Evaluating the Psychometric Properties of a Scale to Measure Perceived External and Internal Faces of Controlling Teaching among Students in Physical Education

There are no validated instruments to date that have examined the students’ perceptions of externally and internally controlling teaching practices in physical education (PE). Grounded in self-determination theory, the objective of this research was to provide validity and reliability evidence of the Controlling Teaching Scale for Physical Education (CTS-PE) to assess the external and internal faces of controlling teaching in PE through two sequential studies. In Study 1 (n = 241 students), an exploratory factor analysis revealed an eight-item two-factor solution (four items per factor). In Study 2 (n = 968 students), a confirmatory factor analysis supported the eight-item two-factor correlated model (i.e., externally and internally controlling teaching) that was invariant across gender. Reliability coefficients indicated an acceptable level of reliability for the two factors of the CTS-PE. A structural equation modelling showed that externally and internally controlling teaching behaviours positively predicted need frustration, and negatively need satisfaction. The current study gathered evidence to consider the CTS-PE as a valid and reliable instrument to assess students’ perceptions of PE teachers’ externally and internally controlling teaching behaviours. The CTS-PE provides PE teachers with deeper insights into the negative psychological experiences associated with externally and internally controlling teaching behaviours in PE.

Sequential studies on soil physical properties by application of hydrogel in groundnut (ArachishypogaeaL.) under Central dry zone of Karnataka.

A field study was conducted at Zonal Agricultural and Horticultural Research Station (ZAHRS), Babbur farm, Hiriyur to study “Effect of hydrogel on soil properties in groundnut (ArachishypogaeaL.) in Central dry zone of Karnataka” with an objective to study the effect of hydrogel on soil physical properties. The results revealed that the treatment with an application of RDF + hydrogel @ 4 kg ha-1and FYM @ 10 t ha-1recorded the higher soil porosity (48.64 %), MWHC (25.27 %), higher field capacity of the soil (15.56 %), lowest PWP (2.13 %) and higher available water content (13.43 %). The treatment with RDF + 3.0 kg hydrogel ha-1 + 10 tons FYM ha -1 and RDF + 2.0 kg hydrogel ha -1 + 10 tons FYM ha -1 were found on par with the above said treatment. Thus, the moisture stress, which is limiting the yield in groundnut production, could be overcome by the combined application of RDF, FYM @ 10 t ha-1and hydrogel @ 4.0 kg ha-1.

The “right” wine taster

PurposeThe theory of emergent nature argues that the “right” people have a unique ability to imagine and envision how products might be developed so that they can be successful in the marketplace. The purpose of this paper is to apply this theory to the wine market to evaluate the ability of wine tasters with the “right” profile (i.e. high in emergent nature) to identify benefits applicable to the development of a new wine.Design/methodology/approachTwo sequential studies were performed to collect data: a qualitative study of a sample of 44 professional wine tasters to identify the “right” profile and a quantitative study, with a sample of 1,126 consumers, to assess the value of the benefits proposed by the wine tasters in terms of purchase intention. The validation of the measurement model was carried out using the variance-based partial least squares (PLS) technique.FindingsTwo types of wine tasters were identified, normal and “right”. The “right” wine tasters were more and better able to develop arguments for the innovation and market orientation of the wine.Practical implicationsIn the context of the wine market, identifying expert wine tasters with the “right” profile is a strategic option to improve innovation and market orientation in the development of commercially viable wines.Originality/valueThis pioneering research validates, in the wine market, a proven methodology used in other markets, which makes it possible to identify expert wine tasters high in emergent nature. These “right” expert tasters identify benefits that can have a decisive effect on purchase intention.

Novel Adhesion Technique Using Metallic or Non-Metallic Hydrous Oxide of Metal Complexes Involving Magnetic Compound Fluid Rubber under Electrolytic Polymerization and Magnetic Field for Producing Sensors

As per sequential studies on new types of soft rubber for the artificial skin of robots, smart sensors, etc., we have proposed and investigated hybrid skin (H-Skin) and haptic sensors by using magnetic compound fluid (MCF), compounding natural rubber latex (NR-latex), and applying electric and magnetic fields. Through electrolytic polymerization, the MCF rubber is solidified. The MCF rubber has hybrid sensing functions and photovoltaic effects, and electric charge as battery. In case of the production of soft rubber sensors, however, the problem of adhesion between metal electrodes and rubber is very important. In the present study, we propose a novel adhesive technique for bonding the metal electrodes and MCF rubber by using metallic or non-metallic hydrous oxide, which is a metal complex, via electrolytic polymerization. The anionic radical hydrate reacts with the isoprene molecules of NR-latex or chloroprene rubber latex (CR-latex) such that they are cross-linked and the MCF rubber with the hydrate is solidified, which can be represented via a chemical reaction equation. By means of this adhesive technique, we presented five cases of sensors fabricated using metal electrodes and rubbers. This technique is applicable for novel cohesion between rubber and metal.

