REHABILITATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF HERITAGE VILLAGES IN THE PROVINCE OF ALMANDAQ - BAHA AREA: (ALMASHAYA'A VILLAGE AS A CASE STUDY)

Saudi Arabia has a rich architectural heritage reflecting its historical memory dating back centuries. The variety of villages throughout the kingdom are a unique sphere for social, economic and architectural interactions. Despite the attention given to the architectural heritage by the General Commission for Tourism and National Heritage, as a national interest, there are heritage villages still suffering from multiple problems such as desertion, deterioration as a result of natural and human factors which effect massively the economic, social and architectural aspects. This study utilizes descriptive and analytical methodology to investigate the restoration and revitalization of the residential buildings in the Almashaya'a village and presents a plan for rehabilitation to preserve the buildings in an attractive and sustainable environment for activities, events and handicrafts that reveals its heritage and architectural value.

The Duties and Tasks of the Desert Patrol in the Northeastern Badia Posts in 1933-1938 AD. (The diary of a Jordanian soldier as a Source)

This study deals with the duties and tasks assigned to the Badia forces in the posts located in the northeastern Jordan Badia region, during the years 1933- 1934 AD and 1937-1938 AD, based on an unpublished primary source, a notebook (Diary), written by hand, and belonging to one of the Desert Patrol soldiers. Using the diary, the study showed the set of tasks that the desert forces performed during that period, including: monitoring the northeastern borders of the Emirate of Transjordan, arresting infiltrators and smugglers, guarding the IPC pipeline, settling disputes between clans, among other tasks. The study followed the analytical historical approach based on extracting information and data from this primary source, analyzing and classifying them, with regard to the subject of the study, in addition to relying on other sources and references.

THE PILGRIMAGE OF WEALTHY PIOUS CHRISTIAN WOMEN FROM ROME TO THE HOLY LAND IN THE FOURTH TO SIXTH CENTURIES AD

This study examines the pilgrimage of Christian women ascetics in the early Christian period from the fourth to sixth centuries AD, focusing on wealthy Roman women who were influenced by the Church Fathers, such as Jerome and left their world, freedom, family and social class. They sold their properties in order to come to the Holy Land (the Land of the Bible) to visit the holy places and the desert hermits and to build monasteries, hospitals, hospices, orphanages and accomodations for old people through the Holy Land. The pilgrimage of women ascetics was a characteristic feature of the period. In spite of the difficult journey, these ascetic women came to fulfill their religious and spiritual needs. These women have been remembered throughout the ages for their faith, piety, tenderness, purity and devotion and have served as role models for women after them. This study examines the concept of pilgrimage in Christianity and the pilgrimage of the women ascetics and their religious and social accomplishments in the Holy Land.

ADMINISTRATIVE, CULTURAL, URBAN AND ECONOMIC CONDITIONS IN JERUSALEM IN THE EARLY ABBASID PERIOD (132-247 AH/749-861 AD)

This article sheds light on the history of the city of Jerusalem during the early Abbasid period (132-247 AH/749-861 AD), after the city had reached the most advanced stages of architectural and cultural development in the Umayyad period, based on it being a religious and political center competing with the Two Holy Mosques in the Hijaz. After the fall of the Umayyad Caliphate, the political role of the city of Jerusalem lessened, once the center of the caliphate moved to Baghdad, despite the continued care of the Abbasid caliphs for the city, especially regarding restorations of the holy sites, after the natural disasters that afflicted the city. The study also sheds light on the cultural and economic role of the city during the period.

A SORT OF SEPULCHRAL CONSTRUCTION IN WADI UMM ṬULAYḤA, SOUTHEASTERN BADIA, JORDAN?

This paper presents a linguistic and etymological analysis of three North Arabian inscriptions carved on a relatively small stone. The stone was found east of al-Jafr in southern Jordan, near the Jordanian-Saudi border. The content of the three inscriptions in terms of writing style, topic, and vocabulary is similar to other North Arabian inscriptions. Nevertheless, the three inscriptions include new words that have not been attested before in other inscriptions of the same type. Some rock drawings were also found in the same rujm.