Relationship between socioeconomic status, exposure to airborne pollutants, and chronic rhinosinusitis disease severity

Although the etiology of chronic rhinosinusitis remains unknown, environmental factors including airborne pollutants and toxicants are postulated to contribute to its pathogenesis. However, the precise pathomechanisms with which environmental toxicants may contribute to chronic rhinosinusitis are not fully understood. The purpose of this pilot study is to examine the cytotoxic effects of N,N-diethyl- meta-toluamide (DEET), a commonly used pesticide, on sinonasal epithelial cells (SNECs). Sinus mucosa was obtained from 3 subjects without a history of chronic rhinosinusitis. Cultured SNECs were exposed to various concentrations of DEET (0-5 mM) for 6 days. Cell viability, proliferation, and morphologic changes were assessed using the MTT colorimetric dye assay and the Incucyte Live Cell Monitoring System. Statistically significant dose-dependent reduction in cell viability and proliferation was observed between exposure and control groups ( P < .05) at all concentrations tested. Dose-dependent cellular morphological changes were also seen. These findings indicate that DEET exposure induces dose-dependent cytotoxicity in sinonasal epithelia.

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JAK2 Phosphorylation Signals and Their Associated Cytokines Involved in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps and Correlated with Disease Severity

Biomolecules ◽

10.3390/biom11071059 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 1059

Author(s):

Yu-Tsai Lin ◽

Wei-Chih Chen ◽

Ming-Hsien Tsai ◽

Jing-Ying Chen ◽

Chih-Yen Chien ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽

Disease Severity ◽

Nasal Polyps ◽

Inflammatory Diseases ◽

Janus Kinase ◽

Sinus Surgery ◽

Control Group ◽

Jak2 Inhibitor ◽

Ifn Γ ◽

Snot 22

Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) is a member of the JAK family that transduces cytokine-mediated signals via the JAKs/STATs (signal transducer and activator of transcription proteins) pathway, which plays an important role in many inflammatory diseases. This study investigates the association of p-JAK2 and JAK2-associated cytokines from nasal polyp (NP) tissue with disease severity, and evaluates the p-JAK2-mediated STATs in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with NP. Sixty-one CRSwNP patients with nasal polyps undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery were enrolled, while the turbinate tissues from 26 nasal obstruction patients were examined as the control group. Elevated levels of p-JAK2 were detected in CRSwNP, and significantly correlated with scores of disease severity (LMK-CT, TPS, and SNOT-22). Expressions of the JAK2-associated cytokines, such as IL-5, IL-6, IL-13, G-CSF, and IFN-γ were significantly higher in CRSwNP than in the controls, while the levels of IL-5, IL-6, IL-13, or G-CSF had positive correlation with scores of disease severity. Moreover, markedly increased expression of p-STAT3 in CRSwNP was observed relative to the control. Taken together, these data showed that the JAK2-associated cytokines including IL-6 and G-CSF may stimulate JAK2 phosphorylation to activate p-STAT3, indicating an association with disease severity and supporting its development of JAK2 inhibitor as a potential therapeutic agent for CRS.

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Socioeconomic status impacts postoperative productivity loss and health utility changes in refractory chronic rhinosinusitis

International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology ◽

10.1002/alr.22374 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. 1000-1009

Author(s):

Daniel M. Beswick ◽

Jess C. Mace ◽

Zachary M. Soler ◽

Luke Rudmik ◽

Jeremiah A. Alt ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Socioeconomic Status ◽

Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽

Productivity Loss ◽

Health Utility

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Discriminant analysis followed by unsupervised cluster analysis including exosomal cystatins predict presence of chronic rhinosinusitis, phenotype, and disease severity

International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology ◽

10.1002/alr.22380 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. 1069-1076 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Michelle M. Miyake ◽

Alan D. Workman ◽

Angela L. Nocera ◽

Dawei Wu ◽

Sarina K. Mueller ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cluster Analysis ◽

Discriminant Analysis ◽

Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽

Disease Severity ◽

Unsupervised Cluster ◽

Unsupervised Cluster Analysis

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Vitamin D deficiency are associated with subjective disease severity in Chinese patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps

American Journal of Otolaryngology ◽

10.1016/j.amjoto.2018.09.003 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 40 (1) ◽

pp. 36-39 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Feng Wang ◽

Yang Yang ◽

Haihong Chen

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽

Disease Severity ◽

Nasal Polyps ◽

Chinese Patients

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Clinical Examination of Tissue Eosinophilia in Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyposis

Otolaryngology ◽

10.1177/0194599816637856 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 155 (1) ◽

pp. 173-178 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Sarah A. Gitomer ◽

Cynthia R. Fountain ◽

Todd T. Kingdom ◽

Anne E. Getz ◽

Stefan H. Sillau ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽

Disease Severity ◽

Severe Asthma ◽

Case Series ◽

Medication Usage ◽

Mucosal Disease ◽

Tissue Eosinophilia ◽

Chronic Corticosteroid ◽

Histopathologic Findings ◽

Tissue Eosinophil

Objective (1) Describe clinical and histopathologic findings in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). (2) Determine if tissue and serum eosinophilia predicts disease severity in CRSwNP. Study Design Case series with chart review. Setting Academic hospital specializing in respiratory and allergic disease. Subjects Patients with CRSwNP treated from 2008 to 2010. Methods Clinical data were collected; sinus computed tomography (CT) scans were scored according to the Lund-Mackay system; and surgical specimens were evaluated for degree of tissue eosinophilia. Statistical analysis was performed to compare eosinophilia with indicators of disease severity. Results Seventy CRSwNP patients were included, with a mean Lund-Mackay score of 16.7; 62.1% of patients had severe asthma, and 62.9% were aspirin sensitive. Elevated tissue eosinophil level did not correlate with medication usage, olfactory symptoms, or Lund-Mackay scores, nor did it correlate with presence of asthma or aspirin-sensitivity (P = .09). Patients with mild asthma had significantly more tissue eosinophils versus patients with severe asthma, possibly because of the high amount of chronic corticosteroid use in severe asthmatics. There was no correlation between tissue and serum eosinophil counts (P = .97), but there was a significant positive correlation between CT score and peripheral eosinophil level (P < .05). Conclusions Higher serum eosinophil levels may indicate more extensive mucosal disease as measured on CT scan. Neither serum nor tissue eosinophilia predicted disease severity in our retrospective analysis of CRSwNP patients, and serum eosinophil level did not serve as a marker of tissue eosinophilia.

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