Anaerobic methanethiol degradation and methanogenic community analysis in an alkaline (pH 10) biological process for liquefied petroleum gas desulfurization

2008 ◽  
Vol 101 (4) ◽  
pp. 691-701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin C. van Leerdam ◽  
Monica Bonilla-Salinas ◽  
Frank A.M. de Bok ◽  
H. Bruning ◽  
Piet N.L. Lens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Process ◽  
Community Analysis ◽  
Alkaline Ph ◽  
Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽  
Methanogenic Community

Beyond the usual suspects: methanogenic communities in eastern North American peatlands are also influenced by nickel and copper concentrations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sydney E Bear ◽  
James D Seward ◽  
Louis Jamie Lamit ◽  
Nathan Basiliko ◽  
Tim Moore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Methanogenic Archaea ◽  
Community Analysis ◽  
Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Contaminated Sites ◽  
Methanogenic Community ◽  
Primary Driver ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Methyl Coenzyme M Reductase ◽  
Eastern Half

Abstract Peatlands both accumulate carbon and release methane, but their broad range in environmental conditions means that the diversity of microorganisms responsible for carbon cycling is still uncertain. Here we describe a community analysis of methanogenic archaea responsible for methane production in 17 peatlands from 36 to 53 N latitude across the eastern half of North America, including three metal-contaminated sites. Methanogenic community structure was analyzed through Illumina amplicon sequencing of the mcrA gene. Whether metal-contaminated sites were included or not, metal concentrations in peat were a primary driver of methanogenic community composition, particularly nickel, a trace element required in the F430 cofactor in methyl-coenzyme M reductase that is also toxic at high concentrations. Copper was also a strong predictor, likely due to inhibition at toxic levels and/or to cooccurrence with nickel, since copper enzymes are not known to be present in anaerobic archaea. The methanogenic groups Methanocellales and Methanosarcinales were prevalent in peatlands with low nickel concentrations, while Methanomicrobiales and Methanomassiliicoccales were abundant in peatlands with higher nickel concentrations. Results suggest that peat-associated trace metals are predictors of methanogenic communities in peatlands.

Dry anaerobic digestion of food waste under mesophilic conditions: Performance and methanogenic community analysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 131 ◽  
pp. 210-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Si-Kyung Cho ◽  
Wan-Taek Im ◽  
Dong-Hoon Kim ◽  
Moon-Hwan Kim ◽  
Hang-Sik Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Community Analysis ◽  
Methanogenic Community ◽  
Dry Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Mesophilic Conditions

scholarly journals The operational efficiency of a novel AnMBR treating antibiotic solvent wastewater in start-up stage

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 326-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongxue Hu ◽  
Yu Tian ◽  
Zhijiang Wang ◽  
Pan Wu ◽  
Peier Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Fatty Acid ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Biological Process ◽  
Community Analysis ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Microbial Community Analysis ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Over Time

The performance of a novel anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) for treating antibiotic solvent wastewater was investigated in the start-up stage. The removal efficiencies of the four tested antibiotics were over 90%, mainly attributed to the biological process. Volatile fatty acid increased along with anaerobic sludge acclimation. pH (mean value 7.5) and a (mean value 0.12) remained stable. Mixed liquid suspended solids and mixed liquor volatile suspended solids increased along with the sludge acclimation as well. The protein and polysaccharide in suspended sludge decreased, while the protein/polysaccharide in exopolysaccharides increased. Microbial community analysis showed the abundance of Methanosarcina spp. fluctuated over time and was finally stable at 17%. The abundance of Methanosaeta spp. increased significantly. There are two kinds of hydrogen producing methane producing microorganisms (Methanobacteriales and Methanomicrobiales) in AnMBR. Methanobacteriales was the dominant methanogenus. These results indicate that an AnMBR can effectively treat antibiotic solvent wastewater in the start-up period.

Assessing the ecosystem impact of scallop bottom culture through a community analysis and trophic modelling approach

2016 ◽  
Vol 547 ◽  
pp. 121-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
LC Kluger ◽  
MH Taylor ◽  
E Barriga Rivera ◽  
E Torres Silva ◽  
M Wolff
Keyword(s):  
Community Analysis ◽  
Bottom Culture ◽  
Modelling Approach

DEVELOPMENT OF THE COMBUSTION CHAMBER OF GAS ENGINE, CONVERTED ON THE BASIS OF DIESELS D-120 OR D-144 ENGINES TO WORK FOR ON LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS

2019 ◽  
pp. 2-8
Author(s):  
Serhii Kovalov
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Compression Ratio ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Motor Fuel ◽  
Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽  
Gas Engine ◽  
Chamber Volume ◽  
Motor Fuels ◽  
Dynamic Cycle

The expediency of using vehicles of liquefied petroleum gas as a motor fuel, as com-pared with traditional liquid motor fuels, in particular with diesel fuel, is shown. The advantages of converting diesel engines into gas ICEs with forced ignition with respect to conversion into gas diesel engines are substantiated. The analysis of methods for reducing the compression ratio in diesel engines when converting them into gas ICEs with forced ignition has been carried out. It is shown that for converting diesel engines into gas ICEs with forced ignition, it is advisable to use the Otto thermo-dynamic cycle with a decrease in the geometric degree of compression. The choice is grounded and an open combustion chamber in the form of an inverted axisymmetric “truncated cone” is developed. The proposed shape of the combustion chamber of a gas internal combustion engine for operation in the LPG reduces the geometric compression ratio of D-120 and D-144 diesel engines with an unseparated spherical combustion chamber, which reduces the geometric compression ratio from ε = 16,5 to ε = 9,4. The developed form of the combustion chamber allows the new diesel pistons or diesel pistons which are in operation to be in operation to be refined, instead of making special new gas pistons and to reduce the geometric compression ratio of diesel engines only by increasing the combustion chamber volume in the piston. This method of reducing the geometric degree of compression using conventional lathes is the most technologically advanced and cheap, as well as the least time consuming. Keywords: self-propelled chassis SSh-2540, wheeled tractors, diesel engines D-120 and D-144, gas engine with forced ignition, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), compression ratio of the internal com-bustion engine, vehicles operating in the LPG.

Analysis of LPG diffusion flame in tube type burner

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 5278-5293
Author(s):  
Vipul Patel ◽  
Rupesh Shah
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Flame ◽  
Emission Characteristic ◽  
Flame Stability ◽  
Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽  
Air Velocity ◽  
Length Fraction ◽  
Low Emission ◽  
Tube Type ◽  
Stability Limits ◽  
Co Emission

The present research aims to analyse diffusion flame in a tube type burner with Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) as a fuel. An experimental investigation is performed to study flame appearance, flame stability, Soot free length fraction (SFLF) and CO emission of LPG diffusion flame. Effects of varying air and fuel velocities are analysed to understand the physical process involved in combustion. SFLF is measured to estimate the reduction of soot. Stability limits of the diffusion flame are characterized by the blowoff velocity. Emission characteristic in terms of CO level is measured at different equivalence ratios. Experimental results show that the air and fuel velocity strongly influences the appearance of LPG diffusion flame. At a constant fuel velocity, blue zone increases and the luminous zone decreases with the increase in air velocity. It is observed that the SFLF increases with increasing air velocity at a constant fuel velocity. It is observed that the blowoff velocity of the diffusion flame increases as fuel velocity increases. Comparison of emission for flame with and without swirl indicates that swirl results in low emission of CO and higher flame stability. Swirler with 45° vanes achieved the lowest CO emission of 30 ppm at Φ = 1.3.

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