Leptin differentially regulates endochondral ossification in tibial and vertebral epiphyseal plates

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaomiao Li ◽  
Sheng Shi ◽  
Jianwei Chen ◽  
Guibin Zhong ◽  
Xinfeng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endochondral Ossification ◽  
Epiphyseal Plates

Investigations on skeletal growth zones via bone scans as base of determination of optimal time for surgery in mandibular asymmetry

2000 ◽  
Vol 39 (05) ◽  
pp. 121-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Werz ◽  
P. Reuland
Keyword(s):  
Bone Growth ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Tracer Uptake ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Mandibular Bone ◽  
The Third ◽  
Mandibular Asymmetry ◽  
Bone Scans ◽  
Epiphyseal Plates

Summary Aim of the study was to find out wether there is a common stop of growth of mandibular bone, so that no individual determination of the optimal time for surgery in patients with asymmetric mandibular bone growth is needed. As there are no epiphyseal plates in the mandibular bone, stop of growth cannot be determined on X-ray films. Methods: Bone scans of 731 patients [687 patients (324 male, 363 female) under 39 y for exact determination of end of growth and 44 (21 male, 23 female) patients over 40 y for evaluation of nongrowth dependant differences in tracer uptake] were reviewed for the study. All the patients were examined 3 hours after injection of 99mTc-DPD. Tracer uptake was measured by region of interest technique in different points of the mandibular bone and in several epiphyseal plates of extremities. Results: Tracer uptake in different epiphyseal plates of the extremities shows strong variation with age and good correlation with reported data of bone growth and closure of the epiphyseal plates. The relative maximum of bone activity is smaller in mandibular bone than in epiphyseal plates, which show well defined peaks, ending at 15-18 years in females and at 18-21 years in males. In contrast, mandibular bone shows no well defined end of growing but a gradually reduction of bone activity which remains higher than bone activity in epiphyseal plates over several years. Conclusion: No well defined end of growth of mandibular bone exists. The optimal age for surgery of asymmetric mandibular bone growth is not before the middle of the third decade of life, bone scans performed earlier for determination of bone growth can be omitted. Bone scans performed at the middle of the third decade of life help to optimize the time of surgical intervention.

Histology of epiphyseal cartilage calcification and endochondral ossification

10.2741/e526 ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol E4 (6) ◽  
pp. 2085-2100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norio Amizuka
Keyword(s):  
Endochondral Ossification ◽  
Epiphyseal Cartilage ◽  
Cartilage Calcification

scholarly journals Activation of β–catenin-LEF/TCF signal pathway in chondrocytes stimulates ectopic endochondral ossification

2003 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Kitagaki ◽  
M. Iwamoto ◽  
J.-G. Liu ◽  
Y. Tamamura ◽  
M. Pacifci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endochondral Ossification ◽  
Signal Pathway

scholarly journals PP2A in LepR+ mesenchymal stem cells contributes to embryonic and postnatal endochondral ossification through Runx2 dephosphorylation

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Ting Yen ◽  
May Chien ◽  
Pei-Yi Wu ◽  
Shih-Chieh Hung
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Density ◽  
Endochondral Ossification ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
Leptin Receptor ◽  
Trabecular Bone Density ◽  
Mature Adipocyte ◽  
Ossification Centers

AbstractIt has not been well studied which cells and related mechanisms contribute to endochondral ossification. Here, we fate mapped the leptin receptor-expressing (LepR+) mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in different embryonic and adult extremities using Lepr-cre; tdTomato mice and investigated the underling mechanism using Lepr-cre; Ppp2r1afl/fl mice. Tomato+ cells appear in the primary and secondary ossification centers and express the hypertrophic markers. Ppp2r1a deletion in LepR+ MSCs reduces the expression of Runx2, Osterix, alkaline phosphatase, collagen X, and MMP13, but increases that of the mature adipocyte marker perilipin, thereby reducing trabecular bone density and enhancing fat content. Mechanistically, PP2A dephosphorylates Runx2 and BRD4, thereby playing a major role in positively and negatively regulating osteogenesis and adipogenesis, respectively. Our data identify LepR+ MSC as the cell origin of endochondral ossification during embryonic and postnatal bone growth and suggest that PP2A is a therapeutic target in the treatment of dysregulated bone formation.

