Comparative analysis of morphology, cytology, and mitochondrial transcriptome of sterile male flowers of hevea tree

Crop Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Li ◽  
Yuhang Zhang ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
Heqiong Gao ◽  
Nansheng Zhuang
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Sterile Male ◽  
Male Flowers

Development of the inflorescence and flower of Philodendron fragrantissimum (Araceae): a qualitative and quantitative study

2000 ◽  
Vol 78 (5) ◽  
pp. 557-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis Barabé ◽  
Christian Lacroix ◽  
Bernard Jeune
Keyword(s):  
Female Flower ◽  
Distal Portion ◽  
Sterile Male ◽  
Bisexual Flower ◽  
Inflorescence Development ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male Flowers ◽  
And Bisexual ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Study ◽  
Spatial Discontinuity

The early stages of inflorescence development in Philodendron fragrantissimum (Hook.) G. Don are examined using scanning electron microscopy. Pistillate flowers are initiated on the lower portion of the inflorescence and staminate flowers are initiated on the distal portion. Male flowers have 6-8 stamens (sometimes 5) and female flowers have a multilocular ovary consisting of 6-10 locules. A transition zone consisting of sterile male flowers and bisexual flowers with fused or free carpels and staminodes is also present. This zone is located between the male- and female- flower zones. Generally, the portion of the bisexual flower adjacent to the male zone forms staminodes and the portion bordering the female zone develops an incomplete gynoecium with few carpels. The different floral organs of the bisexual flowers are all inserted in the same whorl. Pistillate and staminate flowers are inserted on the same contact parastichies along the inflorescence; there is no spatial discontinuity between the female zone, the bisexual zone, and the male zone. The presence of bisexual flowers is believed to correspond to a morphogenetic gradient at the level of the inflorescence as a whole. A quantitative analysis of a series of parameters (i.e., length and width of flower types and inflorescence zones) indicates that each zone of the inflorescence has its own particular nature as far as rhythm of growth and geometry are concerned. There appears to be evidence for some form of partitioning in the global development of the inflorescence. The growth of a zone seems to be more variable in size and geometry than that of individual flowers. During later stages of development, the size of the flowers of the intermediate zone, especially the sterile male flowers, increases considerably, until it exceeds that of both male and female flowers.Key words: homeosis, morphogenesis, gradient, allometry, reproduction.

Developmental morphology of normal and atypical flowers of Philodendron insigne (Araceae): a new case of homeosis

2002 ◽  
Vol 80 (11) ◽  
pp. 1160-1172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis Barabé ◽  
Christian Lacroix ◽  
Bernard Jeune
Keyword(s):  
Flower Development ◽  
Distal Portion ◽  
Sterile Male ◽  
Developmental Morphology ◽  
Bisexual Flower ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male Flowers ◽  
Morphogenetic Gradient ◽  
Female Flowers ◽  
Scanning Electron

The early stages of development of the inflorescence of Philodendron insigne were examined using scanning electron microscopy. Pistillate flowers are initiated on the lower portion of the inflorescence and staminate flowers are initiated on the distal portion. The male flowers have three to five stamens. The female flowers have a multilocular ovary consisting of three to five locules. A transition zone consisting of sterile male flowers and atypical bisexual flowers with fused or free carpels and staminodes is located between the male and female floral zones. Generally, the portion of the bisexual flower facing the male zone forms stamens, and the portion facing the female zone develops one or two carpels. In P. insigne, the incomplete separation of staminodes from the gynoecial portion of the whorl shows that the staminodes and carpels belong to the same whorl. The atypical bisexual flowers of P. insigne are believed to be a case of homeosis where carpels have been replaced by sterile stamens on the same whorl. However, there is no regularity in the number of organs involved in the homeotic transformation taking place in atypical bisexual flowers. The presence of atypical bisexual flowers may correspond to a morphogenetic gradient at the level of the inflorescence as a whole.Key words: flower, development, gradient, inflorescence.

