What are the benefits and harms of vaccines for the prevention of rotavirus diarrhea?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nai Ming Lai
Keyword(s):  
Rotavirus Diarrhea

CLINICAL AND PARACLINICAL CHARACTERISTITICS OF ROTAVIRUS DIARRHEA IN CHILDREN LESS THAN 5 YEARS OLD IN PEDIATRIC DEPARTMENT OF BINH DINH GENERAL HOSPITAL

2013 ◽  
pp. 50-56
Author(s):  
Quoc Tinh Nguyen ◽  
Thi Cu Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
General Hospital ◽  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Calcium ◽  
Pediatric Department ◽  
Rotavirus A ◽  
Initial Symptoms ◽  
Stool Specimens ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Rotavirus Diarrhea

Background: Diarrhea is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children in developing countries. Rotavirus is the most important factor cause of severe diarrhea and mortality in children, especially under 2 years. Objective: To study Clinical and paraclinical characteristitics of rotavirus diarrhea in children less than 5 years old in the Pediatric Department of Binh Dinh General Hospital. Methods: Cross observational study, 417 children from 2 months to 5 years old who were hospitalized for acute diarrhea without blood in stool in Pediatric Department of Binh Dinh general hospital, from 15/3/2012 to 14/3/2013. There were 228 patients with rotavirus - positive stool specimens and 189 patients with rotavirus - negative stool specimens. Tested for rotavirus A classification by agglutination techniques. Results: Percentage of Rotavirus diarrhea in children <5 years was 54.7%. The mean age of rotavirus diarrhea was 14.83 ± 9.08 tháng months. Ages with the highest cases of rotavirus diarrhea are 2 - 12 months: 48.2%. Rotavirrus diarrhea is experienced in every month but, the highest prevalence is experienced in the spring - summer) with 71,5%. Clinical characteristitics of rotavirus diarrhea: Vomit presents in 91,7% of cases. 32.9% of the initial symptoms of the disease is vomiting. Mean number of vomiting episodes per day: 7 ± 3.57 times, significantly higher compared with non-rotavirus acute diarrhea (p <0,01). Mean number of bowel movement per day: 10.61±4.18 times, mean duration of diarrhea: 6.66 ± 2.52 days. Younger children have higher frequency and duration of diarrhea compared to older children. Paraclinical characteristitics of rotavirus diarrhea: the mean number leukocyte: 9.74 ±3.61 (x 109/l). 2.2% with low blood sodium status; 8.8% with reduction in serum potassium concentration. 26.3% with low blood calcium and glucose status. Laboratory characteristics of stool: 8.8% with white blood cells in stool, 41.7% with carbohydrate in stool. Conclusion: Rotavirus accounting for 54.7% of the causes of diarrhea in children. Rotavirus diarrhea is experienced throughout the year but the highest prevalence is in the spring-summer. Prominent symptoms of the disease are vomiting and watery stool. Children <24 months experience higher frequency and duration of diarrhea compared to older age groups. Key words: Diarrhea, Rotavirus.

Oral Rehydration Solution Therapy in the Management of Children with Rotavirus Diarrhea

2009 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 80-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Germain Nappert ◽  
Jose Miguel Barrios ◽  
Gordon A. Zello ◽  
Jonathan M. Naylor
Keyword(s):  
Oral Rehydration Solution ◽  
Oral Rehydration ◽  
Rehydration Solution ◽  
Rotavirus Diarrhea

A Community Outbreak of Rotavirus Diarrhea Associated With Exposures in a Hospital Outpatient Department in South China

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
pp. 745-748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Li ◽  
Hongxiong Guo ◽  
Wenti Xu ◽  
Taishun Wu ◽  
Huilai Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South China ◽  
Outpatient Department ◽  
Hospital Outpatient ◽  
Rotavirus Diarrhea

Impact of Monovalent Rotavirus Vaccine on Rotavirus Hospitalizations among Children Younger Than 5 Years of Age in the Ouest and Artibonite Departments, Haiti, 2013 to 2019

