Neuroprotective Activity of Curcumin andEmblica officinalisExtract against Carbofuran-Induced Neurotoxicity in Wistar Rats

2017 ◽  
pp. 447-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramadasan Kuttan ◽  
P.P. Binitha
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Neuroprotective Activity

scholarly journals Neuroprotective Effect of Nevirapine on Cerebral Ischemic Stroke by Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Wistar Rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 16-24
Author(s):  
Vasudha Bakshi ◽  
CH Maneesha Ram ◽  
Nazia Begum ◽  
Naveen Pathakala
Keyword(s):  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
Neuroprotective Activity ◽  
Differential Leukocyte Count ◽  
Cognitive Improvement ◽  
Cerebral Artery Occlusion

Objective: To evaluate the neuroprotective effect of Nevirapine on cerebral ischemia stroke by middle cerebral artery occlusion in wistar rats. Methods: The rats were pre and post treated with Nevirapine (NVP) at selective doses (5, 10 mg/kg/g, p.o) for a period of 14 days followed by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Neurobehavioral changes were evaluated by using Y-maze and open field habituation. Biochemical markers such as acetyl cholinesterase (AChE), glutamate, differential leukocyte count (DLC), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and catalase were estimated. Results: Obtain results revealed that 14 days of treatment with NVP was effective in averting neurotoxicity. NVP treatment significantly reduced AChE, glutamate, DLC, LDH and elevated levels of antioxidant parameters such as SOD, catalase and GPX.. Conclusion: These results clearly revealed that Nevirapine exhibited cognitive improvement which is related to its antioxidant and neuroprotective activity. Further studies are suggested to evaluate molecular mechanism of involved in neuroprotection.

Neuro-pharmacological evaluation of anticonvulsant and neuroprotective activity of Cocculus laurifolius leaves in wistar rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 991-999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sidra Maqbool ◽  
Ishrat Younus ◽  
Rafia Sadaf ◽  
Anab Fatima
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Neuroprotective Activity ◽  
Pharmacological Evaluation

scholarly journals GINGER LOADED CHITOSAN NANOPARTICLES FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF 3–NITROPROPIONIC ACID-INDUCED HUNTINGTON’S DISEASE-LIKE SYMPTOMS IN MALE WISTAR RATS

2022 ◽  
pp. 28-36
Author(s):  
R. M. AKILA ◽  
DONA MARIA SHAJI
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Huntington's Disease ◽  
Huntington’S Disease ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Chitosan Nanoparticles ◽  
Acetylcholine Esterase ◽  
Neuroprotective Activity ◽  
Ginger Extract ◽  
Nitropropionic Acid ◽  
3 Nitropropionic Acid

Objective: The purpose of this research work is to enhance bioavailability and brain delivery of ginger through the development of ginger-loaded chitosan nanoparticles and evaluation of its neuroprotective potential against 3-Nitropropionic acid (3-NP) induced Huntington’s Disease model rats. Methods: Ginger-loaded chitosan nanoparticles were developed as five different formulations (F1-F5) by the ionic gelation method. Based on their release, formulations F1 and F3 were chosen for physicochemical characterization. The neuroprotective activity of formulations F1 and F3 were evaluated by behavioural (Neurological scoring, Hanging wire test, Elevated plus maze test), biochemical (estimation of lipid peroxidation, glutathione, protein, superoxide dismutase, catalase) and neurochemical (estimation of acetylcholine esterase inhibition) tests in comparison with ginger extract in Huntington’s Disease (HD) model rats. Results: Formulations F1 and F3 showed almost similar and significant controlled release. Formulation F1 showed spherical nanoparticles with optimum size range and negative zeta potential. The behavioural assessment revealed that there was an improvement in gait, movement, grip strength and memory in ginger-loaded chitosan nanoformulations administered to rats than ginger extract administered rats. Biochemical and neurochemical analyses also proved that ginger-loaded chitosan nanoformulations had greatly lowered the oxidative stress parameters such as malondialdehyde and protein carbonyls in comparison with ginger extract (p<0.05). The ginger nanoformulations had highly increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, glutathione and catalase by reducing the formation of free radicals than ginger extract (p<0.05). The memory and cognition of ginger nanoformulations administered Wistar rats had highly improved than ginger extract administered Wistar rats (p<0.05 due to inhibition of acetylcholine esterase enzyme). Conclusion: The current study indicated that ginger-loaded chitosan nanoparticles have a superior neuroprotective effect than their extract due to their nano size, which facilitates their entry across the blood-brain barrier and eventually improves the bioavailability of ginger.

Ultrastructural Investigation of Spontaneous Pituitary Adenomas in Aging Sprague-Dawley Rats

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 216-217
Author(s):  
D. J. McComb ◽  
J. Beri ◽  
F. Zak ◽  
K. Kovacs
Keyword(s):  
Microscopic Study ◽  
Pituitary Adenomas ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Microscopic Level ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Prolactin Cells ◽  
Light Microscopic Level ◽  
Ultrastructural Investigation ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Long Evans

Investigation of the spontaneous pituitary adenomas in rat have been limited mainly to light microscopic study. Furth et al. (1973) described them as chromophobic, secreting prolactin. Kovacs et al. (1977) in an ul trastructural investigation of adenomas of old female Long-Evans rats, found that they were composed of prolactin cells. Berkvens et al. (1980) using immunocytochemistry at the light microscopic level, demonstrated that some spontaneous tumors of old Wistar rats could contain GH, TSH or ACTH as well as PRL.

