Young women with family history of breast cancer and their risk factors for benign breast disease

Introduction Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death among females worldwide. Its incidence is on the rise in Nepal. However, the risk factors have not been studied in context of Nepal. The aim of this study is to identify and quantify the association of various risk factors with breast cancer in Nepal. MethodsHospital-based age-matched case-control study was conducted among 50 cases and 150 controls visiting BP Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital, Bharatpur, Nepal. Semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect information on demographic characters, socio-economic parameters, reproductive history, dietary and personal habits, family history, history of contraception and history of benign breast disease. Height, weight, hip circumference and waist circumference were measured. ResultsMajority of the cases (52%) belonged to the age group of 46-55 years. The significant risk factors were ethnicity of Dalit/Madhesi (AOR 8.222, 95% CI 2.377-28.441, p-value 0.001), parity of 3 to 5 (AOR 5.614, 95% CI 1.140-27.639, p-value 0.03) and previous history of benign breast disease (OR 13.614, 95% CI 3.229-57.391, p-value 0.001). Hysterectomy was found to reduce the risk of breast cancer (OR 0.122, 95% CI 0.017-0.826, p-value 0.03). Knowledge of breast self-examination was significantly higher among cases than controls (AOR 36.29, 95% CI 5.788-227.555, p-value < 0.001). Knowledge of mammography was significantly lower among cases than control (AOR=0.133, 95% CI=0.028-0.647, p-value=0.01). ConclusionThis study showed a number of factors to be associated with the increased risk of breast cancer. It was observed that the mean age at diagnosis is a decade earlier than in Western countries. Genetic component was not significant in context of Nepal. It is hoped that the findings of this study will facilitate further exploration and evidenced-based preventive measures for Nepalese women.

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The Characteristics of Risk Factors in Chinese Young Women with Acute Coronary Syndrome

10.21203/rs.3.rs-19763/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ruifang Liu ◽

Fangxing Xu ◽

Yujie Zhou ◽

Tongku Liu

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Family History ◽

Young Women ◽

Early Onset ◽

Young Female ◽

Cardiac Insufficiency ◽

Control Group ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Gynecological Diseases ◽

History Of

Abstract Background In recent years, the prevalence rate of ACS in Chinese young women has been increasing significantly, becoming the main cause of death in young female. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics and difference of risk factors in Chinese young women with ACS and to provide references for ACS prevention and treatment. Methods A 1:1 case-control study was conducted to evaluate risk factors of 415 young female patients with ACS (ACS group) who underwent PCI treatment and 415 young female cases without ACS (control group) who were hospitalized and confirmed by coronary angiography to exclude coronary heart disease from January 2010 to August 2016. The average age of the cases in the two groups was respectively (40.77±4.02) years-old and (40.57±4.01) years-old (P> 0.05). Results The risk factors in ACS group were overweight (64.10%), hypertension (49.88%), hyperlipidemia (35.66%), diabetes (23.37%), depression or anxiety disorder (16.62%), gynecological diseases (16.39%), Hyperuricemia (15.18%), family history of early onset coronary heart disease (14.94%), hyperhomocysteinemia (11.33%), hypothyroidism(14.96%), hypercholesterolemia (8.43%) and high c-reactive protein (7.47%), and were statistically significant difference (P<0.01) compared with that of control group. The average number of risk factors per case in ACS group was significantly more than that of control groups (P<0.01). There was a statistically significant difference in the number of combined risk factors of the overweight cases compared between two groups (P<0.01). Regression analysis showed that hyperlipidemia, hyperhomocysteinemia, overweight（obesity）, high CRP, hypertension, hypothyroidism, gynecological diseases, depression or anxiety, cardiac insufficiency, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes, oral contraceptives, family history of early onset CHD, and autoimmune diseases were independent risk factors (P<0.01). The bivariate correlation analysis between CRP level and age was r= -0.158 (P<0.01). This result showed the younger ACS patient is the higher serum CRP. Conclusion The independent risk factors of ACS in young women are hyperlipidemia, hyperhomocysteinemia, overweight, high CRP, hypertension, hypothyroidism, gynecological diseases, depression or anxiety, cardiac insufficiency, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes, oral contraceptives, family history of early onset CHD, and autoimmune diseases. The co-existence of multiple risk factors is the main cause suffering from ACS in young women.

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Re: Risk Factors for Breast Cancer According to Family History of Breast Cancer

JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute ◽

10.1093/jnci/88.14.1003 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 88 (14) ◽

pp. 1003-1004 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

F. PARAZZINI ◽

C. L. VECCHIA ◽

L. CHATENOUD ◽

E. NEGRI ◽

S. FRANCESCHI

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Family History ◽

History Of

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The influence of family history on breast cancer risk in women with biopsy-confirmed benign breast disease

Cancer ◽

10.1002/cncr.22136 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 107 (6) ◽

pp. 1240-1247 ◽

Cited By ~ 55

Author(s):

Laura C. Collins ◽

Heather J. Baer ◽

Rulla M. Tamimi ◽

James L. Connolly ◽

Graham A. Colditz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Family History ◽

Breast Cancer Risk ◽

Cancer Risk ◽

Benign Breast Disease ◽

Breast Disease

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Breast disease

Oxford Handbook of General Practice ◽

10.1093/med/9780198808183.003.0019 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 663-676

Author(s):

Chantal Simon ◽

Hazel Everitt ◽

Françoise van Dorp ◽

Nazia Hussain ◽

Emma Nash ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Risk Factors ◽

General Practice ◽

Cancer Screening ◽

Breast Cancer Screening ◽

Benign Breast Disease ◽

Breast Disease

This chapter in the Oxford Handbook of General Practice explores breast disease in general practice. It covers breast symptoms, benign breast disease, breast cancer screening, risk factors for breast cancer, and diagnosis and care for breast cancer.

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