Examining the distinctiveness of body image concerns in patients with anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa

Abstract Background: psychiatric comorbidities are of particular interest in Eating disorders. The association between anorexia nervosa and psychotic disorders is less studied than that with affective disorders (anxiety/depression). The aim of this study is to describe a psychotic symptom (paranoia) in adolescents with Eating Disorders looking at several potential explicative associated factors: eating disorder symptoms, body image concerns, depression and social anxiety. Our hypothesis is that paranoia in AN patients is more explained by the concomitant depression and social anxiety symptoms than core symptoms of the disease (eating disorder symptoms or body image concerns). Methods: this is a retrospective cross sectional study and consecutive, help-seeking adolescents admitted to the Eating Disorder service of the Integrated Pediatric Care Department, Luigi Vanvitelli University Hospital constituted the sample. Data was obtained trough retrospective collection of clinical interviews and self – report questionnaires administered by trained and expert child and adolescent psychiatrists. Results: We obtained data from 92 adolescents with Eating Disorders. Paranoia was dimensionally distributed in the sample (mean: 22,17 SD: 17,7; median 18 IQR: 7/36; range: 0-62). Our regression model explained that paranoia in this population was better explained by depression (coefficient= 0,415 SD: 0,210, p=0,052) and social anxiety symptoms (coefficient= 0,253 SD: 0,060; p<0,001) than eating disorder symptoms (coefficient= 0,092 SD: 0,107; p=0,398) and body image concerns (coefficient= 1,916 SD: 2,079; p=0,359) that did not retain their significance when all our predictive factors entered in the model. Conclusion: This study has some theoretical, clinical and treatment implications. It is important to carrying out screening for the presence of psychotic symptoms in patients with Eating Disorders. These symptoms and associated factors (depression and social anxiety) may complicate the clinical picture of the disease with the need, in certain cases, of psychopharmacological drugs and, among these, anti-psychotics. Finally in the psychotherapy context, paranoid idea may be subject of treatment for patient with EDs.

Download Full-text

Eighteen-year trajectories of depressive symptoms in mothers with a lifetime eating disorder: findings from the ALSPAC cohort

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.2019.89 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 216 (2) ◽

pp. 90-96 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yu Wei Chua ◽

Gemma Lewis ◽

Abigail Easter ◽

Glyn Lewis ◽

Francesca Solmi

Keyword(s):

Eating Disorders ◽

Body Image ◽

Anorexia Nervosa ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Bulimia Nervosa ◽

Growth Curves ◽

Sensitivity Analyses ◽

Continuous Measure ◽

In Pregnancy

BackgroundTwo longitudinal studies have shown that depressive symptoms in women with eating disorders might improve in the antenatal and early postnatal periods. No study has followed up women beyond 8 months postnatal.AimsTo investigate long-term trajectories of depressive symptoms in mothers with lifetime self-reported eating disorders.MethodUsing data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children and multilevel growth curves we modelled trajectories of depressive symptoms from the 18th week of pregnancy to 18 years postnatal in women with lifetime self-reported anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa or both anorexia and bulimia nervosa. As sensitivity analyses we also investigated these trajectories using quintiles of a continuous measure of body image in pregnancy.ResultsOf the 9276 women in our main sample, 126 (1.4%) reported a lifetime diagnosis of anorexia nervosa, 153 (1.6%) of bulimia nervosa and 60 (0.6%) of both anorexia and bulimia nervosa. Women with lifetime eating disorders had greater depressive symptoms scores than women with no eating disorders, before and after adjustment for confounders (anorexia nervosa: 2.10, 95% CI 1.36–2.83; bulimia nervosa: 2.28, 95% CI: 1.61–2.94, both anorexia and bulimia nervosa: 2.86, 95% CI 1.81–3.90). We also observed a dose–response association between greater body image and eating concerns in pregnancy and more severe trajectories of depressive symptoms, even after adjusting for lifetime eating disorders which also remained independently associated with greater depressive symptoms.ConclusionsWomen with eating disorders experience persistently greater depressive symptoms across the life-course. More training for practitioners and midwives on how to recognise eating disorders in pregnancy could help to identify depressive symptoms and reduce the long-term burden of disease resulting from this comorbidity.

Download Full-text

Non-weight-related body image concerns and Body Dysmorphic Disorder prevalence in patients with Anorexia Nervosa

Psychiatry Research ◽

10.1016/j.psychres.2018.05.068 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 267 ◽

pp. 120-125 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Silvia Cerea ◽

Gioia Bottesi ◽

Jessica R. Grisham ◽

Marta Ghisi

Keyword(s):

Body Image ◽

Anorexia Nervosa ◽

Body Dysmorphic Disorder ◽

Body Image Concerns

Download Full-text

Anorexia nervosa and body dysmorphic disorder: A comparison of body image concerns and explicit and implicit attractiveness beliefs

Body Image ◽

10.1016/j.bodyim.2015.03.013 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 14 ◽

pp. 77-84 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

A.S. Hartmann ◽

J.J. Thomas ◽

J.L. Greenberg ◽

C.M. Elliott ◽

N.L. Matheny ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Image ◽

Anorexia Nervosa ◽

Body Dysmorphic Disorder ◽

Body Image Concerns

Download Full-text

Life as a Male 'Anorexic'

Australian Journal of Primary Health ◽

10.1071/py99021 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 80 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Murray Drummond

Keyword(s):

Eating Disorders ◽

Body Image ◽

Social Construction ◽

Bulimia Nervosa ◽

Eating Disordered ◽

The Social ◽

Body Image Concerns ◽

Historical Accounts ◽

Depth Interviews ◽

Insight Into

Information surrounding male anorexia and bulimia nervosa is limited. Currently, health promoters and practitioners in this field have little to guide them apart from the data that informs female anorexia and bulimia nervosa. This paper is based on in-depth interviews with past and present eating disordered men. Using life historical accounts, the men provide rich descriptive information to document their plight with body image concerns and eating disorders. The paper provides insight into the lives of male anorexia and bulimia nervosa sufferers. Further it attempts to draw on their perceptions of what it is like being a male with a disorder that is often perceived as being a female phenomenon. The paper also explores the issues surrounding men and body image in contemporary Western culture. It highlights some of the significant issues confronting men and boys in relation to the social construction of masculinity and the links with body image concerns and eating disorders. Although the paper is not grounded in practitioner based information, it does seek to arouse awareness in those working in this emerging field of study.

