Can arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and biochar enhance plant resistance to low‐temperature stress?

Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is cultivated globally under a wide range of climatic conditions and is subjected to chilling and freezing stresses under temperate and cold climatic conditions. As a mycorrhizal crop, barley may benefit from this association for increasing cold resistance. In order to investigate the effects of inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on cold-stress resistance in barley plants, one winter and one spring cultivar were grown under control (25°C day, 17°C night) and low, non-freezing (LT: 5°C day, 3°C night) temperatures for 3 weeks in the absence (−AMF) or presence (+AMF) of two species of AMF, Glomus versiforme and Rhizophagus irregularis. In addition, the influence of LT (as an acclimation treatment) was studied on plant survival after a 2-day exposure to freezing temperature (FT: −5°C in dark). Biomass production, membrane integrity and survival rate of plants indicated that the winter cultivar was more tolerant than the spring cultivar. Inoculation with AMF resulted in improved growth, photosynthesis, osmotic and water homeostasis, and potassium uptake under both control and LT conditions, whereas the effect on membrane integrity, antioxidative defence and phenolics metabolism was mainly observed in LT plants. AMF inoculation substituted partially or completely for acclimation treatment and increased the survival rate of FT plants, with the highest survival achieved in a combination of AMF and LT. Mycorrhizal responsiveness was higher in LT plants. Despite the lower AMF colonisation, G. versiforme was often more effective than R. irregularis for the alleviation of low temperature stress in both cultivars, whereas R. irregularis was more effective in increasing the survival rate. Our data suggest that the right combination of fungus species and host-plant cultivar is important for successful utilisation of AMF under cold conditions.

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Different respiration metabolism between mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal rice under low-temperature stress: a cry for help from the host

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859614000434 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 153 (4) ◽

pp. 602-614 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Z. LIU ◽

Y. LI ◽

J. WANG ◽

X. HE ◽

C. TIAN

Keyword(s):

Electron Transport ◽

Low Temperature ◽

Temperature Stress ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Tca Cycle ◽

Low Temperature Stress ◽

Mycorrhizal Symbiosis ◽

Transport Pathway ◽

Expression Of Genes

SUMMARYLow-temperature stress is an important environmental factor that severely disrupts plant respiration but can be alleviated by symbiotic arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). In the current study, a pot experiment was performed to determine changes in the respiratory metabolic capacity of mycorrhizal rice (Oryza sativa) under low-temperature stress. The results demonstrated that low temperature might accelerate the biosynthesis of strigolactone in mycorrhizal rice roots by triggering the expression of genes for the synthesis of strigolactone, which acted as a host stress response signal. In addition, AMF prompted the host tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle by enhancing pyruvate metabolism, up-regulating the expression of genes of the TCA cycle under low-temperature stress and affecting the electron transport chain. The alternative oxidase pathway might be the main electron transport pathway in non-mycorrhizal rice under stress, while the cytochrome c oxidase (COX) pathway might be the predominant pathway in arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis. Mycorrhizal rice also had higher adenosine triphosphate production to maintain the natural status of respiration under stress conditions, which resulted in improved root growth status and alleviated low-temperature stress.

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Improved photosynthetic efficacy of maize ( Zea mays ) plants with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) under high temperature stress

Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B Biology ◽

10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2018.02.002 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 180 ◽

pp. 149-154 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Sonal Mathur ◽

Mahaveer P. Sharma ◽

Anjana Jajoo

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

High Temperature ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Temperature Stress ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

High Temperature Stress

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Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculation on osmoregulation and antioxidant responses of blueberry plants

Bangladesh Journal of Botany ◽

10.3329/bjb.v48i3.47942 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 48 (3) ◽

pp. 641-647 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jia-Le Tu ◽

Xiao-Min Liu ◽

Jia-Xin Xiao

Keyword(s):

Low Temperature ◽

Temperature Stress ◽

Soluble Sugar ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Am Fungi ◽

Low Temperature Stress ◽

Vaccinium Ashei ◽

Antioxidant Responses ◽

Antioxidant Content ◽

Mycorrhizal Inoculation

Effects of the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, Glomus mosseae, G. intraradices, and G. etunicatum, on plant growth, antioxidant content, osmoregulation, and nutrition were investigated in ‘Premier’ blueberry (Vaccinium ashei) plants exposed to low-temperature stress. Low temperature decreased mycorrhizal colonization, growth, levels of leaf soluble sugar, ascorbic acid (ASA) and root viability. However, at low temperatures, levels of leaf superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) were found to increase, accompanied by increases in levels of ASA, malondialdehyde (MDA), and proline. G. mosseae especially, significantly increased levels of SOD, POD, CAT and ASA, but decreased levels of MDA in plants. AM-inoculated plants had higher contents of proline, soluble sugar, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium than non-AM-inoculated plants, especially in the G. mosseae-inoculated plants. These results indicate that G. mosseae has the potential to enhance resistance of ‘Premier’ blueberry plants against low-temperature stress through improving antioxidant content, osmotic adjustment and mineral nutrition.

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Effect of Different Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Growth and Physiology of Maize at Ambient and Low Temperature Regimes

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1155/2014/956141 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Xiaoying Chen ◽

Fengbin Song ◽

Fulai Liu ◽

Chunjie Tian ◽

Shengqun Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Low Temperature ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Soluble Sugar ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Black Soil ◽

Root Shoot Ratio ◽

Temperature Regimes ◽

Maize Plants

The effect of four different arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on the growth and lipid peroxidation, soluble sugar, proline contents, and antioxidant enzymes activities ofZea maysL. was studied in pot culture subjected to two temperature regimes. Maize plants were grown in pots filled with a mixture of sandy and black soil for 5 weeks, and then half of the plants were exposed to low temperature for 1 week while the rest of the plants were grown under ambient temperature and severed as control. Different AMF resulted in different root colonization and low temperature significantly decreased AM colonization. Low temperature remarkably decreased plant height and total dry weight but increased root dry weight and root-shoot ratio. The AM plants had higher proline content compared with the non-AM plants. The maize plants inoculated withGlomus etunicatumandG. intraradiceshad higher malondialdehyde and soluble sugar contents under low temperature condition. The activities of catalase (CAT) and peroxidase of AM inoculated maize were higher than those of non-AM ones. Low temperature noticeably decreased the activities of CAT. The results suggest that low temperature adversely affects maize physiology and AM symbiosis can improve maize seedlings tolerance to low temperature stress.

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