Light and electron microscopic investigation of adenohypophyses of germfree, food-restricted, and germfree-food restricted aging, male lobund-wistar rats

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 352-353
Author(s):  
G. Ilse ◽  
K. Kovacs ◽  
N. Ryan ◽  
T. Sano ◽  
L. Stefaneanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Microscopic Investigation ◽  
Electron Microscopic Investigation ◽  
Aging Male ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Old Rats ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Microscopic Findings

Germfree state and food restriction have been shown to increase life span and delay tumor occurrence in rats. We report here the histologic, immunocytochemical and electron microscopic findings of adenohypophyses of aging, male Lobund-Wistar rats raised at Lobund Laboratories. In our previous study, the morphologic changes in the adenohypophyses of old rats have been extensively investigated by histology, immunocytochemistry and electron microscopy. Lactotroph adenomas were frequent in Long-Evans and Sprague-Dawley rats, whereas gonadotroph adenomas were frequent in Sprague-Dawley and Wistar rats.Male Lobund-Wistar rats were divided into four groups: 1) conventional, which were raised under normal non-germfree environment and received food ad libitum; 2) germfree-food ad libitum; 3) conventional environment-food restricted and 4) germfree-food restricted. The adenohypophyses were removed from 6-month-, 18-month- and 30-month-old rats. For light microscopy, adenohypophyses were fixed in formalin and embedded in paraffin.

Surface epithelial ultrastructure of the polycystic ovary in the BB wistar rat

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 252-253
Author(s):  
R. C. Kaufmann ◽  
F. K. Khosho ◽  
K. S. Amankwah
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Polycystic Ovaries ◽  
Chemical Diabetes ◽  
Scanning Electron

Diabetes decreases the fertility of females, but the mechanisms are not completely understood. In our investigations, we have found that 13% of the female BB Wistar rats that spontaneously developed chemical diabetes had persistent estrous. In this study the ovaries of these rats were examined by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and compared to normal-cycling controls as well as to rats that had developed polycystic ovaries(PCO) by exposure to constant 1ight.

Structural and functional renal alterations in five-sixth nephrectomized rats on unrestricted diet

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 342-343
Author(s):  
I. Stachura ◽  
M. Pardo ◽  
J. Costello ◽  
D.M. Landwehr
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Renal Damage ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Phosphate Intake ◽  
Dietary Restrictions ◽  
Severe Reduction ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Unrestricted Diet ◽  
Progressive Renal Insufficiency

Under experimental conditions severe reduction of renal mass results in the hyperfiltration of the remaining nephrons leading to a progressive renal insufficiency. Similar changes are observed in patients with various renal disorders associated with a loss of the functioning nephrons. The progression of renal damage is accelerated by high protein and phosphate intake, and may be modified by the dietary restrictions.We studied 50 five-sixth nephrectarrized male Wistar rats on a standard diet (Rodent Laboratory Chow 5001 Ralston Purina Co., Richmond, Indiana; containing 23.4% protein) over a 20 week period.

Parathyroid gland before and after cisplatin treatment

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 860-861
Author(s):  
S.K. Aggarwal ◽  
J.M. Fadool
Keyword(s):  
Parathyroid Gland ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Antitumor Agent ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Hormonal Changes ◽  
Primary Mechanism ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Dna Strands

Cisplatin (CDDP) a potent antitumor agent suffers from severe toxic side effects with nephrotoxicity being the major dose-limiting factor, The primary mechanism of its action has been proposed to be through its cross-linking DNA strands. It has also been shown to inactivate various transport enzymes and induce hypocalcemia and hypomagnesemia that may be the underlying cause for some of its toxicities. The present is an effort to study its influence on the parathyroid gland for any hormonal changes that control calcium levels in the body.Male Swiss Wistar rats (Crl: (WI) BR) weighing 200-300 g and of 60 days in age were injected (ip) with cisplatin (7mg/kg in normal saline). The controls received saline injections only. The animals were injected (iv) with calcium (0.5 ml of 10% calcium gluconate/day) and were killed by decapitation on day 1 through 5. Trunk blood was collected in heparinized tubes.

Polychlorinated biphenyl induced hepatocyte alterations

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 716-717
Author(s):  
D.N. Collins ◽  
J.N. Turner ◽  
K.O. Brosch ◽  
R.F. Seegal
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Droplets ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Homovanillic Acid ◽  
Polychlorinated Biphenyl ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Pcb Congeners ◽  
Urinary Levels ◽  
The Brain

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a ubiquitous class of environmental pollutants with toxic and hepatocellular effects, including accumulation of fat, proliferated smooth endoplasmic recticulum (SER), and concentric membrane arrays (CMAs) (1-3). The CMAs appear to be a membrane storage and degeneration organelle composed of a large number of concentric membrane layers usually surrounding one or more lipid droplets often with internalized membrane fragments (3). The present study documents liver alteration after a short term single dose exposure to PCBs with high chlorine content, and correlates them with reported animal weights and central nervous system (CNS) measures. In the brain PCB congeners were concentrated in particular regions (4) while catecholamine concentrations were decreased (4-6). Urinary levels of homovanillic acid a dopamine metabolite were evaluated (7).Wistar rats were gavaged with corn oil (6 controls), or with a 1:1 mixture of Aroclor 1254 and 1260 in corn oil at 500 or 1000 mg total PCB/kg (6 at each level).

M.561 The effect of alcohol and Gemfibrozil co-administration in Wistar rats

2004 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 130
Author(s):  
G KOLOVOU
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats
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