Total Hip Replacement due to Primary Osteoarthritis in Relation to Cumulative Occupational Exposures and Lifestyle Factors: A Nationwide Nested Case-Control Study

Abstract Background To explore the relationship between radiographic spondylolisthesis and occupational factors in a case-control study nested within the Wakayama Spine Study (WSS). Methods The WSS is a cross-sectional observational study amongst Japanese adults. All participants completed a lifetime occupational history and underwent X-rays of the lumbar spine (L1-S1) according to a pre-defined protocol. One trained surgeon graded the presence of a spondylolisthesis based upon ≥5% anterior or posterior slip at one or more levels. Cases, with lumbar spondylolisthesis, were compared with controls without, for their principal occupation and occupational exposures. Results In total, data were available for 722 adults (245 men and 477 women), mean age 70.1 (range 53–93) years. According to the pre-defined radiographic criteria, 117 were defined with spondylolisthesis (cases), leaving 605 controls. Cases were not significantly different from controls for age, gender, BMI, smoking or alcohol intake. However, cases were more than twice as likely to report occupational driving ≥4 h/day (OR 2.39, 95% CI 1.08–5.27) after adjustment for age, gender and BMI. Additionally, after stratification by age using 75 years as a cut-point, cases were more than 3-fold more likely to report having worked in the agricultural/ fishing industries (OR 3.47, 95% CI 1.29–9.29) among those aged < 75 years. A reduced risk of being a case was associated with climbing slopes/steps and walking. Conclusions A history of occupational driving and working in the agricultural/fishing industry were associated with radiographic spondylolisthesis in this cross-sectional population study. This finding requires further evaluation in longitudinal studies.

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Aseptic loosening after total hip arthroplasty and the risk of cardiovascular disease: A nested case-control study

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0204391 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 13 (11) ◽

pp. e0204391

Author(s):

Agata Rysinska ◽

Olof Sköldenberg ◽

Anne Garland ◽

Ola Rolfson ◽

Sara Aspberg ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Total Hip Arthroplasty ◽

Aseptic Loosening ◽

Hip Arthroplasty ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Total Hip ◽

Nested Case Control ◽

Control Study

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IS RADIOGRAPHIC LUMBAR SPONDYLOLISTHESIS ASSOCIATED WITH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURES? FINDINGS FROM A NESTED CASE CONTROL STUDY WITHIN THE WAKAYAMA SPINE STUDY

10.21203/rs.2.10836/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Yuyu Ishimoto ◽

Cyrus Cooper ◽

Georgia Ntani ◽

Hiroshi Yamada ◽

Hiroshi Hashizume ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Case Control Study ◽

Occupational Exposures ◽

Case Control ◽

X Rays ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Total Data ◽

Lumbar Spondylolisthesis ◽

Nested Case Control ◽

Control Study

Abstract Objective To explore the relationship between radiographic spondylolisthesis and occupational factors in a case-control study nested within the Wakayama Spine Study (WSS). Design The WSS is a cross-sectional observational study amongst Japanese adults. All participants completed a lifetime occupational history and underwent X-rays of the lumbar spine (L1-S1) according to a pre-defined protocol. One trained surgeon graded the presence of a spondylolisthesis based upon ≥5% anterior or posterior slip at one or more levels. Cases, with lumbar spondylolisthesis, were compared with controls without, for their principal occupation and occupational exposures. Results In total, data were available for 722 adults (245 men and 477 women), mean age 70.1 (range 53-93) years. According to the pre-defined radiographic criteria, 117 were defined with spondylolisthesis (cases), leaving 605 controls. Cases were not significantly different from controls for age, gender, BMI, smoking or alcohol intake. However, occupational driving ≥ 2hours/day was associated with a doubling of the risk of being a case (OR 2.39, 95% CI 1.08-5.27) after adjustment for age, gender and BMI. Additionally, after stratification by age using 75 years as a cut-point, working in the agricultural/ fishing industries was associated with a greater than 3-fold increased risk of spondylolisthesis (OR 3.47, 95% CI 1.29-9.29) among those aged <75 years. Climbing slopes/steps and walking were associated with reduced odds ratios. Conclusions A history of occupational driving and working in the agricultural/fishing industry were associated with radiographic spondylolisthesis in this cross-sectional population study. This finding requires further evaluation in longitudinal studies.

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Excess Length of Stay Attributable to Surgical Site Infection Following Hip Replacement: A Nested Case-Control Study

Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology ◽

10.1086/509828 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 27 (12) ◽

pp. 1299-1303 ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

Vicente Monge Jodra ◽

Lourdes Sainz de los Terreros Soler ◽

Cristina Díaz-Agero Pérez ◽

Carmen María Saa Requejo ◽

Nieves Plana Farrás

Keyword(s):

Length Of Stay ◽

Surgical Site Infection ◽

Hospital Stay ◽

Hip Replacement ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Site Infection ◽

Nested Case Control ◽

The Impact ◽

Control Study

Objective. We estimated the impact of hip replacement-associated surgical site infection (SSI) on morbidity and length of stay. Methods. This was a pairwise matched (1 : 1) case-control study nested in a cohort. All patients who underwent hip replacement from January 1, 2000, to June 30, 2004, were prospectively enrolled for the nested case-control design analysis and were monitored from the time of surgery until hospital discharge, including any patients readmitted because of infection. Results. Among the 1,260 hip replacements performed, 28 SSIs were detected, yielding a crude SSI rate of 2.2%. The median excess length of stay attributable to SSI was 32.5 days (P< .001), whereas the median prolonged postoperative stay due to SSI was 31 days (P< .001). Deep-wound SSI was the type that prolonged hospital stay the most (up to 49 days). Of the patients who developed an SSI, 4 required revision surgery, for an SSI-related morbidity rate of 14.3%. Conclusion. SSI prolongs hospital stay; however, although hospital stay is a rough indicator of the cost of this complication, to accurately estimate the costs of SSI, we would need to consider individual costs in a linear regression model adjusted for all possible confounding factors.

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