The problem of pedophilia treatment in Poland

Z danych Komendy Głównej Policji wynika, że do przestępstw seksualnych wobec dzieci i dorosłych (ogółem) najczęściej dochodzi w domach i mieszkaniach. Dotyczy to 44 proc. gwałtów i 36 proc. innych przestępstw seksualnych. Ponad 1/4 wszystkich przestępstw przeciwko obyczajności odbywa się przy wykorzystaniu Internetu. Z doświadczeń policji wynika, że bardzo często sprawca jest znany ofierze.

The role of the family court in Poland in preventing manifestations of demoralization and juvenile delinquency on the example of preventive and re-socialization activities of probation officers

The article in a holistic manner discusses the family court’s role in preventing the phenomenon of demoralization and crime in minors and presents the current space of cooperation of court probation officers with the family court through the prism of multi-context and multidisciplinary preventive and re-socialization activity. The article discusses educational and therapeutic measures as well as corrective measures taken by the court towards the minor and other possibilities of practical impact on his environment. The paper also includes an analysis of the scope of family probation in proceedings concerning young offenders. The proposed concept of interventions at the pre-judicial and judicial levels underlies the Council of Europe recommendations covering the principles of environmental involvement and continuity of care. The activity of the family court and the probation officer constitutes an important educational and re-socialization, preventive as well as repressive and control mechanism in the structures of justice in Poland.

The use of precautionary measures in Poland as a form of protection of society against certain perpetrators. The role of a probation officer in their enforcement

In 2015, a major reform carried out in the scope of adjudication and execution of precautionary measures took place in Poland. As a result, not only the catalog of possible measures was expanded, but also the circle of persons against whom such measures can be ruled. However, the reasons for their application have not changed - preventing the perpetrator from a repetition of the same infringement. The effectiveness of precautionary measures used is primarily determined by the manner of enforcement. Due to the above, most attention in the article was devoted to their use, focusing primarily to the role of the probation officer in this regard. He enforces precautionary measures in the form of electronic control of the place of stay as well as orders and prohibitions referred to in art. 39 points 2-3 of the Penal Code. Moreover, he may also apply supervision, which is adjudicated against certain perpetrators due to the use of a precautionary measure in the form of therapy and addiction therapy. The article ends with conclusions and de lege ferenda postulates.

Why criminal law needs a philosophy of law?

The article discusses the necessity of the presence of legal philosophy in penal sciences, i. a. criminal law, as a necessary basis for the creation and functioning of a system of good criminal law. The author, referring to selected views on the essence of the criminal law, indicates that the philosophy of law is a binder of the entire criminal law system, serving the implementation of its goals and functions, and guaranteeing that criminal law serves the service of the human person. The philosophy of criminal law applies in many respects, especially in justifying the basic principles of criminal law and in connection with the axiology of protection of human rights and the Constitution.

The significance of resocialization diagnosis in the work of an adult probation officer

In accordance with the legal regulation of the Criminal Code and the Executive Penal Code in force in Poland, both in preparatory and executive proceedings, the court should make decisions based on an individual criminological prediction. In many European countries, reports in trial phase, pre-trial reports, as well as pre-sentence reports are prepared by probation officers. In Poland, the court often uses the help of probation officers during the enforcement phase, sporadically before the judgment is passed. Diagnosis properly prepared by a probation officer allows planning social rehabilitation interactions appropriate to the deficits and resources of the convicted person. It is important to acquire detailed knowledge about the extent of the probationer's problems and their character, which will help in the implementation of proper and effective interactions.

Effectiveness of conditional release in the context of reasons for its appeal

The article presents selected changes in the functioning of the conditional release institution as well as conditional release appeal. This paper aims to discuss the effectiveness of applying conditional release in the context of reasons, which cause its negative ending, that is its appeal. Application of the so-called electronic surveillance has been seen to influence the number of conditional releases and decrease the number of positively considered applications for conditional release. It was concluded that the scope of reasons resulting in conditional release appeal has changed, because as far as in 2013 a court decision of this sort would most often result from violation of legal order by the convicted, this has changed since 2014 and the main reason for appeal was the convict’s evasion of surveillance, duties, penal measures or other reasons of similar nature. The article ends with conclusions.

Control tasks of an adult probation officer executing a court judgments or judgments

This study aims to present in a condensed manner task performed by an adult probation officer in the Polish criminal policy system. Due to the nature and subject of this study, special emphasis has been placed on the probation officer’s control tasks, executing criminal judgments as part of his tasks and responsibilities at the stage of enforcement proceedings.

Probation center - a Polish way of complementary resocialization of minors in an open environment

The article presents the concept of conducting enforcement proceedings regarding the implementation of an educational measure for minors in a probation center. A brief description of the subject of this procedure, i.e., juveniles, was provided and the group of minors most often directed to probation centers by courts was indicated. Objectives and assumptions of educational and resocialization activities in these facilities were synthetically characterized on the basis of relevant provisions. The problem of the availability of probation centers in individual areas of courts of appeal was also presented, and what follows, limitations in the possibility of the ruling of this educational measure by the youth court.

Report from research on mutual social representations of professional probation officers for adults and their charges

In reference to Serge Moscovici’s theory of social representations and using the comprehensive interview methodology by Jean-Claude Kaufmann, I have conducted an analysis of interviews with professional court probation officers for adults and their charges. Asking about the representations they have in relation to each other, I have established the content of mutual social representations of probation officers and their charges, and I have selected the following types of participants in the probative relationship: land-oriented probation officer (CAT), court-oriented probation officer (KOS), charge RIGHT, charge LEFT.

Possibility of joint impact of probation officers from the criminal and family divisions performing tasks in one family

The article highlights the possibility of joint impacts of probation officers of both divisions (family and criminal) performing tasks in one family. The above issue was analyzed in three aspects: historical, organizational, legal and methodological. Conclusions that arise after analysis lead to believe that the guardianship system has developed in several directions, and the role of probation officers is currently differently understood by judges, probation officers and the society. Probation officers perform a very wide range of tasks related to the implementation of court decisions. Their preparation for the profession has been standardized. Graduates of pedagogical, psychological, sociological and legal faculties may become probation officers. Year-long apprenticeship is aimed at deepening the knowledge of the future probation officer in the field of work methodology. The author believes that the issue of cooperation of probation officers performing tasks in one family should become the subject of in-depth analysis, both legal and methodological. Well-prepared and implemented cooperation between probation officers of both divisions can bring a measurable increase in effectiveness of rehabilitation-educational actions carried out in an open environment.