Effectiveness of dog rabies vaccination programmes: comparison of owner-charged and free vaccination campaigns

SUMMARYWe investigated the percentage of dogs that could be vaccinated against rabies by conducting a pilot campaign in N'Djaména, Chad. Owners were charged US$4.13 per dog vaccinated, and 24% of all dogs in the three city districts covered by the campaign were vaccinated. Total campaign costs were US$7623, resulting in an average of US$19.40 per vaccinated dog. This is five times more expensive than the cost per animal vaccinated during a previous free vaccination campaign for dog-owners, conducted in the same districts. The free campaign, which vaccinated 2605 more dogs than this campaign, cost an additional US$1.45 per extra dog vaccinated. Campaigns in which owners are charged for vaccinations result in lower vaccination rates than in free campaigns. Public health officials can use these results when evaluating the costs and benefits of subsidizing dog rabies vaccination programmes.