Testosterone Therapy, Thrombophilia, Venous Thromboembolism, and Thrombotic Events

In our sequential studies of 67 and 21 patients, testosterone therapy (TT) interacted with thrombophilia–hypofibrinolysis, leading to venous thromboembolism (VTE). Compared to 111 VTE controls not taking TT (VTE-no TT), the 67 and 21 cases were more likely (p < 0.05 for all) to have Factor V Leiden (FVL) heterogeneity (24% and 33% vs. 12%), the lupus anticoagulant (14% and 33% vs. 4%), and high lipoprotein(a) (33% vs. 13%, n = 21). After a first VTE and continuing TT, 11 thrombophilic cases had a second VTE despite adequate anticoagulation, 6 of whom, still anticoagulated, had a third VTE. The greatest density of thrombotic events was at three months after starting TT, with a rapid decline by 10 months. From <1 to 8 months after starting TT, 65% of VTE occurred, which may reflect TT-induced depletion of susceptible thrombophilic patients, leaving a winnowed residual group with fewer VTE events despite the continuation of TT. Before starting TT, we suggest screening for FVL, lipoprotein(a), and the lupus anticoagulant to identify patients at increased VTE risk, with an adverse risk-to-benefit ratio for TT. We suggest that TT should not be started in patients with known thrombophilia–hypofibrinolysis, and should not be continued after a first VTE. When TT is given to patients with thrombophilia–hypofibrinolysis, VTE may occur and then recur despite adequate anticoagulation.

Expanding the Concept of Lead Users as Collaborators in Functional Apparel Design

When designing performance apparel, product developers often engage with users to ensure product appropriateness. The key problem is knowing which users have the potential to make valuable contributions in the apparel product development process. In this study, the authors explore lead users (LUs) as a subset of end users who have potential to develop innovative and commercially attractive products in other markets. In three sequential studies, the researchers explored LUs by first developing a measure to identify LUs. In the second study, product concepts developed by LUs in a collaborative design scenario were evaluated; and in the third study, prototypes of user-generated ideas were assessed in wear trials. This research was grounded in a functional design question of how to maintain thermal comfort during physical activity in cold weather. In the results of the studies, there was evidence that users who exhibit high LU and intrinsic motivation traits develop apparel designs that are highly evaluated by users.

Whose fault is it?

Purpose This research paper aims to provide an understanding of how customers evaluate other customers’ misbehavior, considering the attribution of responsibility and how service employees should react in the respective situation. Design/methodology/approach Two sequential studies using written scenarios are conducted, including manipulations for responsibility (deviant customer vs employee) and employee effort (high vs medium). Findings The results show that observing customers perceive misbehavior caused by the deviant customer as more severe and feel more intense negative emotions than when an employee is attributed as being responsible. Employee responsibility, however, elicits higher recovery expectations, which in turn decide the level of employee effort required to ensure observing customers’ satisfaction. Research limitations/implications Due to the exploratory research objective and the use of a restricted sample and written scenarios, the studies may be subject to restrictions. Further studies will ensure generalizability. Practical implications Because different customer expectations arise from the respective responsibility for customer misbehavior, service employees should be encouraged to differentiate their efforts when approaching misbehavior. In case of their own responsibility, employees need to exert higher efforts to restore a functional service encounter, whereas in cases of customer responsibility, medium efforts are sufficient to stop the misbehaving customer. Originality/value This research contributes to understanding of cognitive and emotional responses to customer misbehavior considering the attribution of responsibility and indicates how service employees may handle these situations.

BTKC481S-Mediated Resistance to Ibrutinib in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

Purpose Therapeutic targeting of Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) with ibrutinib in chronic lymphocytic leukemia has led to a paradigm shift in therapy, and relapse has been uncommon with current follow-up. Acquired mutations in BTK and PLCG2 can cause relapse, but data regarding the prevalence and natural history of these mutations are limited. Patients and Methods Patients accrued to four sequential studies of ibrutinib were included in these analyses. Deep sequencing for BTK and PLCG2 was performed retrospectively on patients who experienced relapse and prospectively on a screening population. Results With a median follow-up time of 3.4 years, the estimated cumulative incidence of progression at 4 years is 19% (95% CI, 14% to 24%). Baseline karyotypic complexity, presence of del(17)(p13.1), and age less than 65 years were risk factors for progression. Among patients who experienced relapse, acquired mutations of BTK or PLCG2 were found in 85% (95% CI, 71% to 94%), and these mutations were detected an estimated median of 9.3 months (95% CI, 7.6 to 11.7 months) before relapse. Of a group of 112 patients examined prospectively, eight patients have experienced relapse, and all of these patients had acquired resistance mutations before relapse. A resistance mutation was detected in an additional eight patients who have not yet met criteria for clinical relapse. Conclusion Relapse of chronic lymphocytic leukemia after ibrutinib is an issue of increasing clinical significance. We show that mutations in BTK and PLCG2 appear early and have the potential to be used as a biomarker for future relapse, suggesting an opportunity for intervention.