scholarly journals Multimodal Enzyme‐Carrying Suprastructures for Rapid and Sensitive Biocatalytic Cascade Reactions

2021 ◽  
pp. 2104884
Author(s):  
Seong‐Min Jo ◽  
Jihye Kim ◽  
Ji Eun Lee ◽  
Frederik R. Wurm ◽  
Katharina Landfester ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cascade Reactions

Harnessing methylation and AdoMet-utilising enzymes for selective modification in cascade reactions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Freideriki Michailidou ◽  
Andrea Rentmeister
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Small Molecules ◽  
Cascade Reactions ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Wide Range

Enzyme-mediated methylation is a very important reaction in nature, yielding a wide range of modified natural products, diversifying small molecules and fine-tuning the activity of biomacromolecules. The field has attracted...

scholarly journals Rhodium-catalyzed Cascade Reactions of Triazoles with Organoselenium Compounds – A Combined Experimental and Mechanistic Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Li ◽  
Cao Pei ◽  
Rene M Koenigs
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Cascade Reactions ◽  
Mechanistic Study ◽  
Organoselenium Compounds

Herein, we report on our studies on the reaction of organoselenium compounds with triazoles under thermal conditions using simple Rh(II) catalysts. These reactions do not provide the product of classic...

Encapsulating Copper Nanocrystals into Metal–Organic Frameworks for Cascade Reactions by Photothermal Catalysis

Small ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 2004481
Author(s):  
Lin Wang ◽  
Shu‐Rong Li ◽  
Yu‐Zhen Chen ◽  
Hai‐Long Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Metal Organic Frameworks ◽  
Cascade Reactions ◽  
Metal Organic

scholarly journals RcTGA1 and glucosinolate biosynthesis pathway involvement in the defence of rose against the necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Penghua Gao ◽  
Hao Zhang ◽  
Huijun Yan ◽  
Qigang Wang ◽  
Bo Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Gene Annotation ◽  
Infected Plant ◽  
Grey Mould ◽  
Cascade Reactions ◽  
Postharvest Quality ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Protein Activity ◽  
Phenylpropanoid Biosynthesis ◽  
And Cluster Analysis

Abstract Background Rose is an important economic crop in horticulture. However, its field growth and postharvest quality are negatively affected by grey mould disease caused by Botrytis c. However, it is unclear how rose plants defend themselves against this fungal pathogen. Here, we used transcriptomic, metabolomic and VIGS analyses to explore the mechanism of resistance to Botrytis c. Result In this study, a protein activity analysis revealed a significant increase in defence enzyme activities in infected plants. RNA-Seq of plants infected for 0 h, 36 h, 60 h and 72 h produced a total of 54 GB of clean reads. Among these reads, 3990, 5995 and 8683 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found in CK vs. T36, CK vs. T60 and CK vs. T72, respectively. Gene annotation and cluster analysis of the DEGs revealed a variety of defence responses to Botrytis c. infection, including resistance (R) proteins, MAPK cascade reactions, plant hormone signal transduction pathways, plant-pathogen interaction pathways, Ca2+ and disease resistance-related genes. qPCR verification showed the reliability of the transcriptome data. The PTRV2-RcTGA1-infected plant material showed improved susceptibility of rose to Botrytis c. A total of 635 metabolites were detected in all samples, which could be divided into 29 groups. Metabonomic data showed that a total of 59, 78 and 74 DEMs were obtained for T36, T60 and T72 (T36: Botrytis c. inoculated rose flowers at 36 h; T60: Botrytis c. inoculated rose flowers at 60 h; T72: Botrytis c. inoculated rose flowers at 72 h) compared to CK, respectively. A variety of secondary metabolites are related to biological disease resistance, including tannins, amino acids and derivatives, and alkaloids, among others; they were significantly increased and enriched in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, glucosinolates and other disease resistance pathways. This study provides a theoretical basis for breeding new cultivars that are resistant to Botrytis c. Conclusion Fifty-four GB of clean reads were generated through RNA-Seq. R proteins, ROS signalling, Ca2+ signalling, MAPK signalling, and SA signalling were activated in the Old Blush response to Botrytis c. RcTGA1 positively regulates rose resistance to Botrytis c. A total of 635 metabolites were detected in all samples. DEMs were enriched in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, glucosinolates and other disease resistance pathways.

Amino- and sulfo-bifunctionalized hyper-crosslinked organic nanotube frameworks as efficient catalysts for one-pot cascade reactions

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 2269-2273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guojie Meng ◽  
Shengguang Gao ◽  
Ying Liu ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
Chunmei Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cascade Reactions ◽  
One Pot ◽  
First Time

The synthesis of amino- and sulfo-bifunctionalized hyper-crosslinked organic nanotube frameworks for one-pot cascade reactions was reported for the first time.

scholarly journals Hydrogenation of alkynyl substituted aromatics over rhodium/silica

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph W. Gregory ◽  
S. David Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Cascade Reactions ◽  
Activation Energies ◽  
Competitive Reaction ◽  
Fresh Catalyst ◽  
Hydrogen Flux ◽  
Rate Determining Step ◽  
Surface Hydrogen ◽  
Alkyne Hydrogenation ◽  
Competitive Hydrogenation ◽  
Styrene Hydrogenation

AbstractThe cascade reactions of phenylacetylene to ethylcyclohexane and 1-phenyl-1-propyne to propylcyclohexane were studied individually, under deuterium and competitively at 343 K and 3 barg pressure over a Rh/silica catalyst. Both systems gave similar activation energies for alkyne hydrogenation (56 ± 4 kJ mol−1 for phenylacetylene and 50 ± 4 kJ mol−1 for 1-phenyl-1-propyne). Over fresh catalyst the order of reactivity was styrene > phenylacetylene ≫ ethylbenzene. Whereas with the cascade hydrogenation starting with phenylacetylene, styrene hydrogenated much slower phenylacetylene even once all the phenylacetylene was hydrogenated. The activity of ethylbenzene was also reduced in the cascade reaction and after styrene hydrogenation. These reductions in rate were likely due to carbon laydown from phenylacetylene and styrene. Similar behavior was observed with the 1-phenyl-1-propyne cascade. Deuterium experiments revealed similar positive KIEs for phenylacetylene (2.6) and 1-phenyl-1-propyne (2.1). Ethylbenzene hydrogenation/deuteration gave a KIE of 1.6 obtained after styrene hydrogenation in contrast to the inverse KIE of 0.4 found with ethylbenzene hydrogenation/deuteration over a fresh catalyst, indicating a change in rate determining step. Competitive hydrogenation between phenylacetylene and styrene reduced the rate of phenylacetylene hydrogenation but increased selectivity to ethylbenzene suggesting a change in the flux of sub-surface hydrogen. In the competitive reaction between 1-phenyl-1-propyne and propylbenzene, the rate of hydrogenation of 1-phenyl-1-propyne was increased and the rate of alkene isomerization was decreased, likely due to an increase in the hydrogen flux for hydrogenation and a decrease in the hydrogen species active in methylstyrene isomerization.

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