Components of recognition memory: Dissociable cognitive processes or just differences in representational complexity?

Hippocampus ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 1245-1262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosemary A. Cowell ◽  
Timothy J. Bussey ◽  
Lisa M. Saksida
Keyword(s):  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Cognitive Processes

scholarly journals Physiological synaptic activity and recognition memory are fueled by astroglial glutamine

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giselle Cheung ◽  
Danijela Bataveljic ◽  
Naresh Kumar ◽  
Julien Moulard ◽  
Glenn Dallérac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Brain Function ◽  
Synaptic Activity ◽  
Live Cells ◽  
Visual Evidence ◽  
Object Recognition Memory ◽  
Functional Relevance ◽  
Activity Dependent

AbstractPresynaptic glutamate replenishment is fundamental to brain function. In high activity regimes, such as epileptic episodes, this process is thought to rely on the glutamate-glutamine cycle between neurons and astrocytes. However the presence of an astroglial glutamine supply, as well as its functional relevance in vivo in the healthy brain remain controversial, partly due to a lack of tools that can directly examine glutamine transfer. Here, we generated a novel fluorescent probe that tracks glutamine in live cells, which provided direct visual evidence of an activity-dependent glutamine supply from astroglial networks to presynaptic structures under physiological conditions. This mobilization is mediated by connexin43, an astroglial protein with both gap-junction and hemichannel functions, and is essential for synaptic transmission and object recognition memory. Our findings uncover an indispensable recruitment of astroglial glutamine in physiological synaptic activity and memory via an unconventional pathway, thus providing an astrocyte basis for cognitive processes.

Deity Representation: A Prototype Approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 258-286
Author(s):  
Ross W. May ◽  
Frank D. Fincham
Keyword(s):  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Central Feature ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Prototype Structure ◽  
Choice Latency ◽  
Feature Centrality ◽  
Feature Frequency

This research systematically evaluates via prototype analysis how conceptualizations of Western adult's monotheistic God are structured. Over 4 studies, using U.S. student and community samples of predominantly Christians, features of God are identified, feature centrality is documented, and centrality influence on cognition is evaluated. Studies 1 and 2 produced considerable overlap in feature frequency and centrality ratings across the samples, with “God is love” being the most frequently listed central feature. In Studies 3 (choice latency) and 4 (recall and recognition memory), the centrality of features influenced cognitive processes: central features were more quickly identified as features of God than peripheral features; were correctly recognized more often; and central features were correctly recalled more often than peripheral features. Results indicated that participants meaningfully judged centrality and that centrality affected cognition. Thus, the two criteria necessary for demonstrating deity representations adhere to a prototype structure were met. Implications and future directions are discussed.

scholarly journals Repetition Attenuates the Influence of Recency on Recognition Memory: Behavioral and Electrophysiological Evidence

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
John E. Scofield ◽  
Mason H. Price ◽  
Angélica Flores ◽  
Edgar C. Merkle ◽  
Jeffrey D. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Recognition Task ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Neural Signals ◽  
Serial Search ◽  
The Past ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACTStudies of recognition memory often demonstrate a recency effect on behavioral performance, whereby response times (RTs) are faster for stimuli that were previously presented recently as opposed to more remotely in the past. This relationship between performance and presentation lag has been taken to reflect that memories are accessed by serially searching backwards in time, such that RT indicates the self-terminating moment of such a process. Here, we investigated the conditions under which this serial search gives way to more efficient means of retrieving memories. Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded during a continuous recognition task in which subjects made binary old/new judgments to stimuli that were each presented up to four times across a range of lags. Stimulus repetition and shorter presentation lag both gave rise to speeded RTs, consistent with previous findings, and we novelly extend these effects to a robust latency measure of the left parietal ERP effect associated with retrieval success. Importantly, the relationship between repetition and recency was further elucidated, such that repetition attenuated lag-related differences that were initially present in both the behavioral and neural latency data. These findings are consistent with the idea that a serial search through recent memory can quickly be abandoned in favor of relying on more efficient ‘time-independent’ cognitive processes or neural signals.

Recognition Memory, Familiarity, and Déjà vu Experiences

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 353-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne M. Cleary
Keyword(s):  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Scientific Investigation ◽  
Human Recognition ◽  
Deja Vu ◽  
Déjà Vu

Déjà vu occurs when one feels as though a situation is familiar, despite evidence that the situation could not have been experienced before. Until recently, the topic of déjà vu remained largely outside of the realm of mainstream scientific investigation. However, interest in investigating the nature of déjà vu is growing among researchers of cognitive processes. In some cases, déjà vu may be understood within the context of research on human recognition memory. Specifically, déjà vu may sometimes result from familiarity-based recognition, or recognition that is based on feelings of familiarity that occur without identification of their source.

scholarly journals Unexpected false feelings of familiarity about faces are associated with increased pupil dilations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsten Ziman ◽  
Jeremy R. Manning
Keyword(s):  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Pupil Size ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Pupil Dilation ◽  
Attention And Memory ◽  
Face Images ◽  
Outdoor Scenes ◽  
Hormonal Release

AbstractOur subjective sense that something we encounter is familiar to us is reflected by changes in pupil size. Although pupil dilation effects of familiarity have been well documented, familiarity is not the only, or even the strongest, contributing factor to pupil dilation. Changes in pupil dilation also reflect changes in brightness, affective or emotional responses, hormonal release, expected value or utility, and surprise, among others. Because many factors can affect pupil dilation, important questions remain about how pupil dilation changes reflect high-order cognitive processes, like attention and memory. For example, because surprise and familiarity are often difficult to fully distinguish (since new experiences can be surprising or unexpected), it can be difficult to tease apart pupil dilation effects of surprise versus familiarity. To better understand the effects of surprise and familiarity on pupil dilation, we examined pupil responses during a recognition memory task involving photographs of faces and outdoor scenes. When participants rated novel face images as “familiar,” we observed a robust pupil dilation response.

Elaborating the role of reflection and individual differences in the study of folk-economic beliefs

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Arceneaux
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
History Of ◽  
Economic Beliefs

AbstractIntuitions guide decision-making, and looking to the evolutionary history of humans illuminates why some behavioral responses are more intuitive than others. Yet a place remains for cognitive processes to second-guess intuitive responses – that is, to be reflective – and individual differences abound in automatic, intuitive processing as well.

How do memory modules differentially contribute to familiarity and recollection?

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olya Hakobyan ◽  
Sen Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Target Article ◽  
Memory Modules ◽  
Familiarity And Recollection ◽  
Memory Contents

Abstract We fully support dissociating the subjective experience from the memory contents in recognition memory, as Bastin et al. posit in the target article. However, having two generic memory modules with qualitatively different functions is not mandatory and is in fact inconsistent with experimental evidence. We propose that quantitative differences in the properties of the memory modules can account for the apparent dissociation of recollection and familiarity along anatomical lines.

A cognitive approach to cumulative technological culture is useful and necessary but only if it also applies to other species

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thibaud Gruber
Keyword(s):  
Social Learning ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Learning Processes ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Technological Culture ◽  
Social Learning Processes

Abstract The debate on cumulative technological culture (CTC) is dominated by social-learning discussions, at the expense of other cognitive processes, leading to flawed circular arguments. I welcome the authors' approach to decouple CTC from social-learning processes without minimizing their impact. Yet, this model will only be informative to understand the evolution of CTC if tested in other cultural species.

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