TRPV2 is involved in induction of lubricin and suppression of ectopic endochondral ossification in articular joints

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideki Nakamoto ◽  
Yuki Katanosaka ◽  
Ryota Chijimatsu ◽  
Daisuke Mori ◽  
Fengjun Xuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endochondral Ossification

Inhibition of Endochondral Ossification in Pantothenic Acid Deficiency

1946 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 380-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. M. Levy ◽  
M. Silberberg
Keyword(s):  
Endochondral Ossification ◽  
Pantothenic Acid ◽  
Acid Deficiency ◽  
Pantothenic Acid Deficiency

scholarly journals The Skull’s Girder: A Brief Review of the Cranial Base

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Shankar Rengasamy Venugopalan ◽  
Eric Van Otterloo
Keyword(s):  
Birth Defects ◽  
Vertebral Column ◽  
Endochondral Ossification ◽  
Cranial Base ◽  
Facial Skeleton ◽  
The Core ◽  
Skull Vault ◽  
Congenital Birth Defects ◽  
Intimate Association ◽  
The Brain

The cranial base is a multifunctional bony platform within the core of the cranium, spanning rostral to caudal ends. This structure provides support for the brain and skull vault above, serves as a link between the head and the vertebral column below, and seamlessly integrates with the facial skeleton at its rostral end. Unique from the majority of the cranial skeleton, the cranial base develops from a cartilage intermediate—the chondrocranium—through the process of endochondral ossification. Owing to the intimate association of the cranial base with nearly all aspects of the head, congenital birth defects impacting these structures often coincide with anomalies of the cranial base. Despite this critical importance, studies investigating the genetic control of cranial base development and associated disorders lags in comparison to other craniofacial structures. Here, we highlight and review developmental and genetic aspects of the cranial base, including its transition from cartilage to bone, dual embryological origins, and vignettes of transcription factors controlling its formation.

scholarly journals Bone defect reconstruction via endochondral ossification: A developmental engineering strategy

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 204173142110042
Author(s):  
Rao Fu ◽  
Chuanqi Liu ◽  
Yuxin Yan ◽  
Qingfeng Li ◽  
Ru-Lin Huang
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Defect ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Endochondral Ossification ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Endochondral Bone ◽  
Defect Reconstruction ◽  
Hypoxic Conditions ◽  
Bone Defect Reconstruction

Traditional bone tissue engineering (BTE) strategies induce direct bone-like matrix formation by mimicking the embryological process of intramembranous ossification. However, the clinical translation of these clinical strategies for bone repair is hampered by limited vascularization and poor bone regeneration after implantation in vivo. An alternative strategy for overcoming these drawbacks is engineering cartilaginous constructs by recapitulating the embryonic processes of endochondral ossification (ECO); these constructs have shown a unique ability to survive under hypoxic conditions as well as induce neovascularization and ossification. Such developmentally engineered constructs can act as transient biomimetic templates to facilitate bone regeneration in critical-sized defects. This review introduces the concept and mechanism of developmental BTE, explores the routes of endochondral bone graft engineering, highlights the current state of the art in large bone defect reconstruction via ECO-based strategies, and offers perspectives on the challenges and future directions of translating current knowledge from the bench to the bedside.

scholarly journals 71 NOTCH/RBPJ/HES1 SIGNAL IN CHONDROCYTES MODULATES TERMINAL STAGE OF ENDOCHONDRAL OSSIFICATION DURING SKELETAL GROWTH AND OSTEOARTHRITIS DEVELOPMENT

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. S38
Author(s):  
Y. Hosaka ◽  
T. Saito ◽  
S. Sugita ◽  
A. Fukai ◽  
T. Hikata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endochondral Ossification ◽  
Skeletal Growth ◽  
Terminal Stage
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