space description
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Author(s):  
D. Movchan

This paper highlights the current state of interpreting the concept of space in literary text as a trend in present-day philological studies. This concept reflects the internal structural and compositional features of literary text and its fragments, further determining its genre features and the author’s individual style characteristics. The paper systematizes the theoretical foundations for the study of literary space, while clarifying the phenomenon of urban space, viewed from semantic and structural perspectives. It focuses on the combination and integration of various semiotic codes and modes of perception against the background of the artistic imitation of other arts, including architecture. The effect of portraying the majesty and congestion of the urban life, its noisy and vibrant nature is achieved due to combining a variety of techniques, which provides a three-dimensional description of the cityscape. The research reveals the mechanisms of verbal holography in the system of urban space representational modes in Virginia Woolf ‘s "Mrs Dalloway",  reached through implicit and explicit multimodality along with manifestations of intermediality. Describing the life of London with Big Ben and the Palace of Westminster as its symbols,  Virginia Woolf skillfully combines their audible and visual facets not only as of artifacts, but also as part of nature, emphasizing its impact on the atmosphere of the city. The research proves that   verbal manifestations of multimodality, detected in the course of analysis, reinforce each other, clearly demonstrating the liveliness and fullness of urban London. The paper concludes with outlining vectors of  further research  addressing holographic effects in spatial descriptions of cities and towns, while systematizing verbal means used to represent urban space in English literary prose of modernism, as well as defining their functions in literary works  by British and American modernist writers.


Author(s):  
Fei Zhao ◽  
Ignacio Grossmann ◽  
Salvador García Muñoz ◽  
Stephen Stamatis

In this paper, we propose a novel solution strategy to explicitly describe the design space in which no recourse is considered for the realization of the parameters. First, to smooth the boundary of the design space, the Kreisselmeier-Steinhauser (KS) function is applied to aggregate all inequality constraints, and project them into the design space. Next, for creating a surrogate polynomial model of the KS function, we focus on finding the sampling points on the boundary of KS space. After testing the feasibility of Latin hypercube sampling points, two methods are presented to efficiently extend the set of boundary points. Finally, a symbolic computation method, cylindrical algebraic decomposition, is applied to transform the surrogate model into a series of explicit and triangular subsystems that can be further converted to describe the KS space. Two case studies are considered to show the efficiency of the proposed algorithm.


2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 2999-3012
Author(s):  
K. Atchonouglo ◽  
G. de Saxcé ◽  
M. Ban

In this paper, we constructed relationships with the differents 2D elasticity tensor invariants. Indeed, let ${\bf A}$ be a 2D elasticity tensor. Rotation group action leads to a pair of Lax in linear elasticity. This pair of Lax leads to five independent invariants chosen among six. The definite positive criteria are established with the determined invariants. We believe that this approach finds interesting applications, as in the one of elastic material classification or approaches in orbit space description.


2021 ◽  
Vol 81 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Recai Erdem ◽  
Kemal Gültekin

AbstractWe introduce a method where particle physics processes in cosmology may be calculated by the usual perturbative flat space quantum field theory through an effective Minkowski space description at small time intervals provided that the running of the effective particle masses are sufficiently slow. We discuss the necessary conditions for the applicability of this method and illustrate the method through a simple example. This method has the advantage of avoiding the effects of gravitational particle creation in the calculation of rates and cross sections i.e. giving directly the rates and the cross sections due to the scatterings or the decay processes.


Author(s):  
Julia Lieb ◽  
Joachim Rosenthal

AbstractIt is well known that there is a correspondence between convolutional codes and discrete-time linear systems over finite fields. In this paper, we employ the linear systems representation of a convolutional code to develop a decoding algorithm for convolutional codes over the erasure channel. In this kind of channel, which is important due to its use for data transmission over the Internet, the receiver knows if a received symbol is correct. We study the decoding problem using the state space description of a convolutional code, and this provides in a natural way additional information. With respect to previously known decoding algorithms, our new algorithm has the advantage that it is able to reduce the decoding delay as well as the computational effort in the erasure recovery process. We describe which properties a convolutional code should have in order to obtain a good decoding performance and illustrate it with an example.


Universe ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Angel Garcia-Chung ◽  
Daniel Gutiérrez-Ruiz ◽  
J. David Vergara

Dirac’s formalism for constrained systems is applied to the analysis of time-dependent Hamiltonians in the extended phase space. We show that the Lewis invariant is a reparametrization invariant, and we calculate the Feynman propagator using the extended phase space description. We show that the Feynman propagator’s quantum phase is given by the boundary term of the canonical transformation of the extended phase space. We propose a new canonical transformation within the extended phase space that leads to a Lewis invariant generalization, and we sketch some possible applications.


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