The Spreading of Alternatives: Is it the Perceived Choice or Actual Choice that Changes our Preference?

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 484-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiayi Luo ◽  
Rongjun Yu
Keyword(s):  
Actual Choice ◽  
Spreading Of Alternatives ◽  
Perceived Choice

scholarly journals Oversized Area Indications on Bonus Packs Fail to Affect Consumers’ Transactional Decisions—More Experimental Evidence on the Mars Case

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. P. Purnhagen ◽  
E. van Herpen ◽  
S. Kamps ◽  
F. Michetti
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Current Paper ◽  
Legal Interpretation ◽  
Eu Legislation ◽  
Behavioural Research ◽  
Actual Choice ◽  
Unfair Commercial Practices Directive ◽  
Legal Sense ◽  
The Way

AbstractFindings from behavioural research are gaining increased interest in EU legislation, specifically in the area of unfair commercial practices. Prior research on the Mars case (Purnhagen and van Herpen 2017) has left open whether empirical evidence can provide an indication that this practice of using oversized indications of additional volume alters the transactional decision of consumers. This, however, is required to determine the “misleadingness” of such a practice in the legal sense as stipulated by the Unfair Commercial Practices Directive 2005/29/EC. The current paper closes this gap by illustrating how behavioural research can inform legal interpretation. In particular, it extends the previous research in two important ways: first, by examining the actual choice that people make; and second, by investigating whether the effects remain present in a context where a comparison product is available. Yet, while supporting and extending the findings of the study from Purnhagen and van Herpen (2017) on deceptiveness, the current study could not produce empirical evidence of a clear influence on the transactional decision of consumers, in the way “UCPD” requires.

Modeling Choice Between Competing Technologies

2018 ◽  
pp. 177-209
Author(s):  
Miguel I. Aguirre-Urreta ◽  
George M. Marakas
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
Limited Attention ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Business Professionals ◽  
The Past ◽  
Actual Choice ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Competing Technologies

Even though there is a rich and extensive literature on the individual adoption of technologies, limited attention has been placed on the choice of one among competing alternatives, which the authors posit as an essential antecedent to the individual acceptance decision that has been considered in the past. In this chapter, they compare two levels at which the choice can be made—expectations and intentions—and then review and contrast four different comparison mechanisms that can integrate the evaluations made at each level as predictive of actual choice. These were investigated by asking business professionals to assess and evaluate technologies for potential adoption within their domain of expertise, and then a second study was conducted to further validate the results thus obtained. The authors also extensively discuss the implications of this research for future work on the processes leading to adoption of information technologies.

scholarly journals Definition of Reference Models for Power, Weight, Working Width, and Price for Seeding Machines

Agriculture ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatevik Yezekyan ◽  
Francesco Marinello ◽  
Giannantonio Armentano ◽  
Samuele Trestini ◽  
Luigi Sartori
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
List Price ◽  
Power Weight ◽  
Technical Parameters ◽  
Functional Parameters ◽  
Fleet Composition ◽  
Reference Equations ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Perceived Choice

Machine functional parameters define fleet composition and management and, thus, play an important role in economic and environmental performance. Large availability of programming methods and decision support systems are available in the market, however, there is still a lack of applicative tools to forecast the perceived and necessary technical parameters and machinery price options to complete tasks. In the current research, most correlated functional parameters for four group of seeding machines were determined with the application of linear and multiple linear regression analyses. Power, weight, working width, number of rows, and list price were studied, and reference equations were developed for seed drills, precision, combined and no-tillage planters. Two statistical analyses models were, therefore, developed for each of the groups in order to allow evaluation and prediction of performance and cost, thus contributing to the selection process optimisation and perceived choice of the needed implement.

scholarly journals No evidence of inbreeding avoidance in a polygynous ungulate: the reindeer ( Rangifer tarandus )

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Øystein Holand ◽  
Kjartan R Askim ◽  
Knut H Røed ◽  
Robert B Weladji ◽  
Hallvard Gjøstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mate Choice ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Female Mate Choice ◽  
Inbreeding Avoidance ◽  
Mating Partner ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Mating Group ◽  
Fitness Consequences ◽  
Actual Choice

