A feasibility study of the use of reactive tracers to determine outdoor daytime OH radical concentrations within the urban environment

Nowadays there is a renewed interest in city parks as recreational oases providing tranquillity and balancing out urban processes. This paper reviews characteristic features of city parks situated in an urban environment, presents comparative characteristics of exceptional parks, and summarizes the development of city parks in Lithuania in the 20th century. Within this context a feasibility study of the central park in S˘iauliai is presented, focussing on the task of clearly distinguishing the park’s borders during its moderate urbanization and preserving the park in the process of integration of its urban neighbourhood, meanwhile improving the park’s composition and service infrastructure. The paper analyses the park’s territory as an element of urban structure: position within the green city structure and the system of green spaces; arrangement of the green space in the overall city structure (hierarchy of values of urban structure elements), degree of its integration; transformations of the park’s territory; analysis of the current situation and suggestions. Santrauka Šiuo metu vėl pradėta gręžtis į miestuose esančius parkus kaip gyventojų poilsio, ramybės bei savotiškos atsvaros urbanizaciniams procesams oazes. Straipsnyje apžvelgiami miestų parkų urbanizuotoje aplinkoje ypatumai, pateikiama išskirtų parkų lyginamoji charakteristika, apžvelgiama Lietuvos miesto parkų evoliucija XX a. Šios informacijos fone pristatoma Šiaulių miesto centrinio parko galimybių studija, kurioje iškeltas uždavinys nuosaikiai urbanizuojant teritoriją aiškiai išskirti parko ribas bei kaip nepakenkti esančiam parkui integruoti urbanizacinį kaimyną, kartu pagerinant paties parko kompoziciją bei paslaugų infrastruktūrą. Pateikiama parko teritorijos analizė kaip urbanistinės struktūros elemento tyrimas: miesto gamtiniame karkase ir žaliųjų plotų sistemoje; žaliosios erdvės rangas bendrojoje miesto struktūroje (urbanistinės struktūros elementų vertybinė hierarchija), jos integracijos laipsnis; parko teritorijos transformacijos; esamos padėties analizė bei siūlymai.

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Is there a role for telemedicine in an urban environment?

Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare ◽

10.1258/1357633971930832 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 3 (1_suppl) ◽

pp. 15-17 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

R M Harrison ◽

W Clayton ◽

P Wallace

Keyword(s):

Patient Satisfaction ◽

Urban Environment ◽

General Practitioners ◽

Feasibility Study ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Technical Performance

Semi-structured interviews were carried out to determine the expectations of potential participants in a feasibility study of teleconsulting. General practitioners produced high positive scores in all areas. Hospital consultants produced high scores but were more critical of technical performance and administrative arrangements. Patient satisfaction with teleconsulting was generally good. The results suggested that teleconsulting was both feasible and acceptable to the users.

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Feasibility Study of Tetracycline Removal by Ozonation Equipped with an Ultrafine-Bubble Compressor

Water ◽

10.3390/w13081058 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (8) ◽

pp. 1058

Author(s):

Chikang Wang ◽

Chien-Yu Lin ◽

Guan-Yun Liao

Keyword(s):

Cell Viability ◽

Organic Compounds ◽

Feasibility Study ◽

Oxidation Mechanism ◽

Oh Radicals ◽

Oh Radical ◽

Operational Cost ◽

Reaction Parameters ◽

Radical Oxidation ◽

Animal Care

In this study, a combination of an ozone gas producer and an ultrafine-bubble compressor was used to degrade tetracycline, which is a well-known antibiotic and medicine commonly used in human and animal care, and effects of varying the reaction parameters were studied. Experiments indicate that each gram of introducing ozone can degrade 2.72 g of tetracycline at pH 3 and 1.48 g at pH 11. However, basic conditions contribute to increased mineralization of tetracycline because of the ·OH radical oxidation mechanism. Higher reaction temperatures and higher ozone dosages enhance the reactivity between the ozone molecules, ·OH radicals, and tetracycline, resulting in a decline in the toxicity of the tetracycline solution as measured by cell viability. The mineralization of organic compounds is the key to decreasing the toxicity of the solution. Ultrafine-bubble ozonation can provide homogeneity of gas bubbles in solution hence it not only reduces the requirement of ozone and thus the operational cost of the reaction, but also extends the efficacy of the method to the treatment of solutions with high tetracycline concentrations.

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