Fish bone derived natural hydroxyapatite-supported copper acid catalyst: Taguchi optimization of semibatch oleic acid esterification

2013 ◽  
Vol 215-216 ◽  
pp. 491-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Chakraborty ◽  
D. RoyChowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Acid Catalyst ◽  
Fish Bone ◽  
Taguchi Optimization ◽  
Acid Esterification ◽  
Natural Hydroxyapatite

scholarly journals The Effect of Co-solvent on Esterification of Oleic Acid Using Amberlyst 15 as Solid Acid Catalyst in Biodiesel Production

2018 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 03002
Author(s):  
Iwan Ridwan ◽  
Mukhtar Ghazali ◽  
Adi Kusmayadi ◽  
Resza Diwansyah Putra ◽  
Nina Marlina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Solid Acid ◽  
Solid Acid Catalyst ◽  
Acid Catalyst ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Amberlyst 15 ◽  
Acid Esterification

The oleic acid solubility in methanol is low due to two phase separation, and this causes a slow reaction time in biodiesel production. Tetrahydrofuran as co-solvent can decrease the interfacial surface tension between methanol and oleic acid. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of co-solvent, methanol to oleic acid molar ratio, catalyst amount, and temperature of the reaction to the free fatty acid conversion. Oleic acid esterification was conducted by mixing oleic acid, methanol, tetrahydrofuran and Amberlyst 15 as a solid acid catalyst in a batch reactor. The Amberlyst 15 used had an exchange capacity of 2.57 meq/g. Significant free fatty acid conversion increments occur on biodiesel production using co-solvent compared without co-solvent. The highest free fatty acid conversion was obtained over methanol to the oleic acid molar ratio of 25:1, catalyst use of 10%, the co-solvent concentration of 8%, and a reaction temperature of 60°C. The highest FFA conversion was found at 28.6 %, and the steady state was reached after 60 minutes. In addition, the use of Amberlyst 15 oleic acid esterification shows an excellent performance as a solid acid catalyst. Catalytic activity was maintained after 4 times repeated use and reduced slightly in the fifth use.

So42- /ZrO2 Solid Super-Strong Acid Esterification Catalyst Prepared by Supersonic Wave Technique

2011 ◽  
Vol 291-294 ◽  
pp. 3311-3317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Min Luo ◽  
Peng Ni Li ◽  
Dong Qiu Wu ◽  
Hui Jun Ren
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Catalyst Activity ◽  
Acid Catalyst ◽  
Strong Acid ◽  
Immersion Method ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Wave Technique ◽  
Acid Esterification

SO42-/ZrO2 solid super-strong acid catalyst was prepared by supersonic immersion method and the catalysts were characterized respectively by IR, BET, XRD, Element Analysis and SEM methods. The results showed that the catalyst prepared by supersonic immersion method had the larger specific surface area, the smaller grain size, the looser crystal structure, the higher surface roughness and the more border location and edge locations, which were helpful to increase the number of catalyst activity centers and was used for the esterification of polyethylene glycol oleic acid produced by oleic acid and polyethylene glycol. It also had the higher catalytic activity and longer service life.

scholarly journals Sulfonated Carbon Material as An Efficient Solid Acid Catalyst for Biodiesel Synthesis via Oleic Acid Esterification Under High Voltage Conditions

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mahdavi ◽  
Amir hosein Darab
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Solid Acid ◽  
Solid Acid Catalyst ◽  
Acid Catalyst ◽  
Reusable Catalyst ◽  
Biodiesel Synthesis ◽  
Acid Esterification ◽  
Short Times ◽  
Heterogeneous Solid

Sulfonated carbon was used as an efficient and reusable heterogeneous solid acid catalyst for the synthesis of biodiesel via esterification of oleic acid with methanol under high voltage conditions. Using an inexpensive and reusable catalyst, environmental benignity, excellent yields in short times, synthesis in atmospheric pressure and low temperature conditions are some of the important features of this protocol. In the final results were confirmed by GC.

Natural Phosphate Supported Titania as a Novel Solid Acid Catalyst for Oleic Acid Esterification

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (20) ◽  
pp. 5821-5832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Younes Essamlali ◽  
Mohamed Larzek ◽  
Bilal Essaid ◽  
Mohamed Zahouily
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Solid Acid ◽  
Solid Acid Catalyst ◽  
Acid Catalyst ◽  
Natural Phosphate ◽  
Acid Esterification

Heterogeneous acid catalyst based on sulfated iron ore tailings for oleic acid esterification

2020 ◽  
Vol 600 ◽  
pp. 117624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Duarte Prates ◽  
Fabiane Carvalho Ballotin ◽  
Henrique Limborço ◽  
José Domingos Ardisson ◽  
Rochel Montero Lago ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
Acid Catalyst ◽  
Iron Ore Tailings ◽  
Heterogeneous Acid Catalyst ◽  
Acid Esterification

scholarly journals Hierarchical HZSM-5 for Catalytic Cracking of Oleic Acid to Biofuels

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 747
Author(s):  
Mahashanon Arumugam ◽  
Chee Keong Goh ◽  
Zulkarnain Zainal ◽  
Sugeng Triwahyono ◽  
Adam F. Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Solid Acid ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Acid Catalyst ◽  
Hierarchical Network ◽  
Waste Oil ◽  
Acid Catalyzed ◽  
Zeolite Seeds ◽  
20 Nm

Solid acid catalyzed cracking of waste oil-derived fatty acids is an attractive route to hydrocarbon fuels. HZSM-5 is an effective acid catalyst for fatty acid cracking; however, its microporous nature is susceptible to rapid deactivation by coking. We report the synthesis and application of hierarchical HZSM-5 (h-HZSM-5) in which silanization of pre-crystallized zeolite seeds is employed to introduce mesoporosity during the aggregation of growing crystallites. The resulting h-HZSM-5 comprises a disordered array of fused 10–20 nm crystallites and mesopores with a mean diameter of 13 nm, which maintain the high surface area and acidity of a conventional HZSM-5. Mesopores increase the yield of diesel range hydrocarbons obtained from oleic acid deoxygenation from ~20% to 65%, attributed to improved acid site accessibility within the hierarchical network.

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