scholarly journals Sex Determination According to the Lengths of Hand Bones in Rhesus Macaques (Macaca Mulatta )

2017 ◽  
Vol 300 (10) ◽  
pp. 1741-1746
Author(s):  
Huaxiang Tian ◽  
Xiaojin Zhao ◽  
Fengxia Hu ◽  
Haiyang Hu
Keyword(s):  
Sex Determination ◽  
Macaca Mulatta ◽  
Rhesus Macaques ◽  
Hand Bones

scholarly journals Determination of sex of sacrum in adult Macaca mulatta1

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan-Mei Wang ◽  
Xiao-Fan Han ◽  
Xiao-Jin Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Sex Determination ◽  
Macaca Mulatta ◽  
Rhesus Macaques ◽  
Articular Surface ◽  
The Other ◽  
Transverse Diameter ◽  
Two Indices

[Abstract]BackgroundSacrum being a part of pelvis is an important bone for identification of sex in both living primates and fossil ones.AimAim of this work was to examine the sex differences of sacral parameters in rhesus macaques and to compare with those of the other primates.Materials and MethodsFifty-six adult scara of macaques (17 males and 39 females) have been investigated. Measurement of various parameters was done using sliding vernier calliper; and statistical analysis was done using SPSS 23.0 package.ResultsThe present study showed that the cranial breadth of the sacrum, the sacral length, transverse diameter and sagittal diameter of the cranial articular surface, and two indices of relative sacral breadth were highly significant for sex determination in Macaca mulatta. Comparison of the present data with other studies suggest that sex determination of sacrum can be very different in various types of primates.ConclusionThe results suggest that these measures may be functionally integrated in response to locomotion, obstetric adequacy and cephalopelvic proportions in primates. Sacral index is more reliable and should be applied for sex determination of sacrum in various anatomical and anthropological investigations.

Genetic polymorphism of dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) gene in ten Indian rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta mulatta)

Meta Gene ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 100891
Author(s):  
Sanjoy Kumar Chatterjee ◽  
Suniti Yadav ◽  
Kallur Nava Saraswathy ◽  
Prakash Ranjan Mondal
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Polymorphism ◽  
Dopamine Receptor ◽  
Macaca Mulatta ◽  
Rhesus Macaques ◽  
Drd4 Gene ◽  
Dopamine Receptor D4

scholarly journals The safety and efficacy of BCG encapsulated alginate particle (BEAP) against M.tb H37Rv infection in Macaca mulatta : A pilot study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashwani Kesarwani ◽  
Parul Sahu ◽  
Kshama Jain ◽  
Prakriti Sinha ◽  
K. Varsha Mohan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Macaca Mulatta ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
Rhesus Macaques ◽  
Allergic Response ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Activated T Cells ◽  
Primate Model ◽  
Safety And Efficacy

AbstractDue to the limited utility of Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG), the only approved vaccine available for tuberculosis, there is a need to develop a more effective and safe vaccine. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of a dry powder aerosol (DPA) formulation of BCG encapsulated alginate particle (BEAP) and the conventional intradermal BCG immunization in infant rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta). The infant macaques were immunized intratracheally with DPA of BEAP into the lungs. Animals were monitored for their growth, behaviour, any adverse and allergic response. The protective efficacy of BEAP was estimated by the ex-vivo H37Rv infection method. Post-immunization with BEAP, granulocytes count, weight gain, chest radiography, levels of liver secreted enzymes, cytokines associated with inflammation like TNF and IL-6 established that BEAP is non-toxic and it does not elicit an allergic response. The T cells isolated from BEAP immunized animals’ blood, upon stimulation with M.tb antigen, secreted high levels of IFN-γ, TNF, IL-6 and IL-2. The activated T cells from BEAP group, when co-cultured with M.tb infected macrophages, eliminated largest number of infected macrophages compared to the BCG and control group. This study suggests the safety and efficacy of BEAP in Non-human primate model.

Infant handling enhances social bonds in free-ranging rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta)

Behaviour ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 154 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 875-907 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica S. Dunayer ◽  
Carol M. Berman
Keyword(s):  
Macaca Mulatta ◽  
Social Bonds ◽  
Rhesus Macaques ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Fitness Effects ◽  
Early Handling ◽  
Infant Handling ◽  
Free Ranging ◽  
The Relationship

Throughout the primate order, individuals are highly motivated to handle infants that are not their own. Given the differing and often conflicting interests of the various participants in handling interactions (handler, infant, and mother), most functional hypotheses are specific to particular handling roles. Here we explore one hypothesis that may apply to all participants, but that has received relatively little attention: that handling may facilitate the formation and maintenance of social bonds. Using free-ranging rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) on Cayo Santiago, we examine the relationship between infant handling in the early weeks and the strength and diversity of infant social bonds months later, when infant relationships were more independent from those of their mothers. Our results largely confirm the influence of several social characteristics (kinship, rank, sex, and age) in governing handling interactions. They also provide the first evidence that early handling is associated with later social bonds that are stronger than expected based on these social characteristics. However, the enhancement of bonds is largely confined to related handlers; frequent unrelated handlers did not generally go on to form strong bonds with infants. This suggests that kinship may be a sort of prerequisite to the enhancement of social bonds via handling. Given the adaptive benefits of strong social bonds among adult primates, future research should investigate whether early infant handling may have longer term fitness effects.

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