Trichloroethylene Hydrodechlorination in Water Using Formic Acid as Hydrogen Source: Selection of Catalyst and Operation Conditions

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 1217-1222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Díaz ◽  
Alexander McCall ◽  
Laura Faba ◽  
Herminio Sastre ◽  
Salvador Ordóñez
Keyword(s):  
Formic Acid ◽  
Source Selection ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Selection Of

Evidence for a single mechanism gating perceptual and long-term memory information into working memory

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam Verschooren ◽  
Yoav Kessler ◽  
Tobias Egner
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Source Selection ◽  
Single Mechanism ◽  
Gating Mechanism ◽  
Opening And Closing ◽  
Selection Of

An influential view of working memory (WM) holds that its’ contents are controlled by a selective gating mechanism that allows for relevant perceptual information to enter WM when opened, but shields WM contents from interference when closed. In support of this idea, prior studies using the reference-back paradigm have established behavioral costs for opening and closing the gate between perception and WM. WM also frequently requires input from long-term memory (LTM), but it is currently unknown whether a similar gate controls the selection of LTM representations into WM, and how WM gating of perceptual vs. LTM sources of information relate to each other. To address these key theoretical questions, we devised a novel version of the reference-back paradigm, where participants switched between gating perceptual and LTM information into WM. We observed clear evidence for gate opening and closing costs in both cases. Moreover, the pattern of costs associated with gating and source-switching indicated that perceptual and LTM information is gated into WM via a single gate, and rely on a shared source-selection mechanism. These findings extend current models of WM gating to encompass LTM information, and outline a new functional WM architecture.

Above Ground Bioremediation: Two Stage Strategy for the Selection of Optimum Operation Conditions

1995 ◽  
pp. 1219-1220
Author(s):  
I. Gorostiza ◽  
M. Zallo ◽  
A. I. San Vicente ◽  
E. Quintana ◽  
I. Muguruza
Keyword(s):  
Two Stage ◽  
Optimum Operation ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Selection Of

A LCA/LCC Optimized Selection of Power Plant System With Additional Facilities Options

2002 ◽  
Vol 124 (4) ◽  
pp. 290-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anugerah Widiyanto ◽  
Seizo Kato ◽  
Naoki Maruyama
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Environmental Load ◽  
Source Selection ◽  
Social Environmental ◽  
Power Generation Systems ◽  
Selection Of

In the past, the selection of an energy resource for electricity generation was dominated by finding the least expensive power generating plant. Although such an approach is essential, there is growing concern about other aspects of power generation such as social, environmental and technological benefits and consequences of the energy source selection. The aims of this paper are first to introduce a life cycle assessment (LCA) scheme with the aid of the NETS (Numerical Eco-load Total Standardization) method that we have newly proposed. This method provides a numerical measure for evaluating the quantitative load of any industrial activity on the environment, and has been used to analyze the energy flow and the environmental loads of various power generation systems. A second goal is to develop a computer program to examine the applicability of technology options based on cost performance and environmental load reduction. A final goal of this work is to select the power system using life cycle assessment (LCA) and life cycle costing (LCC). As a result, environmental load and economical cost for various power generation systems are discussed from the LCA point of view for further ecological improvement.

MODELING OF PUMP OPERATION CONDITIONS IN GRAVITY-PRESSURE COMBINED SYSTEMS

2017 ◽  
Vol 168 (48) ◽  
pp. 35-44
Author(s):  
Ireneusz Nowogoński ◽  
Ewa Ogiołda ◽  
Marlena Kubiszyn
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Dynamical Analysis ◽  
Active Volume ◽  
Pump Operation ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Pump Station ◽  
Pumping Stations ◽  
Pump Stations ◽  
Systems Simulation ◽  
Selection Of

The paper presents the problem of working conditions in gravitationalpressure systems simulation. The practical example takes into account the dynamical analysis of a system equipped with 10 pump stations with different functions. Both local press stations, local stations for shallowing network and transit pumping stations between the towns were used. The model allowed to optimize the active volume of the pump station tanks, the selection of pumps, including the frequency of power on and the time of holding the sewage.

