Associations of loneliness with poor physical health, poor mental health and health risk behaviours among a nationally representative community dwelling sample of middle‐aged and older adults in India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Supa Pengpid ◽  
Karl Peltzer
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Risk Behaviours ◽  
Poor Physical Health ◽  
Health Risk Behaviours ◽  
Nationally Representative

scholarly journals Perceived discrimination and health outcomes among middle-aged and older adults in India: results of a national survey in 2017–2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Supa Pengpid ◽  
Karl Peltzer
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Perceived Discrimination ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Risk Behaviours ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Poor Physical Health ◽  
Health Risk Behaviours

Abstract Background The study aimed to estimate the associations between perceived discrimination and poor physical health, poor mental health, and health risk behaviours in middle-aged and older adults in a national population survey in India. Methods The sample included 72,262 middle-aged and older adults from a cross-sectional national community dwelling survey in India in 2017–2018. Results The prevalence of moderate (1–2 types) perceived discrimination was 10.7%, and high (3–6 types) perceived discrimination was 6.6%. In the final adjusted logistic, linear or Poisson regression analyses, moderate and/or high perceived discrimination was significantly positively associated with poor mental health (low life satisfaction, poor cognitive functioning, insomnia symptoms, and depressive symptoms), poor physical health (pain conditions count, and functional limitations), and health risk behaviours (heavy episodic drinking and physical inactivity). Conclusion Perceived discrimination is associated with poor mental health, poor physical health, and health risk behaviour, emphasising the need to consider perceived discrimination in various physical and mental health contexts.

scholarly journals Trajectories of Health Changes in Older Adults with Chronic Hepatitis B Infection

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 905-905
Author(s):  
I-Chien Wu ◽  
Chang-Hua Chen ◽  
Yu-Wen Yang ◽  
Yen-Tze Liu ◽  
Yen-Feng Chiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Older Adulthood ◽  
Poor Physical Health ◽  
Health Changes

Abstract Despite the increasing burden of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) in aging populations, little is known about the course of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) changes during older adulthood in CHB patients. We aimed to assess individual-level longitudinal HRQoL changes in older patients with CHB and to examine their correlates. A 5-year prospective cohort study was conducted in 503 hepatitis B surface antigen-positive community-dwelling adults aged 55 years or older. Participants underwent comprehensive assessments at baseline and serial measurement of HRQoL using the short-form (12) health survey version 2. Of these participants, 82.7% remained in good physical health throughout the study period, whereas 9.1% had declining physical health and 8.2% were in poor physical health. We likewise identified three trajectories of mental health changes (“good mental health” [86.9%], “declining mental health” [6.8%], and “poor mental health” [6.4%]). Three baseline characteristics were independently associated with a lower likelihood of remaining physically or mentally healthy during older adulthood: sarcopenic obesity (odds ratio [OR] with 95% confidence interval [95% CI] of 7.5[2.8-20.5] for poor physical health, 3.1 [1.1-8.4] for declining physical health, 4.3 [1.4-13.0] for poor mental health), higher number of metabolic abnormalities (OR [95% CI] of 3.6 [1.6-8.0] for poor physical health) and depressed mood (OR [95% CI] of 21.7 [5.8-81.0] for poor physical health, 5.3 [1.4-19.9] for declining physical health, 83.1 [19.7-350.2] for poor mental health, 13.6 [2.9-64.8] for declining mental health). In conclusion, we demonstrated the heterogeneity and nonlinearity of HRQoL changes and their associations with variations in specific extrahepatic organs/systems.

scholarly journals The Associations between Health Risk Behaviours and Suicidal Ideation and Attempts in a Nationally Representative Sample of Young Adolescents

2007 ◽  
Vol 52 (10) ◽  
pp. 666-674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracie O Afifi ◽  
Brian J Cox ◽  
Laurence Y Katz
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Risk Behaviours ◽  
Young Adolescents ◽  
Adolescent Boys ◽  
Health Risk Behaviours ◽  
Nationally Representative

Objective: To examine associations between health risk behaviours and suicidal ideation and attempts in Canadian adolescents aged 12 to 13 years. Young adolescents think about and attempt suicide. However, most existing research on suicide has been conducted on individuals aged 15 years and older. Method: The present study examined a nationally representative Canadian sample of adolescents aged 12 to 13 years ( n = 2090). Health risk behaviours included disruptive (shoplifting, physical fighting, damaging property, fighting with a weapon, carrying a knife, and gambling), sexual (petting below the waist and sexual intercourse), and substance use behaviours (smoking cigarettes, consuming alcohol, marijuana or hash, and glue or solvents). Unadjusted and adjusted (for all significant health risk behaviour and psychiatric symptoms) models were tested. Results: All health risk behaviours were common among male and female adolescents. In unadjusted models, almost all health risk behaviours were associated with suicidal ideation and attempts among adolescent boys. In adjusted models, only damaging property, sexual intercourse, and smoking cigarettes remained statistically associated with suicidal ideation, while smoking cigarettes and using marijuana or hash remained statistically associated with suicide attempts among adolescent boys. All health risk behaviours were statistically associated with suicidal ideation and attempts among female adolescents in unadjusted models. In adjusted models, only carrying a knife remained statistically associated with suicidal ideation, while shoplifting and gambling remained statistically associated with suicide attempts among adolescent girls. Conclusions: Health risk behaviours among young adolescents are associated with suicidal ideation and attempts among young adolescents. Recognizing health risk behaviours among young adolescents may be one means of understanding who among them is at increased risk of suicidality.

