scholarly journals Ocular Delivery of Predatory Bacteria with Cryomicroneedles Against Eye Infection

2021 ◽  
pp. 2102327
Author(s):  
Mingyue Cui ◽  
Mengjia Zheng ◽  
Christian Wiraja ◽  
Sharon Wan Ting Chew ◽  
Arti Mishra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ocular Delivery ◽  
Predatory Bacteria ◽  
Eye Infection

Moxifloxacin Hydrochloride-Loaded Eudragit® RL 100 and Kollidon® SR Based Nanoparticles: Formulation, In vitro Characterization and Cytotoxicity.

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gülsel Yurtdaş Kırımlıoğlu ◽  
Sinan Özer ◽  
Gülay Büyükköroğlu ◽  
Yasemin Yazan
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Spray Drying ◽  
Prolonged Release ◽  
Ocular Delivery ◽  
Corneal Permeability ◽  
Release Pattern ◽  
In Vitro Characterization ◽  
Ocular Bioavailability

Background: Considering the low ocular bioavailability of conventional formulations used for ocular bacterial infection treatment, there’s a need for designing efficient novel drug delivery systems that may enhance of precorneal retention time and corneal permeability. Aim and Objective: The current research focuses on developing nanosized and non-toxic Eudragit® RL 100 and Kollidon® SR nanoparticles loaded with moxifloxacin hydrochloride (MOX) for its prolonged release to be promising for effective ocular delivery. Methods: In this study, MOX was incorporation was carried out by spray drying method aiming ocular delivery. In vitro characteristics were evaluated in detail with different methods. Results: MOX was successfully incorporated into Eudragit® RL 100 and Kollidon® SR polymeric nanoparticles by spray-drying process. Particle size, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, particle morphology, thermal, FTIR, XRD and NMR analyses and MOX quantification using HPLC method were carried out to evaluate the nanoparticles prepared. MOX loaded nanoparticles demonstrated nanosized and spherical shape while in vitro release studies demonstrated modified release pattern which followed Korsmeyer-Peppas kinetic model. Following successful incorporation of MOX into the nanoparticles, the formulation (MOX: Eudragit® RL 100, 1:5) (ERL-MOX 2) was selected for further studies by the reason of its better characteristics like cationic zeta potential, smaller particle size, narrow size distribution and more uniform prolonged release pattern. Moreover, ERL-MOX 2 formulation remained stable for 3 months and demonstrated higher cell viability values for MOX. Conclusion: In vitro characterization analyses showed that non-toxic, nano-sized and cationic ERLMOX 2 formulation has the potential of enhancing ocular bioavailability.

scholarly journals Filociclovir Is an Active Antiviral Agent against Ocular Adenovirus Isolates In Vitro and in the Ad5/NZW Rabbit Ocular Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 294
Author(s):  
Eric G. Romanowski ◽  
Islam T. M. Hussein ◽  
Steven C. Cardinale ◽  
Michelle M. Butler ◽  
Lucas R. Morin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Topical Treatment ◽  
Antiviral Agent ◽  
Human Adenovirus ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Ocular Infections ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Eye Infection

Presently, there is no FDA- or EMA-approved antiviral for the treatment of human adenovirus (HAdV) ocular infections. This study determined the antiviral activity of filociclovir (FCV) against ocular HAdV isolates in vitro and in the Ad5/NZW rabbit ocular model. The 50% effective concentrations (EC50) of FCV and cidofovir (CDV) were determined for several ocular HAdV types using standard plaque reduction assays. Rabbits were topically inoculated in both eyes with HAdV5. On day 1, the rabbits were divided into four topical treatment groups: (1) 0.5% FCV 4x/day × 10 d; (2) 0.1% FCV 4x/day × 10 d; (3) 0.5% CDV 2x/day × 7 d; (4) vehicle 4x/day × 10 d. Eyes were cultured for virus on days 0, 1, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9, 11, and 14. The resulting viral eye titers were determined using standard plaque assays. The mean in vitro EC50 for FCV against tested HAdV types ranged from 0.50 to 4.68 µM, whereas those treated with CDV ranged from 0.49 to 30.3 µM. In vivo, compared to vehicle, 0.5% FCV, 0.1% FCV, and 0.5% CDV produced lower eye titers, fewer numbers of positive eye cultures, and shorter durations of eye infection. FCV demonstrated anti-adenovirus activity in vitro and in vivo.

Analysis of gene gain and loss in the evolution of predatory bacteria

Gene ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 598 ◽  
pp. 63-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nan Li ◽  
Kai Wang ◽  
Henry N Williams ◽  
Jun Sun ◽  
Changling Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Gain ◽  
Predatory Bacteria ◽  
Gain And Loss

scholarly journals Shadowing the Actions of a Predator: Backlit Fluorescent Microscopy Reveals Synchronous Nonbinary Septation of Predatory Bdellovibrio inside Prey and Exit through Discrete Bdelloplast Pores

2010 ◽  
Vol 192 (24) ◽  
pp. 6329-6335 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Fenton ◽  
M. Kanna ◽  
R. D. Woods ◽  
S.-I. Aizawa ◽  
R. E. Sockett
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Outer Membrane ◽  
Fluorescent Microscopy ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Cell Division ◽  
Prey Cell ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Predatory Bacteria ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACT The Bdellovibrio are miniature “living antibiotic” predatory bacteria which invade, reseal, and digest other larger Gram-negative bacteria, including pathogens. Nutrients for the replication of Bdellovibrio bacteria come entirely from the digestion of the single invaded bacterium, now called a bdelloplast, which is bound by the original prey outer membrane. Bdellovibrio bacteria are efficient digesters of prey cells, yielding on average 4 to 6 progeny from digestion of a single prey cell of a genome size similar to that of the Bdellovibrio cell itself. The developmental intrabacterial cycle of Bdellovibrio is largely unknown and has never been visualized “live.” Using the latest motorized xy stage with a very defined z-axis control and engineered periplasmically fluorescent prey allows, for the first time, accurate return and visualization without prey bleaching of developing Bdellovibrio cells using solely the inner resources of a prey cell over several hours. We show that Bdellovibrio bacteria do not follow the familiar pattern of bacterial cell division by binary fission. Instead, they septate synchronously to produce both odd and even numbers of progeny, even when two separate Bdellovibrio cells have invaded and develop within a single prey bacterium, producing two different amounts of progeny. Evolution of this novel septation pattern, allowing odd progeny yields, allows optimal use of the finite prey cell resources to produce maximal replicated, predatory bacteria. When replication is complete, Bdellovibrio cells exit the exhausted prey and are seen leaving via discrete pores rather than by breakdown of the entire outer membrane of the prey.

Quercetin delivery to porcine cornea and sclera by solid lipid nanoparticles and nanoemulsion

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (122) ◽  
pp. 100923-100933 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi-Hsien Liu ◽  
Yun-Chun Huang ◽  
Jhe-Wei Jhang ◽  
Yu-Hong Liu ◽  
Wei-Chi Wu
Keyword(s):  
Solid Lipid Nanoparticles ◽  
Lipid Nanoparticles ◽  
Ocular Delivery ◽  
Solid Lipid ◽  
Porcine Cornea

Two potential nanocarriers including nanoemulsions and solid lipid nanoparticles have been demonstrated as vehicles for quercetin encapsulation and ocular delivery.

scholarly journals Fulminant eye infection in a patient with nephrotic syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 1385-1386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhilash Koratala ◽  
Freddy R. Malpartida ◽  
Rupam Ruchi
Keyword(s):  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Eye Infection
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