Versatile hybrid niobium pentoxide based catalyst applied in reactions of the fuels industry: oleic acid esterification and quinoline oxidation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natália Rodrigues Marques Sturt ◽  
Flávia Cristina Camilo Moura
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Niobium Pentoxide ◽  
Acid Esterification

scholarly journals The Effect of Co-solvent on Esterification of Oleic Acid Using Amberlyst 15 as Solid Acid Catalyst in Biodiesel Production

2018 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 03002
Author(s):  
Iwan Ridwan ◽  
Mukhtar Ghazali ◽  
Adi Kusmayadi ◽  
Resza Diwansyah Putra ◽  
Nina Marlina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Solid Acid ◽  
Solid Acid Catalyst ◽  
Acid Catalyst ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Amberlyst 15 ◽  
Acid Esterification

The oleic acid solubility in methanol is low due to two phase separation, and this causes a slow reaction time in biodiesel production. Tetrahydrofuran as co-solvent can decrease the interfacial surface tension between methanol and oleic acid. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of co-solvent, methanol to oleic acid molar ratio, catalyst amount, and temperature of the reaction to the free fatty acid conversion. Oleic acid esterification was conducted by mixing oleic acid, methanol, tetrahydrofuran and Amberlyst 15 as a solid acid catalyst in a batch reactor. The Amberlyst 15 used had an exchange capacity of 2.57 meq/g. Significant free fatty acid conversion increments occur on biodiesel production using co-solvent compared without co-solvent. The highest free fatty acid conversion was obtained over methanol to the oleic acid molar ratio of 25:1, catalyst use of 10%, the co-solvent concentration of 8%, and a reaction temperature of 60°C. The highest FFA conversion was found at 28.6 %, and the steady state was reached after 60 minutes. In addition, the use of Amberlyst 15 oleic acid esterification shows an excellent performance as a solid acid catalyst. Catalytic activity was maintained after 4 times repeated use and reduced slightly in the fifth use.

scholarly journals FATTY ACID ESTERIFICATION: EFFECTS OF UNSATURATION AND SYNTHESIS WITH THERMAL HEATING VIA ULTRASON AND MICROWAVES

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (30) ◽  
pp. 447-462
Author(s):  
M. C. de M. SOUZA ◽  
L. DI SOUZA ◽  
V. P. da S. Caldeira ◽  
A. G. D. SANTOS ◽  
B. ADILSON
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Acid Catalysis ◽  
Thermal Heating ◽  
Ultrasonic Methods ◽  
Homogeneous Acid ◽  
Acid Esterification

With the increasing selective energy demand, fossil fuels are becoming scarce and environmentally incorrect, a viable alternative to this problem being the production of biodiesel. However, the esterification and transesterification reactions used are slow, expensive and ecologically incorrect because they produce polluting waste. Thus, it is necessary to develop techniques, reagents and equipment that make them fast, cheap and environmentally friendly. This work evaluated the performance of the thermal heating, microwave and ultrasonic methods in the esterification efficiency of oleic and stearic fatty acids via homogeneous acid catalysis. The efficiency of the reaction was certificated with the variables: time, yield and conversion and the biodiesel characterization were done with TG / DTG, FTIR and NMR. Conversions were determined by TG and 1H NMR and the yield by gravimetry. The results showed conversion with all methods with differences in the analyzed variables. The yields decrease in the microwave order (52%) conduction (33%) ultrasound (30%) for reactions with oleic acid and are practically the same (22, 22 and 20), independently of the stearic acid. Among the methods used, the most efficient is the microwave, because it has a higher yield in the case of oleic acid and reducing the reaction time.

Oleic Acid Esterification Catalyzed by Zeolite Y-Model of the Biomass Conversion

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (12-16) ◽  
pp. 874-883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glaucio J. Gomes ◽  
Daniel M. Dal Pozzo ◽  
María Fernanda Zalazar ◽  
Michelle Budke Costa ◽  
Pedro Augusto Arroyo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Zeolite Y ◽  
Biomass Conversion ◽  
Acid Esterification

scholarly journals Effect of the Acid Treatment of Montmorillonite Clay in the Oleic Acid Esterification Reaction

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexsandra Rodrigues do Nascimento ◽  
José Antônio Barros Leal Reis Alves ◽  
Marcus Antônio de Freitas Melo ◽  
Dulce Maria de Araújo Melo ◽  
Marcelo José Barros de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Acid Treatment ◽  
Montmorillonite Clay ◽  
Esterification Reaction ◽  
Acid Esterification

Titanyl sulfate extracted from the mineral ilmenite as mesoporous catalyst for the oleic acid esterification

Fuel ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 100 ◽  
pp. 43-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Afanador ◽  
S. Ortega ◽  
R. Gómez ◽  
M.E. Niño-Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Mesoporous Catalyst ◽  
Titanyl Sulfate ◽  
Acid Esterification

Optimization of oleic acid esterification catalyzed by ionic liquid for green biodiesel synthesis

2013 ◽  
Vol 76 ◽  
pp. 818-827 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Hafiidz Mohammad Fauzi ◽  
Nor Aishah Saidina Amin
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Biodiesel Synthesis ◽  
Acid Esterification

scholarly journals Biodiesel Production using Synthesized HY Zeolite Catalyst

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Dr. Ban A. Al-Tabbakh ◽  
Sattar J. Hussein ◽  
Zena A. Hadi
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Zeolite Catalyst ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Hy Zeolite ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Acid Esterification

Biodiesel was produced using oleic acid esterification and transesterification of the sunflower oil methods. Many different factors affecting production procedures were studied such as reaction temperature, the molar ratio of ethanol to oil, reaction time and concentration of HY catalyst. Different techniques such as TGA, FTIR and Mass spectroscopy were used to syntheses biodiesel. Results showed that 78% of oleic acid maximum conversion was obtained at a temperature of 70oC with molar ratio 12:1 ethanol: oil with 5 wt.% catalysts at 90 min reaction time, while for sunflower oil conversion of 98% at 200oC with 5 weight ratio of ethanol: oil at a time of 3 h was successfully obtained.

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