Integration of Foreigners in Egypt

The relief of Amenhotep ii shooting arrows at a copper ingot target has often been considered as propaganda of the king’s extraordinary strength and vigour. However, this work proposes that the scene took on additional layers of significance and had different ritual functions such as regenerating the health of the king, and ensuring the eternal victory of Egypt over foreign enemies and the victory of order over chaos. Amenhotep ii was shooting arrows at an “Asiatic” ox-hide ingot because the ingot would symbolize the northern enemies of Egypt. The scene belonged to a group of representations carved during the New Kingdom on temples that showed the general image of the king defeating enemies. Moreover, it was linked to scenes painted in private tombs where goods were brought to the deceased, and to offering scenes carved on the walls of Theban temples. The full sequence of scenes would describe, and ritually promote, the process of integration of the foreign element into the Egyptian sphere.

The Pop-Up Museum of Legal Objects project: an experiment in ‘socio-legal design’

This article explores the strategies underlying the Pop-Up Museum of Legal Objects, a project based on two collaborative events in which design-based practices were deployed to further socio-legal research. Like other endeavours focusing on legal objects, the Pop-Up project produced a collection of object-based commentaries of diverse geographical, historical and material origins – from Australia to Canada to Egypt, 1200 BCE to the present day, bark to gold to plastic. What renders the Pop-Up project distinctive among interventions in the ever-deepening legal object landscape is, first, that it aims not only to generate new knowledge about objects and about law, but also to transform research behaviours; and, second, that it pursues those aims by adopting design-based practices and experimental attitude. The paper sets out the specific roles played by model-making in each event and the experience design underpinning the project as a whole. Participant feedback collected during and after the events is used to widen the perspective throughout. The article concludes with an indication of how such model-making might extend beyond the museum into fieldwork, using an example from the author’s own practice around an ox-hide copper ingot from Cyprus.

Effects of La Microalloying on Microstructure Evolution of Pure Copper

The absorptivity of La in pure copper and the effects of La microalloying on microstructure evolution of pure copper were studied by adding different La contents to pure copper under vacuum condition. The microstructure of copper ingots with different La contents were synthetically analyzed by means of optical microscope (OM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the content of La in ingots was tested using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). The results showws that the absorptivity of La in pure copper was more than 90% under vacuum condition and the burning rate was mainly determinated by autoxidation of La and the reaction with impurity elements in copper. The microstructure of copper ingot was refined with La addition. The columnar to equiaxed transition (CET) occured with 0.14% La addition and the microstructure of copper ingot was full equiaxed grains when La content was 0.16%. The CET mechanism was that the constitutional supercooling in copper melt was increased with La addition. The tensile strength of copper alloys could be improved slightly, while the elongation was decreased a little after La alloying.

Effects of the Processing on Mechanical Properties of High-Strength Structural Steel HG785D

The steel ingots of high-strength structural steel HG785D were produced by using a special water-cooled copper ingot mold. It analyzed the reason of the slab to achieve rapid solidification and shrinkage reducing with the simulation by using AnyCasting software. The difference properties between 100mm and 240mm steel plate with the same components were studied. The results show that properties are better with the increasing of the compression ratio, the times of TMCP and the reduction. The properties of 240mm steel plate with different composition were studied under the same heat treatment condition. Niobium, vanadium and titanium are in favor of the mechanical properties, but have little effect on the plasticity of structural steel. It should increase the harden ability of the alloy elements to improve mechanical properties of the steel HG785D.

The Hydraulic System Improvement of Copper Ingot Hot Rolling Equipment Based on Energy-Saving

In the design of hydraulic system, it is not only satisfied the transmission and control, but also needed to consider how to use the system power efficient and reliable. For a workshop of hot-rolled copper ingot production line hydraulic system, through the analysis of energy loss of hydraulic system, improved the hydraulic system of equipment for the purpose of energy-saving, and solved the problem in the process of transformation, achieved the purpose of energy-saving. These can provide reference for the energy-saving design and improvement of hydraulic system.