Download Full-text

A REVIEW OF BODY-IMAGE STUDIES IN ANOREXIA NERVOSA AND BULIMIA NERVOSA

Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimic Disorders ◽

10.1016/b978-0-08-032704-4.50030-9 ◽

1986 ◽

pp. 255-265 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

PETER SLADE

Keyword(s):

Body Image ◽

Anorexia Nervosa ◽

Bulimia Nervosa

Download Full-text

Körperbezogenes Vermeidungsverhalten: Validierung des deutschsprachigen Body Image Avoidance Questionnaire (BIAQ) an Jugendlichen mit Anorexia und Bulimia Nervosa sowie einer gesunden Kontrollgruppe

PPmP - Psychotherapie · Psychosomatik · Medizinische Psychologie ◽

10.1055/s-0043-116848 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 68 (03/04) ◽

pp. 126-136 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Beate Steinfeld ◽

Manuel Waldorf ◽

Anika Bauer ◽

Thomas Huber ◽

Karsten Braks ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Image ◽

Anorexia Nervosa ◽

Bulimia Nervosa ◽

Konfirmatorische Faktorenanalyse ◽

Deutschsprachige Version ◽

Body Image Avoidance

ZusammenfassungKörperbezogenes Vermeidungsverhalten wird als behaviorale Manifestation einer Körperbildstörung konzeptualisiert und beschreibt Anstrengungen, der Auseinandersetzung mit dem eigenen Körper aus dem Wege zu gehen. Während Studien Hinweise darauf liefern, dass körperbezogenes Vermeidungsverhalten im Erwachsenenalter zur Entstehung und Aufrechterhaltung von Essstörungen beiträgt, existieren bisher keine entsprechenden Befunde für das Jugendalter. Der Body Image Avoidance Questionnaire (BIAQ) ist der international am weitesten verbreitete Fragebogen zur Messung des körperbezogenen Vermeidungsverhaltens. Da seine deutschsprachige Version bisher nur an einer Stichprobe aus Erwachsenen validiert wurde, ist das Ziel der vorliegenden Studie, den Fragebogen an Jugendlichen mit Essstörungen teststatistisch zu überprüfen. Insgesamt N=127 weibliche Jugendliche, davon n=57 mit einer Anorexia Nervosa und n=24 mit einer Bulimia Nervosa (BN) sowie n=46 gesunde weibliche Jugendliche beantworteten den BIAQ und verschiedene Instrumente zur Erfassung der Körperbild- und Essstörungssymptomatik. Die für die englischsprachige Originalversion angenommene Faktorenstruktur von dem Faktor höherer Ordnung „Körperbezogenes Vermeidungsverhalten“ und den 4 Subfaktoren „Kleidung“, „Soziale Aktivitäten“, „Gezügeltes Essverhalten“ sowie „Pflegen und Wiegen“ konnte durch eine konfirmatorische Faktorenanalyse bestätigt werden. Mit Ausnahme der Skala „Pflegen und Wiegen“ weisen alle Skalen eine überwiegend akzeptable interne Konsistenz, Test-Retest-Reliabilität, differenzielle Validität sowie Konstruktvalidität auf. Aufgrund ihrer befriedigenden psychometrischen Kennwerte ist der Einsatz der BIAQ-Skalen „Kleidung“, „Soziale Aktivitäten“ und „Gezügeltes Essverhalten“ auch für das Jugendalter in Forschung und Praxis zu empfehlen.

Download Full-text

Preocupação e insatisfação com o corpo, checagem e evitação corporal em pessoas com transtornos alimentares

Paidéia (Ribeirão Preto) ◽

10.1590/s0103-863x2012000300009 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 22 (53) ◽

pp. 375-381 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Angela Nogueira Neves Betanho Campana ◽

Maria da Consolação Gomes Cunha Fernandes Tavares ◽

Celso Garcia Júnior

Keyword(s):

Body Image ◽

Anorexia Nervosa ◽

Bulimia Nervosa ◽

Body Shape ◽

Body Checking ◽

Body Image Avoidance

Este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar aspectos da imagem corporal em uma amostra de pessoas com anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa e transtorno alimentar não-especificado. A amostra foi composta por 14 voluntárias atendidas pelo Ambulatório de Transtornos Alimentares da Universidade Estadual de Campinas. O Software de Avaliação Perceptiva foi utilizado para avaliar a insatisfação com o corpo. A preocupação com o corpo, checagem e evitação corporal foram avaliadas pelo Body Shape Questionnaire, Body Checking Questionnaire e Body Image Avoidance Questionnaire, respectivamente. A análise descritiva e as correlações entre as medidas mostraram elevados níveis de insatisfação, checagem, evitação e preocupação com o corpo, com associações significantes. Estes achados evidenciaram a importância dos parâmetros investigados na dinâmica dos transtornos alimentares. Conhecer esses componentes da imagem corporal favorece a ampliação das possibilidades de melhor compreender como se organiza a representação mental do corpo dessas pacientes e planejar mais cuidadosamente as intervenções no decurso do tratamento.

Download Full-text