The game of numbers in homeotic flowers of Philodendron (Araceae)

2004 ◽  
Vol 82 (10) ◽  
pp. 1459-1467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis Barabé ◽  
Christian Lacroix ◽  
Bernard Jeune
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Relationship ◽  
Distal Portion ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sterile Male ◽  
Homeotic Transformation ◽  
Bisexual Flower ◽  
Position Information ◽  
Male Flowers ◽  
Female Flowers ◽  
Organ Replacement

In Philodendron, pistillate flowers are initiated on the proximal portion of the inflorescence and staminate flowers are initiated on the distal portion. Between the staminate and pistillate flowers, there is a transition zone consisting of sterile male flowers adjacent to the male zone and a row of atypical bisexual flowers between the sterile male zone and the female zone. The portion of the atypical bisexual flower facing the male zone forms stamens, and the portion facing the female zone develops into an incomplete gynoecium with few carpels. The atypical bisexual flowers of Philodendron are believed to be a case of homeosis where carpels are replaced by sterile stamens on the same whorl. In Philodendron melinonii Brongniart ex Regel, Philodendron pedatum (Hooker) Kunth, Philodendron squamiferum Poeppig., and Philodendron solimoesense A.C. Smith, there is a significant quantitative relationship between the number of carpels and the number of staminodes involved in the homeotic transformation in atypical bisexual flowers. On the other hand, such a significant correlation does not exist in Philodendron fragrantissimum (Hooker) Kunth and Philodendron insigne Schott, and Philodendron callosum K. Krause. There is a one to one organ replacement in homeotic flowers in both P. pedatum and P. squamiferum whereas, in P. solimoesense, an average of 2.56 staminodes replace one carpel. The average number of organs developing on an atypical bisexual flower and the number of organs involved in a homeotic transformation appear to be two independent phenomena. The number of carpels in female flowers is correlated with the maximum total number of appendages (carpels and staminodes) that can develop in atypical bisexual flowers.Key words: development, inflorescence, gradient, position, information.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of microspore size variability in the genus Aesculus (Hippocastanaceae)

2009 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 795-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dusica Calic-Dragosavac ◽  
Snezana Zdravkovic-Korac ◽  
Danijela Miljkovic ◽  
Ljiljana Radojevic
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Bimodal Distribution ◽  
Aesculus Hippocastanum ◽  
Evolutionary Adaptation ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Size Variability ◽  
Male Flowers ◽  
Angiosperm Species ◽  
Female Flowers ◽  
Pollination And Fertilization

Pollen size varies extensively among angiosperm species and partially reflects evolutionary adaptation of each species to the pollination and fertilization environment. Size of uninuclear microspores in Aesculus parviflora was analyzed and compared with the size of microspores in Aesculus hippocastanum, Aesculus carnea, and Aesculus flava. The microspores came from closed flower buds of different size (3, 4, and 5 mm) isolated from lower (female flowers), middle (bisexual flowers), and upper (male flowers) segments of inflorescences. Aesculus parviflora had smaller microspores than Aesculus carnea and Aesculus flava, but larger microspores than Aesculus hippocastanum. All analyzed microspores showed bimodal distribution in all investigated species of the genus Aesculus.

NOTEAspects of floral development in Caladium bicolor (Araceae)

2002 ◽  
Vol 80 (8) ◽  
pp. 899-905 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis Barabé ◽  
Christian Lacroix
Keyword(s):  
Floral Development ◽  
Intermediate Zone ◽  
Intermediate Form ◽  
Sterile Male ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Male Flowers

In the spadix of Caladium, there is a clearly recognizable intermediate zone consisting of sterile male flowers. The transition between the female zone and the male sterile zone is more or less abrupt. During the early stages of development of the inflorescence, a few atypical bisexual flowers between the female zone and the male sterile zone are recognizable. These atypical flowers display a variety of forms. However, in all cases, the staminate portion of the flower is located near the male zone and the gynoecial portion near the female zone. The undeveloped synandroidral portion and the rudimentary gynoecium belong to the same meristematic unit and can be viewed as a single whorl. The early stages of development of atypical bisexual flowers in Caladium and Philodendron are relatively similar and therefore represent an intermediate form between female and male sterile flowers.Key words: inflorescence, homeosis, gradient, flower.

1207: Failed Pyeloplasty in Children: Comparative Analysis of Retrograde Endopyelotomy VS. Re-do Pyeloplasty

2007 ◽  
Vol 177 (4S) ◽  
pp. 398-398
Author(s):  
Luis H. Braga ◽  
Joao L. Pippi Salle ◽  
Sumit Dave ◽  
Sean Skeldon ◽  
Armando J. Lorenzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis
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