Synthesis of Glycerol Nucleic Acid (GNA) Phosphoramidite Monomers and Oligonucleotide Polymers

2010 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Su Zhang ◽  
John C. Chaput
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Glycerol Nucleic Acid

scholarly journals Synthesis of phosphoramidites of isoGNA, an isomer of glycerol nucleic acid

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 2131-2138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keunsoo Kim ◽  
Venkateshwarlu Punna ◽  
Phaneendrasai Karri ◽  
Ramanarayanan Krishnamurthy
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Structural Unit ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Alternative Route ◽  
Base Pairing ◽  
Limited Base ◽  
Glycerol Nucleic Acid ◽  
Adenine Derivative

IsoGNA, an isomer of glycerol nucleic acid GNA, is a flexible (acyclic) nucleic acid with bases directly attached to its linear backbone. IsoGNA exhibits (limited) base-pairing properties which are unique compared to other known flexible nucleic acids. Herein, we report on the details of the preparation of isoGNA phosphoramidites and an alternative route for the synthesis of the adenine derivative. The synthetic improvements described here enable an easy access to isoGNA and allows for the further exploration of this structural unit in oligonucleotide chemistry thereby spurring investigations of its usefulness and applicability.

Base-Pairing Properties of a Structural Isomer of Glycerol Nucleic Acid

2013 ◽  
Vol 52 (22) ◽  
pp. 5840-5844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phaneendrasai Karri ◽  
Venkateshwarlu Punna ◽  
Keunsoo Kim ◽  
Ramanarayanan Krishnamurthy
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Structural Isomer ◽  
Base Pairing ◽  
Glycerol Nucleic Acid

Synthesis of Two Mirror Image 4-Helix Junctions Derived from Glycerol Nucleic Acid

2008 ◽  
Vol 130 (18) ◽  
pp. 5846-5847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard S. Zhang ◽  
Elizabeth O. McCullum ◽  
John C. Chaput
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Mirror Image ◽  
Glycerol Nucleic Acid

Base-Pairing Properties of a Structural Isomer of Glycerol Nucleic Acid

2013 ◽  
Vol 125 (22) ◽  
pp. 5952-5956 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phaneendrasai Karri ◽  
Venkateshwarlu Punna ◽  
Keunsoo Kim ◽  
Ramanarayanan Krishnamurthy
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Structural Isomer ◽  
Base Pairing ◽  
Glycerol Nucleic Acid

Introduction

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 543-544
Author(s):  
W. Bernard
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Gene Mapping ◽  
Molecular Genetics ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Gene Activity ◽  
Close Connection ◽  
Basic Information ◽  
Simple Systems

In comparison to many other fields of ultrastructural research in Cell Biology, the successful exploration of genes and gene activity with the electron microscope in higher organisms is a late conquest. Nucleic acid molecules of Prokaryotes could be successfully visualized already since the early sixties, thanks to the Kleinschmidt spreading technique - and much basic information was obtained concerning the shape, length, molecular weight of viral, mitochondrial and chloroplast nucleic acid. Later, additonal methods revealed denaturation profiles, distinction between single and double strandedness and the use of heteroduplexes-led to gene mapping of relatively simple systems carried out in close connection with other methods of molecular genetics.

Infection of Escherichia coli with bacteriophages

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 370-371
Author(s):  
Manfred E. Bayer
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Infection Process ◽  
Adsorption Site ◽  
The Other ◽  
Specific Receptors ◽  
Bacterial Receptors

The first step in the infection of a bacterium by a virus consists of a collision between cell and bacteriophage. The presence of virus-specific receptors on the cell surface will trigger a number of events leading eventually to release of the phage nucleic acid. The execution of the various "steps" in the infection process varies from one virus-type to the other, depending on the anatomy of the virus. Small viruses like ØX 174 and MS2 adsorb directly with their capsid to the bacterial receptors, while other phages possess attachment organelles of varying complexity. In bacteriophages T3 (Fig. 1) and T7 the small conical processes of their heads point toward the adsorption site; a welldefined baseplate is attached to the head of P22; heads without baseplates are not infective.

Nucleic Acid Molecules Prepared by Monolayer Techniques

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 178-179
Author(s):  
Dimitrij Lang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Cytochrome C ◽  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Contour Length ◽  
Sample Standard Deviation ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Length Measurements ◽  
Protein Monolayer

The success of the protein monolayer technique for electron microscopy of individual DNA molecules is based on the prevention of aggregation and orientation of the molecules during drying on specimen grids. DNA adsorbs first to a surface-denatured, insoluble cytochrome c monolayer which is then transferred to grids, without major distortion, by touching. Fig. 1 shows three basic procedures which, modified or not, permit the study of various important properties of nucleic acids, either in concert with other methods or exclusively:1) Molecular weights relative to DNA standards as well as number distributions of molecular weights can be obtained from contour length measurements with a sample standard deviation between 1 and 4%.

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