Human Recognition Using Joint Coordinate Images (JCIs) with Convolutional Neural Network

Human recognition with skeletal data has the advantage in detecting people without their face characteristic on image. However, the accuracy of recognition by this method is always low because it relies deeply on manual feature selection. We propose a novel human recognition method called Joint Coordinate Images (JCIs) with Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) based on the image generated from skeletal information tracked by KinectV1. In order to represent human physical skeletal characteristic, the coordinate values XYZ of human joint tracked by KinectV1 are firstly created in color image called Joint Coordinate Images (JCIs), in which the relative position of the pixels represents the skeletal structure characteristics of participants with shape in “大” structure. Secondly, a new convolution neural network classifier Lenet-5 model, which always performed well in image classification, was modified to be able to input our JCIs for human recognition. The experimental results show that human recognition using joint coordinate image and Lenet-5 network can reach the highest recognition accuracy of 90.00% on the G3D dataset, which demonstrates the feasibility to transform the skeletal coordinate information into color image for human recognition task and could be used as a complementary method to the well-known application of face recognition.

The courage to teach with compassion: Enriching classroom designs and practices to foster responsiveness to suffering

Recognizing the prevalence of suffering among management teachers and students, we raise the importance of compassion as central to the practice of management teaching. To aid in understanding how suffering and compassion arise in management teaching, we call upon a theoretical view of their rhizomatic structure, which conveys the widespread, complex, and largely unspoken spreading of suffering and corresponding need for compassion in the work of management teaching. To meet this suffering with compassion, we propose two clusters of practices central to teaching that lend themselves to helping management teachers see possibilities for more skillfully intertwining suffering and compassion. The first focuses on how management teachers can design the context for teaching in ways that make compassion more likely, focusing specifically on roles and networks. The second draws upon Honneth’s recognitional infrastructure to focus on how teachers can approach the relational practice of teaching with emphasis on enriching human recognition of suffering. We conclude with a caution about overly simplistic approaches and overly individualized views of compassion in the work of management teaching. We call for systemic approaches to action that will enrich our imaginations as we approach management teaching and its role in our collective responsiveness to suffering.

Rupture, Suture, Nietzsche: Impossible Intersubjectivity in Alien

The concept of suture has long been an important and controversial concept in investigations of the relationships between narrative, diegesis, character, and spectator. The dominant understanding of suture has paid more attention to its Lacanian derivation – and to the account given by Daniel Dayan – than to the work of Jean-Pierre Oudart which first introduced suture into Film Studies. This article, however, follows the recent work of George Butte, who argues that the way Oudart understands suture is very illuminating for the study of the complex forms of intersubjectivity that cinema so readily, and so richly, dramatises – famously (but by no means exclusively) by means of shot/reverse shot figures. It argues that certain key moments in Ridley Scott's Alien (1979) activate ideas of corporeality, desire, and intersubjectivity in ways that contribute to a wider thematic and figurative nexus at work in the film directed at the exploration of impossible intersubjectivities. The article also proposes that, via this nexus, the film offers an intriguing instantiation of Nietzsche's notion of the “human, all too human”, thereby demonstrating that there is much more in Nietzsche of relevance to Alien than the xenomorph's superhuman “will-to-power”. The android Ash's admiration for the alien's lack both of conscience and consciousness ironically indicates his own all-too-human recognition of the superfluity but inescapability of his own consciousness. The article concludes by drawing briefly on the work of Stanley Cavell on acknowledgment, proposing that much of the horror of Alien lies not only in how bodies are ruptured but in the fact that some subjectivities cannot even be sutured.

'Not Ready for Prime Time': Biometrics and Biopolitics in the (Un)Making of California’s Facial Recognition Ban

Facial recognition is one of the most contentious applications of artificial intelligence. In 2019, the US state of California passed The Body Camera Accountability Act (AB-1215), banning police from using facial recognition technology on body cameras for three years. This article traces the trajectory of AB-1215 as a social discourse from its first reading until it was signed into law through a close reading of legislative documents, industry reports, civil society releases, and media coverage. Specifically, we investigate why the ban, initially intended to be permanent, was reduced and identify the actors shaping the discourse surrounding the bill. While initial criticism of facial recognition from lawmakers and civil society emphasised its potential to exacerbate discrimination against minorities and people of colour, we find that these critics later shifted their justification for a ban on the low accuracy of the technology itself. This allowed proponents of using facial recognition, including manufacturers and police lobbies, to contend that the technology was not only more accurate than human recognition but could be improved in coming years – undercutting the need for a permanent ban. Drawing on our analysis, we conclude that opposition to algorithmic governance should be biopolitical rather than technology-centred to be effective.

Multimodal Human Recognition in Significantly Low Illumination Environment Using Modified EnlightenGAN

Human recognition in indoor environments occurs both during the day and at night. During the day, human recognition encounters performance degradation owing to a blur generated when a camera captures a person’s image. However, when images are captured at night with a camera, it is difficult to obtain perfect images of a person without light, and the input images are very noisy owing to the properties of camera sensors in low-illumination environments. Studies have been conducted in the past on face recognition in low-illumination environments; however, there is lack of research on face- and body-based human recognition in very low illumination environments. To solve these problems, this study proposes a modified enlighten generative adversarial network (modified EnlightenGAN) in which a very low illumination image is converted to a normal illumination image, and the matching scores of deep convolutional neural network (CNN) features of the face and body in the converted image are combined with a score-level fusion for recognition. The two types of databases used in this study are the Dongguk face and body database version 3 (DFB-DB3) and the ChokePoint open dataset. The results of the experiment conducted using the two databases show that the human verification accuracy (equal error rate (ERR)) and identification accuracy (rank 1 genuine acceptance rate (GAR)) of the proposed method were 7.291% and 92.67% for DFB-DB3 and 10.59% and 87.78% for the ChokePoint dataset, respectively. Accordingly, the performance of the proposed method was better than the previous methods.

Argumen Adanya Tuhan: Wacana Historis dan Estetis

Historically, humans are creatures who need God. Due to the limitations of human reason to reach the existence of God, humans perceive God in various images and different forms. Humans have built the argument for the existence of God with a historical and aesthetic approach. History proves human recognition of the existence of God as the Absolute, who creates and maintains nature and its contents. To get closer to God, humans build places of worship of God and even create God who is worshiped in the form of works of art.