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne-Marie Desormeaux ◽  
Eleanor Burnett ◽  
Gérard Joseph ◽  
Mentor Ali Ber Lucien ◽  
Negar Aliabadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Rotavirus Vaccine ◽  
Vaccine Introduction ◽  
Rotavirus Vaccination ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Rotavirus Diarrhea ◽  
The Impact

Rotavirus is responsible for 26% of diarrheal deaths in Latin America and the Caribbean. Haiti introduced the monovalent rotavirus vaccine in April 2014. The objective of this analysis is to describe the impact of the rotavirus vaccine on hospitalizations among Haitian children younger than 5 years old during the first 5 years after introduction. This analysis includes all children with diarrhea who were enrolled as part of a sentinel surveillance system at two hospitals from May 2013 to April 2019. We compare the proportion of rotavirus-positive specimens in each post-vaccine introduction year to the pre-vaccine period. To account for the potential dilution of the proportion of rotavirus-positive specimens from a waning cholera outbreak, we also analyzed annual trends in the absolute number of positive stools, fit a two-component finite-mixture model to the negative specimens, and fit a negative binomial time series model to the pre-vaccine rotavirus-positive specimens to predict the number of rotavirus diarrhea hospital admissions in the absence of rotavirus vaccination. The overall percentage of rotavirus-positive specimens declined by 22% the first year after introduction, increased by 17% the second year, and declined by 33% to 50% the subsequent 3 years. All sensitivity analyses confirmed an overall decline. We observed a clear annual rotavirus seasonality before and after vaccine introduction, with the greatest activity in December through April, and a biennial pattern, with high sharp peaks and flatter longer periods of increased rotavirus activity in alternating years, consistent with suboptimal vaccination coverage. Overall, our study shows evidence that the introduction of the rotavirus vaccine reduced the burden of severe rotavirus diarrhea.

scholarly journals Protective Effect of WC3 Vaccine Against Rotavirus Diarrhea in Infants During a Predominantly Serotype 1 Rotavirus Season

1988 ◽  
Vol 158 (3) ◽  
pp. 570-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. F. Clark ◽  
F. E. Horian ◽  
L. M. Bell ◽  
K. Modesto ◽  
V. Gouvea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Serotype 1 ◽  
Rotavirus Diarrhea

Rotavirus diarrhea in Jewish and Bedouin children in the Negev region of Israel

1990 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 314-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
RON DAGAN ◽  
YAIR BAR-DAVID ◽  
BATIA SAROV ◽  
MANUEL KATZ ◽  
IMAD KASSIS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rotavirus Diarrhea

scholarly journals Epidemiology of group A rotavirus diarrhea in the context of universal monovalent (G1P[8]) vaccination in Brazil

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Volotão ◽  
Filipe Costa ◽  
Mariela Gómez ◽  
Marcelle Silva ◽  
Tatiana Rose ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Group A Rotavirus ◽  
Group A ◽  
Rotavirus Diarrhea

scholarly journals A study of rotavirus infection in acute diarrhoea in children less than 5 years of age

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 321-326
Author(s):  
Pramod N Sambrani ◽  
Pooja Mansabdar ◽  
Mahesh Kumar S
Keyword(s):  
Acute Diarrhoea ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Childhood Mortality ◽  
Major Morbidity ◽  
Rotavirus Infection ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Diarrhoeal Diseases ◽  
Rotavirus Diarrhea ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Children Under 5

: Diarrhoeal diseases account for an estimated 1.5 million deaths globally every year making it the second leading cause of childhood mortality. In India 1 out of every 250 children die of rotavirus diarrhea each year.: To find out the incidence of rotavirus infection in acute diarrhoeal cases in children under 5 years of age.: A prospective study was conducted on 100 non repetetive stool samples of Children under 5 years of age, presenting with acute diarrhea and hospitalized in the pediatric ward, during December 2015 to November 2016. Stool samples were processed according to premier rotaclone enzyme immunoassay protocol for the detection of rotavirus antigen, adhering to standard laboratory precautions.: The incidence of acute diarrhoeal diseases was 5.86% in our setting. was detected in 29% cases by ELISA method.The antigen detection by EIA is a reliable test, as it is quantitative and also has high sensitivity and specificity. Hence, can be routinely employed to prevent major morbidity and mortality among children, especially less than 5 years of age.

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