Application of 3D documents in the land cadastre: problems of legal regulation

The article considers the use of 3D documents in electronic document management and land cadastre. Earth audit (cadastre) within the "Digital Earth" is carried out through 3D documents. The technical nature of 3D documents is clear, but the legal regime is quite complex and poorly understood. In this situation, it is impossible to conduct an audit of the Earth through a 3D document without establishing its legal regime. This article identifies possible ways to develop domestic legislation in the field of digitalization on the example of a 3D document and makes suggestions for improving the current legislation and defining the legal regime of a 3D document, including in relation to the land cadastre.

Geoinformation system as a controlling tool for External State Audit Bodies

The Author justifies the needs of introducing Geo-Informational Systems into the daily activities of The External State Audit Bodies by revealing the concepts of both controlling and digital audit applications. With the development of introducing digital auditing into The Accounting Chamber of The Russian Federation along with Russia’s leadership role in INTOSAI, the time has come to modernize our information systems for the 21st century and beyond.

"Digital Health Earth": towards a global healthcare management geolocating human health condition by means of space technology

Healthcare providers such as the World Health Organization, transnational and global health initiatives, the national healthcare systems, down to the smallest villages and individual practitioners and professionals could benefit from geo referential data and metadata and 3D digital assets provided by space technology. Health prevention and literacy programs, mortality and morbidity rates, including contextual statistical data about populations and territories are being already produced and accessible. The hypothetical frame of a Digital Health Earth hereto presented could be performed as the interoperability of 3D representations of sectors of territories and geolocalized layers about health and environment. SDG Goals crossed with WHO programs and available data can become the premises for the design and development of a global representation of healthcare situations, highlighting priorities and disseminating data by intuitive and interactive modes of visualization as it is already happening with 2D dashboards about COVID-19 pandemic. Healthcare practitioners, professionals, health managers, but also patients, proxy, social workers, laypeople, stakeholders and media could benefit from visualizing and comparing Digital Earth health data. Concerns about privacy, digital divide and social exclusion from primary care services and how quality of lives might occur are considered here. As a consequence of Space Technology, especially for its connection with the Satellite industry, Digital Health Earth, will contribute to the development of a new added value economic branch inside the increasing market of the Space Economy Revolution.

Automotive Digital Earth: Big Data, Insurance

The article is devoted to the implementation of Big Data technology in the auto industry and insurance. The article substantiates the need to use this technology in the context of rapidly growing volumes of information, describes the role of big data in modern life and predicts its use in the concept of the future development of the Digital Earth. The current level of Big Data usage in the automotive sector in Russia and around the world is considered. The §author describes the main areas of application of Big Data, such as car insurance using telematics devices, navigation, improving the production process of cars in terms of identifying and eliminating system flaws that are detected during operation, as well as about the growing popularity and at the same time causing heated controversy of the technology of unmanned driving. Statistical data on the number of self-driving cars in countries, the level of their introduction into everyday life, and people's readiness for a new stage of transport development are presented. Separately, the author raises the question of the legal regulation of Big Data, which at this stage is in its infancy and requires careful study, identifies current legal problems that arise in the process of implementing this technology. As a solution to the problem, a number of measures are proposed to fill the existing gap and establish compliance with the rule of law and common principles for the use and protection of Big data.

The Features of Legal Regulation of Big Data in the Context of the Development of the Digital Earth

When creating a Digital Earth, huge amounts of data are generated through remote sensing and various sensors to observe our planet. Big Data has become of particular value in the context of the development of the Digital Earth. At the same time, every day there is more and more information, which creates serious problems for their collection, storage, processing, ensuring their security and legal regulation. The advent of cloud technologies has made it possible to provide computing support for collecting, storing and processing Big Data, while the heterogeneity of the amount of data collected is growing and it becomes difficult to determine their legal regime, jurisdiction and protection in general. The report analyzes the sources of Big Data used for the development of the Digital Earth, the peculiarities of their collection, storage and processing through cloud technologies, analyzes the prospects and risks of the development of the digital Earth in terms of the security of Big Data and their legal regulation.

