3D Macroporous Oxidation‐Resistant Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene Hybrid Hydrogels for Enhanced Supercapacitive Performances with Ultralong Cycle Life

2021 ◽  
pp. 2109479
Author(s):  
Xue Yang ◽  
Yiwei Yao ◽  
Qian Wang ◽  
Kai Zhu ◽  
Ke Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cycle Life ◽  
Hybrid Hydrogels ◽  
Oxidation Resistant

Structural Imperfections in thin Oxide Films Formed on Some Fe- and Ni-Base Alloys

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 510-511
Author(s):  
L. P. Lemaire ◽  
D. E. Fornwalt ◽  
F. S. Pettit ◽  
B. H. Kear
Keyword(s):  
Oxide Scale ◽  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Protective Oxide ◽  
Protective Oxide Scale ◽  
Thin Oxide Films ◽  
Diffusion Paths ◽  
Oxidation Resistant ◽  
Structural Imperfections ◽  
Short Circuit Diffusion

Oxidation resistant alloys depend on the formation of a continuous layer of protective oxide scale during the oxidation process. The initial stages of oxidation of multi-component alloys can be quite complex, since numerous metal oxides can be formed. For oxidation resistance, the composition is adjusted so that selective oxidation occurs of that element whose oxide affords the most protection. Ideally, the protective oxide scale should be i) structurally perfect, so as to avoid short-circuit diffusion paths, and ii) strongly adherent to the alloy substrate, which minimizes spalling in response to thermal cycling. Small concentrations (∼ 0.1%) of certain reactive elements, such as yttrium, markedly improve the adherence of oxide scales in many alloy systems.

Morphologies of Nonadherent Al2O3 and Matching Substrate Surfaces

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 524-525
Author(s):  
C. S. Giggins ◽  
J. K. Tien ◽  
B. H. Kear ◽  
F. S. Pettit
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Oxide Scale ◽  
Oxidation Resistance ◽  
Substrate Surface ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Thermally Induced ◽  
Oxide Spallation ◽  
Oxidation Resistant ◽  
Induced Stresses ◽  
Substrate Surfaces

The performance of most oxidation resistant alloys and coatings is markedly improved if the oxide scale strongly adheres to the substrate surface. Consequently, in order to develop alloys and coatings with improved oxidation resistance, it has become necessary to determine the conditions that lead to spallation of oxides from the surfaces of alloys. In what follows, the morphological features of nonadherent Al2O3, and the substrate surfaces from which the Al2O3 has spalled, are presented and related to oxide spallation.The Al2O3, scales were developed by oxidizing Fe-25Cr-4Al (w/o) and Ni-rich Ni3 (Al,Ta) alloys in air at 1200°C. These scales spalled from their substrates upon cooling as a result of thermally induced stresses. The scales and the alloy substrate surfaces were then examined by scanning and replication electron microscopy.The Al2O3, scales from the Fe-Cr-Al contained filamentary protrusions at the oxide-gas interface, Fig. 1(a). In addition, nodules of oxide have been developed such that cavities were formed between the oxide and the substrate, Fig. 1(a).

Cellulose Separators with Integrated Carbon Nanotube Interlayers for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries: An Investigation into the Complex Interplay Between Cell Components

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Chuan Chien ◽  
Ruijun Pan ◽  
Ming-Tao Lee ◽  
Leif Nyholm ◽  
Daniel Brandell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coulombic Efficiency ◽  
Solid Electrolyte Interphase ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Cycle Life ◽  
Complex Interplay ◽  
Positive Electrodes ◽  
Lithium Sulfur Batteries ◽  
Cell Components ◽  
Redox Shuttle ◽  
Lithium Sulfur

This work aims to address two major roadblocks in the development of lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries: the inefficient deposition of Li on the metallic Li electrode and the parasitic "polysulfide redox shuttle". These roadblocks are here approached, respectively, by the combination of a cellulose separator with a cathode-facing conductive porous carbon interlayer, based on their previously reported individual benefits. The cellulose separator increases cycle life by 33%, and the interlayer by a further 25%, in test cells with positive electrodes with practically relevant specifications and a relatively low electrolyte/sulfur (E/S) ratio. Despite the prolonged cycle life, the combination of the interlayer and cellulose separator increases the polysulfide shuttle current, leading to reduced Coulombic efficiency. Based on XPS analyses, the latter is ascribed to a change in the composition of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on Li. Meanwhile, electrolyte decomposition is found to be slower in cells with cellulose-based separators, which explains their longer cycle life. These counterintuitive observations demonstrate the complicated interactions between the cell components in the Li-S system and how strategies aiming to mitigate one unwanted process may exacerbate another. This study demonstrates the value of a holistic approach to the development of Li-S chemistry.<br>

NICROBRAZ 31

Alloy Digest ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 52 (9) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Filler Metal ◽  
Flow Properties ◽  
High Chromium ◽  
Braze Filler Metal ◽  
Oxidation Resistant ◽  
Chromium Oxidation

Abstract Nicrobraz 31 is a high-chromium, oxidation-resistant nickel braze filler metal with enhanced flow properties. This datasheet provides information on composition. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as joining. Filing Code: Ni-614. Producer or source: Wall Colmonoy Corporation.

METRODE 20.70 Nb

Alloy Digest ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Arc Welding ◽  
Nickel Alloys ◽  
Submerged Arc Welding ◽  
Inert Gas ◽  
Nominal Composition ◽  
Oxidation Resistant ◽  
Nickel Base ◽  
Submerged Arc

Abstract Metrode 20.70 Nb is a nickel-base consumable with a nominal composition of Ni, 20% Cr, and 2.5% Nb. This alloy is used to join a variety of oxidation-resistant nickel alloys. The product is a solid wire for tungsten inert gas (TIG), metal inert gas (MIG), and submerged arc welding (SAW). This datasheet provides information on tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on joining. Filing Code: Ni-606. Producer or source: Metrode Products Ltd.

ALUCHROM YHf

Alloy Digest ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
North America ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Oxidation Resistant

Abstract Aluchrom YHf is an oxidation resistant ferritic stainless steel alloyed with aluminum. The alloy is approved in North America and Europe for pressure vessels to 899 deg C (1650 deg F). This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SS-899. Producer or source: ThyssenKrupp VDM GmbH.

AK STEEL 410S

Alloy Digest ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Ferritic Stainless Steel ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Austenite Formation ◽  
Oxidation Resistant

Abstract AK Steel 410S is a fully ferritic stainless steel with elements added to retard austenite formation at high temperatures. The resulting low hardening allows for use as oxidation-resistant parts. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, and joining. Filing Code: SS-964. Producer or source: AK Steel.

ALLEGHENY STAINLESS TYPE 434

Alloy Digest ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Good Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Continuous Service ◽  
Oxidation Resistant ◽  
Corrosive Environments

Abstract ALLEGHENY STAINLESS TYPE 434 is a low-carbon ferritic stainless steel with good corrosion resistance to mildly corrosive environments and the atmosphere. It is oxidation resistant at temperatures up to 1600 F for intermittent service and up to 1450-1500 F for continuous service. It is used for automotive trim and other exterior environments. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness and fatigue. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, joining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: SS-292. Producer or source: Allegheny Ludlum Corporation.

ALUCHROM I SE

Alloy Digest ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Oxidation Resistant

Abstract Aluchrom I SE is an oxidation resistant ferritic stainless steel alloyed with aluminum and rare earth elements. Applications include framework for catalytic automobile muffler systems. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, and tensile properties as well as creep. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SS-823. Producer or source: Krupp VDM.

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