Color signals of bee‐pollinated flowers: the significance of natural leaf background

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda E. Martins ◽  
Montserrat Arista ◽  
Leonor Patricia Cerdeira Morellato ◽  
Maria Gabriela G. Camargo
Keyword(s):  
Color Signals ◽  
Natural Leaf

scholarly journals Physical and Mechanical Properties of Natural Leaf Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Polyester Composites

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1369
Author(s):  
Sanjeev Kumar ◽  
Lalta Prasad ◽  
Vinay Kumar Patel ◽  
Virendra Kumar ◽  
Anil Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Synthetic Fibre ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Fibre Length ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Natural Fibres ◽  
Risk Environment ◽  
Insulation Property ◽  
Natural Leaf

In recent times, demand for light weight and high strength materials fabricated from natural fibres has increased tremendously. The use of natural fibres has rapidly increased due to their high availability, low density, and renewable capability over synthetic fibre. Natural leaf fibres are easy to extract from the plant (retting process is easy), which offers high stiffness, less energy consumption, less health risk, environment friendly, and better insulation property than the synthetic fibre-based composite. Natural leaf fibre composites have low machining wear with low cost and excellent performance in engineering applications, and hence established as superior reinforcing materials compared to other plant fibres. In this review, the physical and mechanical properties of different natural leaf fibre-based composites are addressed. The influences of fibre loading and fibre length on mechanical properties are discussed for different matrices-based composite materials. The surface modifications of natural fibre also play a crucial role in improving physical and mechanical properties regarding composite materials due to improved fibre/matrix adhesion. Additionally, the present review also deals with the effect of silane-treated leaf fibre-reinforced thermoset composite, which play an important role in enhancing the mechanical and physical properties of the composites.

The Design of Color Signals and Color Vision in Fishes

2008 ◽  
pp. 194-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Justin Marshall ◽  
Misha Vorobyev
Keyword(s):  
Color Vision ◽  
Color Signals

Moringa oleifera: Natural leaf extract with potential anti-cancerous effect on A549 lung cancer cells

Lung Cancer ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 77 ◽  
pp. S22 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Dany ◽  
N. Madi ◽  
N. Nemer ◽  
M. Beyrouthy ◽  
S. Abdoun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Lung Cancer Cells ◽  
Natural Leaf ◽  
A549 Lung

Fully compatible EDTV for improving both Y and color signals by using a single new subcarrier

1988 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 469-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Fukinuki ◽  
Y. Hirano ◽  
H. Yoshigi ◽  
N. Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Color Signals

scholarly journals Investigation of Antimicrobial Activity of DBD Air Plasma-Treated Banana Fabric Coated with Natural Leaf Extracts

ACS Omega ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (30) ◽  
pp. 19034-19049
Author(s):  
Mona Vajpayee ◽  
Mumal Singh ◽  
Lalita Ledwani ◽  
Ram Prakash ◽  
Sudhir Kumar Nema
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Air Plasma ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Natural Leaf

scholarly journals Dismantling of Arabidopsis thaliana mesophyll cell chloroplasts during natural leaf senescence

Plant Biology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. M. Evans ◽  
A. M. Rus ◽  
E. M. Belanger ◽  
M. Kimoto ◽  
J. A. Brusslan
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Leaf Senescence ◽  
Mesophyll Cell ◽  
Natural Leaf

scholarly journals Self-recognition, color signals, and cycles of greenbeard mutualism and altruism

2006 ◽  
Vol 103 (19) ◽  
pp. 7372-7377 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Sinervo ◽  
A. Chaine ◽  
J. Clobert ◽  
R. Calsbeek ◽  
L. Hazard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Self Recognition ◽  
Color Signals

scholarly journals SAUR49 Can Positively Regulate Leaf Senescence by Suppressing SSPP in Arabidopsis

2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 644-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zewen Wen ◽  
Yuanyuan Mei ◽  
Jie Zhou ◽  
Yanjiao Cui ◽  
Dan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Senescence ◽  
Protein Phosphatase ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Transcript Level ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Environmental Signals ◽  
Receptor Like Kinase ◽  
Premature Leaf Senescence ◽  
Natural Leaf ◽  
Two Hybrid

