Head involution inDrosophila: Genetic and morphogenetic connections to dorsal closure

2007 ◽  
Vol 237 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annalisa VanHook ◽  
Anthea Letsou
Keyword(s):  
Dorsal Closure

scholarly journals The AF-6 Homolog Canoe Acts as a Rap1 Effector During Dorsal Closure of the Drosophila Embryo

Genetics ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 165 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-169
Author(s):  
Benjamin Boettner ◽  
Phoebe Harjes ◽  
Satoshi Ishimaru ◽  
Michael Heke ◽  
Hong Qing Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Genetic Interaction ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Adherens Junction ◽  
Small Gtpases ◽  
Drosophila Embryo ◽  
Dorsal Closure ◽  
Cell Sheets ◽  
Jnk Pathway

Abstract Rap1 belongs to the highly conserved Ras subfamily of small GTPases. In Drosophila, Rap1 plays a critical role in many different morphogenetic processes, but the molecular mechanisms executing its function are unknown. Here, we demonstrate that Canoe (Cno), the Drosophila homolog of mammalian junctional protein AF-6, acts as an effector of Rap1 in vivo. Cno binds to the activated form of Rap1 in a yeast two-hybrid assay, the two molecules colocalize to the adherens junction, and they display very similar phenotypes in embryonic dorsal closure (DC), a process that relies on the elongation and migration of epithelial cell sheets. Genetic interaction experiments show that Rap1 and Cno act in the same molecular pathway during DC and that the function of both molecules in DC depends on their ability to interact. We further show that Rap1 acts upstream of Cno, but that Rap1, unlike Cno, is not involved in the stimulation of JNK pathway activity, indicating that Cno has both a Rap1-dependent and a Rap1-independent function in the DC process.

scholarly journals The Genes raw and ribbon Are Required for Proper Shape of Tubular Epithelial Tissues in Drosophila

Genetics ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 147 (1) ◽  
pp. 243-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Jack ◽  
Guy Myette
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Cell Shape ◽  
Malpighian Tubules ◽  
Dorsal Closure ◽  
Epithelial Tissues ◽  
Cell Rearrangement

Abstract The products of two genes, raw and ribbon (rib), are required for the proper morphogenesis of a variety of tissues. Malpighian tubules mutant for raw or rib are wider and shorter than normal tubules, which are only two cells in circumference when they are fully formed. The mutations alter the shape of the tubules beginning early in their formation and block cell rearrangement late in development, which normally lengthens and narrows the tubes. Mutations of both genes affect a number of other tissues as well. Both genes are required for dorsal closure and retraction of the CNS during embryonic development. In addition, rib mutations block head involution, and broaden and shorten other tubular epithelia (salivary glands, tracheae, and hindgut) in much same manner as they alter the shape of the Malpighian tubules. In tissues in which the shape of cells can be observed readily, rib mutations alter cell shape, which probably causes the change in shape of the organs that are affected. In double mutants raw enhances the phenotypes of all the tissues that are affected by rib but unaffected by raw alone, indicating that raw is also active in these tissues.

scholarly journals Dynamics of PAR Proteins Explain the Oscillation and Ratcheting Mechanisms in Dorsal Closure

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (11) ◽  
pp. 2230-2241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clinton H. Durney ◽  
Tony J.C. Harris ◽  
James J. Feng
Keyword(s):  
Dorsal Closure ◽  
Par Proteins

Amnioserosa cell constriction but not epidermal actin cable tension autonomously drives dorsal closure

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 1161-1172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurynas Pasakarnis ◽  
Erich Frei ◽  
Emmanuel Caussinus ◽  
Markus Affolter ◽  
Damian Brunner
Keyword(s):  
Dorsal Closure ◽  
Cable Tension ◽  
Actin Cable

The effects of the insect growth regulator fenoxycarb on Rhodnius prolixus (Insecta, Hemiptera) embryogenesis

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (11) ◽  
pp. 2425-2429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory Mitchell Kelly ◽  
Erwin Huebner
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Dose Range ◽  
Insect Growth Regulator ◽  
Rhodnius Prolixus ◽  
Dorsal Closure ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Insect Embryogenesis ◽  
Insect Growth ◽  
Experimental Tool

Embryonic development of the hemipteran Rhodnius prolixus is perturbed by fenoxycarb (Ro 13.5223, Dr. R. Maag Ltd.), a non-neurotoxic insect growth regulator. Degree of perturbation is dependent on dose applied and embryonic stage at application time. Day 5 embryos were the most sensitive over a broad dose range. Treatment on day 8 had little effect, with normal hatching occurring 1 week later. Three developmental stages were most sensitive to perturbation: katatrepsis, dorsal closure, and eclosion. Katatrepsis, which normally occurs 168 h postoviposition, was the stage most prominently affected, suggesting that fenoxycarb interferes with basic mechanisms underlying this morphogenetic movement. Dorsal closure was the second most sensistive stage, the defect being characterized by embryos failing to completely enclose the yolk. Embryos receiving very low doses successfully completed katatrepsis and dorsal closure but were unable to hatch. Results demonstrate that fenozycarb may be a useful experimental tool for examining the normal cellular mechanisms of insect embryogenesis.

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