Physical Health Risk Behaviours in Young People with Mental Illness

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (10) ◽  
pp. 781-790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea McCloughen ◽  
Kim Foster ◽  
Nikka Marabong ◽  
David Miu ◽  
Judith Fethney
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Young People ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Risk Behaviours ◽  
People With Mental Illness ◽  
Health Risk Behaviours

The glass is not half empty: optimism, pessimism, and health among older adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael D. Barnett ◽  
Ellen A. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Life Orientation Test ◽  
Health And Well Being

ABSTRACTObjectives:Optimism and pessimism are distinct constructs that have demonstrated independent relationships with aspects of health and well-being. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether optimism or pessimism is more closely linked with physical and mental health among older adults.Design:Cross-sectional survey.Participants:Community-dwelling older adults (N = 272) ages 59–95 in the southern United States.Measurements:The Life Orientation Test—Revised and the Short Form 8.Results:At the bivariate level, optimism was associated with higher physical health and mental health, while pessimism was associated with lower physical health and mental health. Multiple-regression analyses as well as comparison of correlation coefficients found that pessimism was more closely associated with physical health and mental health than optimism.Conclusions:These results add to the literature suggesting that, in terms of older adults’ health and well-being, avoiding pessimism may be more important than being optimistic.

The relationship between attitudes to aging and physical and mental health in older adults

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 1674-1683 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Bryant ◽  
Bei Bei ◽  
Kim Gilson ◽  
Angela Komiti ◽  
Henry Jackson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Successful Aging ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Satisfaction With Life Scale ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Negative Stereotypes ◽  
Positive Attitudes

ABSTRACTBackground: Attitudes are known to exert a powerful influence on a range of behaviors. The objective of this study was to investigate the contribution of attitudes toward one's own aging to satisfaction with life and physical and mental health measured in a sample of community-dwelling older adults.Methods: Adults who were part of a larger study of health and well-being in rural and regional Australia aged ≥60 years (N = 421) completed a cross-sectional postal survey comprising the Attitudes to Aging Questionnaire, the 12-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12), the Satisfaction with Life Scale, the Geriatric Anxiety Inventory, and the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale.Results: Overall, attitudes to aging were positive in this sample. More positive attitudes to aging were associated with higher levels of satisfaction with life, better self-report physical and mental health on the SF-12, and lower levels of anxiety and depression, after controlling for confounding variables. Better financial status and being employed were both associated with more positive attitudes to aging and better self-reported physical health. Relationship status was also significantly associated with mental health and satisfaction with life, but not physical health.Conclusion: The promotion of successful aging is increasingly becoming important in aging societies. Having positive attitudes to aging may contribute to healthier mental and physical outcomes in older adults. Overcoming negative stereotypes of aging through change at the societal and individual level may help to promote more successful aging.

scholarly journals Health risk behaviours among people with severe mental ill health during the COVID-19 pandemic: Analysis of linked cohort data

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. e0258349
Author(s):  
Emily Peckham ◽  
Victoria Allgar ◽  
Suzanne Crosland ◽  
Paul Heron ◽  
Gordon Johnston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Risk ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Health Inequalities ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Drinking Patterns ◽  
Risk Behaviours ◽  
Health Risk Behaviours ◽  
Severe Mental Ill Health ◽  
Lack Of Exercise ◽  
Data Linkages

Background People with severe mental ill health (SMI) experience a mortality gap of 15–20 years. COVID-19 has amplified population health inequalities, and there is concern that people with SMI will be disproportionately affected. Understanding how health risk behaviours have changed during the pandemic is important when developing strategies to mitigate future increases in health inequalities. Methods We sampled from an existing cohort of people with SMI. Researchers contacted participants by phone or post to invite them to take part in a survey about how the pandemic had affected them. We asked people about their health risk behaviours and how these had changed during the pandemic. We created an index of changed behaviours, comprising dietary factors, smoking, lack of exercise, and drinking patterns. By creating data linkages, we compared their responses during pandemic restrictions to responses they gave prior to the pandemic. Outcomes 367 people provided health risk data. The mean age of the participants was 50.5 (range = 20 to 86, SD ± 15.69) with 51.0% male and 77.4% white British. 47.5% of participants reported taking less physical activity during the pandemic and of those who smoke 54.5% reported smoking more heavily. Self-reported deterioration in physical health was significantly associated with an increase in health risk behaviours (adjusted OR for physical health 1.59, 95%CI 1.22–2.07; adjusted OR for Age 0.99, 95%CI 0.98–1.00). Interpretation COVID-19 is likely to amplify health inequalities for people with SMI. Health services should target health risk behaviours for people with SMI to mitigate the immediate and long lasting impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic.

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