In polygynous species, mate choice is an integrated part of sexual selection. However, whether mate choice occurs independently of the genetic relatedness among mating pairs has received little attention, although inbreeding may have fitness consequences. We studied whether genetic relatedness influenced females' choice of partner in a highly polygynous ungulate—the reindeer ( Rangifer tarandus )—in an experimental herd during two consecutive rutting seasons; the herd consisting of 75 females in 1999 and 74 females in 2000 was exposed to three 4.5-year-old adults and three 1.5-year-old young males, respectively. The females' distribution during peak rut was not influenced by their genetic relatedness with the dominant males of the mating groups. Further, genetic relatedness did not influence the actual choice of mating partner. We conclude that inbreeding avoidance through mating group choice as well as choice of mating partner, two interconnected processes of female mate choice operating at two different scales in space and time, in such a highly female-biased reindeer populations with low level of inbreeding may not occur.

Effects of intuitive judgments on consumer assortment evaluations

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 137-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yolande Piris ◽  
Nathalie Guibert
Keyword(s):  
Decision Process ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Product Category ◽  
Purchase Intentions ◽  
Decision Processes ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Product Categories ◽  
Intuitive Judgments ◽  
Perceived Choice

Purpose – This paper aims to apply intuition theory to clarify consumers’ assortment evaluations. For each decision process, this paper explores how perceptions of organization and variety influence consumers’ attitudes and purchase intentions. Design/methodology/approach – In total, 504 observations were collected across three product categories. Perceived choice, time and expertise in the product category provide proxies to distinguish between intuitive and deliberative systems. The intuitive system further consists of intuition based on either expertise or heuristics. Findings – It was revealed that distinct decision processes (deliberative, intuitive based on expertise and intuitive based on heuristics) affect the link between assortment perceptions and consumers’ assortment evaluations. Consumers’ evaluations in deliberative- and heuristic-based intuitive systems rely more on perceptions of organization than of variety; whereas intuitive judgments based on expertise depend almost equally on both perceptions. Research limitations/implications – Some limitations have to be underlined. The approximations used could be more precise and are subjective in nature. Moreover, the ordinary product categories that were studied might encourage more intuitive decisions by consumers. If so, the deliberative mode of thinking might have been underrepresented in this sample. Originality/value – Despite the limitations, this research is, to our knowledge, the first to explore the influence of intuition theory on ordinary shopping and in particular on assortment perception. As such, it contributes to a deeper understanding of this theory in the field.

Caregiving Choice and Caregiver-Receiver Relation: Effects on Psychological Well-being of Family Caregivers in Canada

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 634-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lun Li ◽  
Yeonjung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Interaction Effect ◽  
General Social Survey ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Moderation Effect ◽  
Being There ◽  
Perceived Choice

ABSTRACTThe psychological well-being of family caregivers is influenced by their relations with care receivers, and whether they have choice in becoming a caregiver. Limited study has explored the interaction effect of caregiver-receiver relations and caregiving choice on caregivers’ psychological well-being. This study examines whether the caregiver’s perceived choice moderates the association between caregiver-receiver relation and psychological well-being. Using population-based data from the 2012 Canada General Social Survey – Caregiving and Care Receiving (n = 5,285), this study applies regression and ANCOVA analyses. Results show family caregivers for spouses and children report significantly worse psychological well-being, whereas having choice to become a caregiver is associated with better psychological well-being. There was a significant moderation effect of caregiving choice on the association between caregiver-receiver relation and psychological well-being. Findings suggest that more services should be targeted for family caregivers without choice for caregiving as well as those who provide care for their children.

This Isn’t the Free Will Worth Looking For

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew E. Monroe ◽  
Garrett L. Brady ◽  
Bertram F. Malle
Keyword(s):  
Free Will ◽  
Moral Judgment ◽  
Moral Behavior ◽  
Moral Judgments ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Perceived Choice ◽  
The Relationship

According to previous research, threatening people’s belief in free will may undermine moral judgments and behavior. Four studies tested this claim. Study 1 used a Velten technique to threaten people’s belief in free will and found no effects on moral behavior, judgments of blame, and punishment decisions. Study 2 used six different threats to free will and failed to find effects on judgments of blame and wrongness. Study 3 found no effects on moral judgment when manipulating general free will beliefs but found strong effects when manipulating the perceived choice capacity of the judged agent. Study 4 used pretested narratives that varied agents’ apparent free will and found that perceived choice capacity mediated the relationship between free will and blame. These results suggest that people’s general beliefs about whether free will exists have no impact on moral judgments but specific judgments about the agent’s choice capacity do.

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