Abstract The involvement of SMALL AUXIN-UP RNA (SAUR) proteins in leaf senescence has been more and more acknowledged, but the detailed mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, we performed yeast two-hybrid assays and identified SAUR49 as an interactor of SENESCENCE SUPPRESSED PROTEIN PHOSPHATASE (SSPP), which is a PP2C protein phosphatase that negatively regulates Arabidopsis leaf senescence by suppressing the leucine-rich repeat receptor-like protein kinase SENESCENCE-ASSOCIATED RECEPTOR-LIKE KINASE (SARK), as reported previously by our group. The interaction between SAUR49 and SSPP was further confirmed in planta. Functional characterization revealed that SAUR49 is a positive regulator of leaf senescence. The accumulation level of SAUR49 protein increased during natural leaf senescence in Arabidopsis. The transcript level of SAUR49 was upregulated during SARK-induced premature leaf senescence but downregulated during SSPP-mediated delayed leaf senescence. Overexpression of SAUR49 significantly accelerated both natural and dark-induced leaf senescence in Arabidopsis. More importantly, SAUR49 overexpression completely reversed SSPP-induced delayed leaf senescence. In addition, overexpression of SAUR49 reversed the decreased plasma membrane H+-ATPase activity mediated by SSPP. Taken together, the results showed that SAUR49 functions in accelerating the leaf senescence process via the activation of SARK-mediated leaf senescence signaling by suppressing SSPP. We further identified four other SSPP-interacting SAURs, SAUR30, SAUR39, SAUR41 and SAUR72, that may act redundantly with SAUR49 in regulating leaf senescence. All these observations indicated that certain members of the SAUR family may serve as an important hub that integrates various hormonal and environmental signals with senescence signals in Arabidopsis.

scholarly journals Male characteristics as predictors of genital color and display variation in vervet monkeys

2020 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirjam M. I. Young ◽  
Sandra Winters ◽  
Christopher Young ◽  
Brigitte M. Weiß ◽  
Jolyon Troscianko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Color Variation ◽  
Male Dominance ◽  
Primate Species ◽  
Vervet Monkeys ◽  
Color Analysis ◽  
Visual Modeling ◽  
Modeling Methods ◽  
Chlorocebus Pygerythrus ◽  
Color Signals ◽  
Behavioral Display

Abstract In the animal kingdom, conspicuous colors are often used for inter- and intra-sexual communication. Even though primates are the most colorful mammalian taxon, many questions, including what potential information color signals communicate to social partners, are not fully understood. Vervet monkeys (Chlorocebus pygerythrus) are ideal to examine the covariates of color signals. Males have multi-colored genitals, which they present during distinctive male-male interactions, known as the “Red-White-and-Blue” (RWB) display, but the genitals are also visible across a variety of other contexts, and it is unclear what this color display signals to recipients. We recorded genital color presentations and standardized digital photos of male genitals (N = 405 photos) over one mating season for 20 adult males in three groups at the Samara Private Game Reserve, South Africa. We combined these with data on male characteristics (dominance, age, tenure length, injuries, and fecal glucocorticoid metabolite concentrations). Using visual modeling methods, we measured single colors (red, white, blue) but also the contrasts between colors. We assessed the frequency of the RWB genital display and male variation in genital coloration and linked this to male characteristics. Our data suggest that the number of genital displays increased with male dominance. However, none of the variables investigated explained the inter- and intra-individual variation in male genital coloration. These results suggest that the frequency of the RWB genital display, but not its color value, is related to dominance, providing valuable insights on covariation in color signals and their display in primates. Significance statement Conspicuous colors in animals often communicate individual quality to mates and rivals. By investigating vervet monkeys, a primate species in which males present their colorful genitals within several behavioral displays, we aim to identify the covariates of such colorful signals and their behavioral display. Using visual modeling methods for the color analysis and combining behavioral display data and color data with male characteristics, we found that high-ranking males displayed their colorful genitals more frequently than lower-ranking ones. In contrast, color variation was not influenced by male dominance, age, tenure length, or health. Our results can serve as a basis for future investigations on the function of colorful signals and behavioral displays, such as a badge of status or mate choice in primates.

Three-Dimensional Spectrum and Processing of Digital NTSC Color Signals

SMPTE Journal ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 372-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Dubois ◽  
M. S. Sabri ◽  
J.-Y. Ouellet
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Spectrum ◽  
Color Signals
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