Microcrystalline Cellulose as Graphite Exfoliation Agent and its Effect on Electrical Conductivity

2021 ◽  
Vol 317 ◽  
pp. 144-151
Author(s):  
Amirul Hadi Azmi ◽  
Shaharin Fadzli Abd Rahman ◽  
Mastura Shafinaz Zainal Abidin
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Microcrystalline Cellulose ◽  
Cellulose Solution ◽  
Conductive Ink ◽  
Paper Sample ◽  
Source Selection ◽  
Few Layer Graphene ◽  
Ink Formulation ◽  
Selection Of

Graphene has drawn a lot of attention as a promising material for a conductive ink due to its high electrical conductivity and abundant source. Selection of solvent for ink formulation is crucial to obtain the desired result. In this work, microcrystal cellulose solution is investigated as alternative solvent for conductive ink formulation. Although the viability of the microcrystal cellulose solution was already presented in other works, further thorough and systematic study is highly required. Cellulose solution was prepared using microcrystalline cellulose and sodium hydroxide aqueous solution. Dispersions with different graphite-to-cellulose ratio were prepared. The exfoliation process was for sonication times of 8, 16, 24 and 32 hours. For Raman spectroscopy and 4-point probe measurement, graphene thin film was formed by drop-casting 20μl dispersion on glossy paper. Sample with low graphite-to-cellulose ratio exhibited more significant reduction in unexfoliated graphite content over the sonication time. The sufficient amount of cellulose in the dispersion leads to more effective exfoliation process. According to analysis on the Raman spectra, the exfoliated graphite could be classified as few-layer graphene with low defect content. The drop-casted thin film from dispersion with ratio of 20:1 showed sheet resistance lesser than 100 Ω/sq. The obtained results confirmed the effectiveness of microcrystal cellulose as the agent for exfoliation process.

scholarly journals Bacterial Synergism or Antagonism in a Gel Cassette System

2003 ◽  
Vol 69 (12) ◽  
pp. 7204-7209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eirini Tsigarida ◽  
Ioannis S. Boziaris ◽  
George-John E. Nychas
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
End Products ◽  
Brochothrix Thermosphacta ◽  
Bacterial Synergism ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACT The growth and the metabolic activity of Shewanella putrfaciens, Brochothrix thermosphacta, and Pseudomonas sp., when cultured individually or in all possible combinations in gel cassettes system supplemented with 0.1% glucose at 5°C, were investigated. The overall outcome was that the coexistence of the above-mentioned microorganisms affected not only each growth rate but also their type of metabolic end products compared to the control cultures. These effects were varied and depended on the selection of the combination of the tested bacteria. For example, the growth of Pseudomonas sp. strains cocultured with either B. thermosphacta or S. putrefaciens strains resulted in different effects: a promoting one for the first and an inhibitory one for the second. Moreover, the production of formic acid and two unidentified organic acids (peaks a and b) was characteristic in all cases in which S. putrefaciens was cultured.

scholarly journals Optimal Hierarchical Decision-Making for Heat Source Selection of District Heating Systems

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Fang Fang ◽  
Nan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Heat Source ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Heating System ◽  
District Heating System ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
Source Selection ◽  
District Heating Systems ◽  
Comprehensive Benefit ◽  
Selection Of

With the rapid development of China’s urbanization, the proportion between the heating consumption and the energy consumption of the whole society keeps rising in recent years. For a district heating system, the selection of the heat source makes significant impact on the energy efficiency and the pollutant emissions. By integrating the methods of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluation (PROMETHEE), a multiple-attribute decision-making scheme for the heat source selection of district heating systems is proposed in this paper. As a core part of this scheme, a comprehensive benefit index with hierarchical parallel structure is constructed. The economic benefit, environment benefit, and technical benefit can be reflected with a certain percentage in the comprehensive benefit index. To test the efficiency of the proposed scheme, a case study for a large-scale district heating system in Beijing is carried out, where five kinds of heat sources (water source heat pump, ground source heat pump, gas-fired boiler, coal-fired boiler, and oil-fired boiler) are taken into account. The analysis and instructions for the final sorting result are also demonstrated.

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