Automotive Digital Earth: Big Data, Insurance

The article is devoted to the implementation of Big Data technology in the auto industry and insurance. The article substantiates the need to use this technology in the context of rapidly growing volumes of information, describes the role of big data in modern life and predicts its use in the concept of the future development of the Digital Earth. The current level of Big Data usage in the automotive sector in Russia and around the world is considered. The §author describes the main areas of application of Big Data, such as car insurance using telematics devices, navigation, improving the production process of cars in terms of identifying and eliminating system flaws that are detected during operation, as well as about the growing popularity and at the same time causing heated controversy of the technology of unmanned driving. Statistical data on the number of self-driving cars in countries, the level of their introduction into everyday life, and people's readiness for a new stage of transport development are presented. Separately, the author raises the question of the legal regulation of Big Data, which at this stage is in its infancy and requires careful study, identifies current legal problems that arise in the process of implementing this technology. As a solution to the problem, a number of measures are proposed to fill the existing gap and establish compliance with the rule of law and common principles for the use and protection of Big data.

Geoinformation system as a controlling tool for External State Audit Bodies

The Author justifies the needs of introducing Geo-Informational Systems into the daily activities of The External State Audit Bodies by revealing the concepts of both controlling and digital audit applications. With the development of introducing digital auditing into The Accounting Chamber of The Russian Federation along with Russia’s leadership role in INTOSAI, the time has come to modernize our information systems for the 21st century and beyond.

Auto-Audit of Digital Earth and Beyond

The question is posed: "If we use the Digital Earth to verify the results of an audit (e.g. land cadastre) conducted in a traditional format, who can verify the Digital Earth itself?" The answer is, "The Digital Earth can audit itself. Only you have to teach it to do it". The mechanism of self-checking is proposed to be realized through autoreflexion. If Digital Earth is "taught" autoreflexion, there are no obstacles to the transition to peer-to-peer reflexion and multirange reflexion. The reflexive model of the Digital Earth is discussed both in the case of ordinary introspection (auto-audit) and in the case of multiple ranks of reflexion. The way of inclusion of the person in the digital network as a support structure of the Digital Earth is discussed. At the next level of development the reflexive Digital Earth becomes recursive, which means development toward the noosphere as understood by academician Vladimir I. Vernadsky – the thinking Digital Earth. Finally, at the highest stage of development Digital Earth will understand man and humanity.

Application of 3D documents in the land cadastre: problems of legal regulation

The article considers the use of 3D documents in electronic document management and land cadastre. Earth audit (cadastre) within the "Digital Earth" is carried out through 3D documents. The technical nature of 3D documents is clear, but the legal regime is quite complex and poorly understood. In this situation, it is impossible to conduct an audit of the Earth through a 3D document without establishing its legal regime. This article identifies possible ways to develop domestic legislation in the field of digitalization on the example of a 3D document and makes suggestions for improving the current legislation and defining the legal regime of a 3D document, including in relation to the land cadastre.

"Digital Health Earth": towards a global healthcare management geolocating human health condition by means of space technology

Healthcare providers such as the World Health Organization, transnational and global health initiatives, the national healthcare systems, down to the smallest villages and individual practitioners and professionals could benefit from geo referential data and metadata and 3D digital assets provided by space technology. Health prevention and literacy programs, mortality and morbidity rates, including contextual statistical data about populations and territories are being already produced and accessible. The hypothetical frame of a Digital Health Earth hereto presented could be performed as the interoperability of 3D representations of sectors of territories and geolocalized layers about health and environment. SDG Goals crossed with WHO programs and available data can become the premises for the design and development of a global representation of healthcare situations, highlighting priorities and disseminating data by intuitive and interactive modes of visualization as it is already happening with 2D dashboards about COVID-19 pandemic. Healthcare practitioners, professionals, health managers, but also patients, proxy, social workers, laypeople, stakeholders and media could benefit from visualizing and comparing Digital Earth health data. Concerns about privacy, digital divide and social exclusion from primary care services and how quality of lives might occur are considered here. As a consequence of Space Technology, especially for its connection with the Satellite industry, Digital Health Earth, will contribute to the development of a new added value economic branch inside the increasing market of the Space Economy Revolution.