Biases of five latent heat flux products and their impacts on mixed-layer temperature estimates in the South China Sea

2017 ◽  
Vol 122 (6) ◽  
pp. 5088-5104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Wang ◽  
Rongwang Zhang ◽  
Jian Huang ◽  
Lili Zeng ◽  
Fei Huang
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
South China Sea ◽  
Latent Heat ◽  
Latent Heat Flux ◽  
Mixed Layer ◽  
South China ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
The South ◽  
China Sea ◽  
Mixed Layer Temperature

Cool Skin Effect and its Impact on the Computation of the Latent Heat Flux in the South China Sea

2021 ◽  
Vol 126 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rongwang Zhang ◽  
Fenghua Zhou ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
Dongxiao Wang ◽  
Sergey K. Gulev
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
South China Sea ◽  
Latent Heat ◽  
Latent Heat Flux ◽  
South China ◽  
Skin Effect ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
The South ◽  
China Sea ◽  
Cool Skin

scholarly journals Variations of latent heat flux during tropical cyclones over the South China Sea

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 717-723 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shumin Chen ◽  
Weibiao Li ◽  
Youyu Lu ◽  
Zhiping Wen
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
South China Sea ◽  
Tropical Cyclones ◽  
Latent Heat ◽  
Latent Heat Flux ◽  
South China ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
The South ◽  
China Sea

scholarly journals Validation of Satellite-Derived Daily Latent Heat Flux over the South China Sea, Compared with Observations and Five Products

2013 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 1820-1832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongxiao Wang ◽  
Lili Zeng ◽  
Xixi Li ◽  
Ping Shi
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
South China Sea ◽  
Latent Heat ◽  
Latent Heat Flux ◽  
South China ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
Specific Humidity ◽  
High Quality ◽  
China Sea ◽  
Ocean Atmosphere

Abstract This study describes the development of the South China Sea (SCS) daily satellite-derived latent heat flux (SCSSLH) for the period of 1998–2011 at 0.25° × 0.25° resolution using data mainly from the Tropical Rain Measuring Mission (TRMM) Microwave Imager (TMI). Flux-related variables of daily TMI data smoothed with 3-day running mean were finally chosen because of the best fit with the 1727 high-quality observations from seven moored stations and 24 ship surveys. Near-surface air specific humidity was computed using the global relationship based on satellite precipitable water. Verification against 1016 high-resolution radiosonde profiles from 1998 to 2012 and the time series from the Xisha automatic weather station during 2008–10 indicate that this satellite-derived air specific humidity can reasonably capture observed mean condition and temporal variability. They are therefore used to derive SCSSLH based on the Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere Response Experiment version 3.0 (COARE 3.0) algorithm. Compared with five other latent heat flux products—the Goddard Satellite-Based Surface Turbulent Fluxes version 2 (GSSTF2), the objectively analyzed air–sea heat fluxes (OAFlux), the Hamburg Ocean Atmosphere Parameters and Fluxes from Satellite Data version 3 (HOAPS3), the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/Department of Energy Global Reanalysis 2 (NCEP-2), and the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF)—the daily SCSSLH shows the highest spatial resolution and realistic values in the SCS, with an exception along the northern continental shelf. More importantly, the other five products seem to overestimate the latent heat flux systematically. The flux representation in this study comes not only with a better flux algorithm but also with the improved estimates of bulk variables based on in situ measurements, which further highlights the unique role of high-quality meteorological measurements and atmospheric weather stations in evaluating the air–sea interaction in the SCS.

scholarly journals Estimate of Ocean Mixed Layer Deepening after a Typhoon Passage over the South China Sea by Using Satellite Data

2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 498-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiayi Pan ◽  
Yujuan Sun
Keyword(s):  
South China Sea ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Mixed Layer ◽  
South China ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
Temperature Profiles ◽  
The South ◽  
Translation Speed ◽  
China Sea ◽  
Sst Cooling

Abstract The ocean responses to Typhoon Cimaron, which influenced the South China Sea (SCS) from 1 to 8 November 2006, are analyzed. Based on satellite-observed sea surface temperature (SST) and climatological temperature profiles in the SCS, mixed layer deepening, an important parameter characterizing turbulent mixing and upwelling driven by strong typhoon winds, is derived. Corresponding to the SST drop of 4.4°C on 3 November 2006, the mixed layer deepened by 104.5 m relative to the undisturbed depth of 43.2 m, which is consistent with a simulation result from a mixed layer model. Furthermore, baroclinic geostrophic velocity and vorticity are calculated from the surface temperature gradient caused by the typhoon. The negative vorticity, associated with the typhoon cooling, indicated an anticyclonic baroclinic circulation strongest at the base of the mixed layer and at the depth of 50 m, the geostrophic speed reached as high as 0.2 m s−1. Typhoon Cimaron proceeded slowly (1.7 m s−1) when it was making a southwestward turn on 3 November 2006, resulting in a subcritical condition with a Froude number (the ratio of typhoon translation speed to first baroclinic mode speed) of 0.6 around the maximum SST drop location and facilitating high SST cooling and mixed layer deepening because of the absence of inertial-gravity waves in the wake of the typhoon. Comparison of Argo buoy data with the climatological temperature suggests that the average uncertainty in the mixed layer deepening estimation caused by the difference between Argo and climatological temperature profiles is less than 10 m.

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