Design and implement a new secure prototype structure of e-commerce system

<p><br />The huge development of internet technologies and the widespread of modern and advanced devices lead to an increase in the size and diversity of e-commerce system development. These developments lead to an increase in the number of people that navigate these sites asking for their services and products. Which leads to increased competition in this field. Moreover, the expansion in the size of currency traded makes transaction protection an essential issue in this field. Providing security for each online client especially for a huge number of clients at the same time, causing an overload on the system server. This problem may lead to server deadlock, especially at rush time, which reduce system performance. To solve security and performance problems, this research suggests a prototype design for agent software. This agent will play the role of broker between the clients and the electronic marketplace. This is done by providing security inside the client device and converting the client’s order into a special form which is called a record form to be sent to the commercial website. Experimental results showed that this method increase system performance in terms of page loading time, transaction processing and improves the utilization of system resources.</p>

Increased Circulating Levels of Galectin Proteins in Patients with Breast, Colon, and Lung Cancer

Galectins are proteins with high-affinity β-galactoside-binding sites that function in a variety of signaling pathways through interactions with glycoproteins. The known contributions of galectins-1, -3, -7, -8, and -9 to angiogenesis, metastasis, cell division, and evasion of immune destruction led us to investigate the circulating levels of these galectins in cancer patients. This study compares galectin concentrations by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) from each stage of breast, lung, and colon cancer. Galectins-1 and -7, which share a prototype structure, were found to have statistically significant increases in breast and lung cancer. Of the tandem-repeat galectins, galectin-8 showed no statistically significant change in these cancer types, but galectin-9 was increased in colon and lung cancer. Galectin-3 is the only chimera-type galectin and was increased in all stages of breast, colon, and lung cancer. In conclusion, there were significant differences in the galectin levels in patients with these cancers compared with healthy controls, and galectin levels did not significantly change from stage to stage. These findings suggest that further research on the roles of galectins early in disease pathogenesis may lead to novel indications for galectin inhibitors.

Dynamic similarity analysis for a piezo-electromechanical system

Most research about using piezoelectric stacks to suppress vibration of mechanical structures didn’t involve the similarity problem for the piezoelectric stacks. The goal of this paper is to investigate the dynamic similarity between a prototype piezo stack and a scaled up or down piezo stack, whilst discussing the feasibility of predicting the vibration of prototype structure which use the piezoelectric stacks for vibration control. To illustrate this problem concisely, a single-DOF system consists of a proof mass and a piezo stack shunted with a series RL circuit is considered. Firstly, the governing equation of such piezo-electromechanical system in frequency domain is derived. Next the dynamic similarity of prototype and model stack is analyzed by similitude theory. After that the scaling laws are derived. Finally, a numerical simulation and relative error analysis are given to demonstrate the scaling laws.

Cortical Transformation of Stimulus Space in Order to Linearize a Linearly Inseparable Task

The human brain is able to learn difficult categorization tasks, even ones that have linearly inseparable boundaries; however, it is currently unknown how it achieves this computational feat. We investigated this by training participants on an animal categorization task with a linearly inseparable prototype structure in a morph shape space. Participants underwent fMRI scans before and after 4 days of behavioral training. Widespread representational changes were found throughout the brain, including an untangling of the categories' neural patterns that made them more linearly separable after behavioral training. These neural changes were task dependent, as they were only observed while participants were performing the categorization task, not during passive viewing. Moreover, they were found to occur in frontal and parietal areas, rather than ventral temporal cortices, suggesting that they reflected attentional and decisional reweighting, rather than changes in object recognition templates. These results illustrate how the brain can flexibly transform neural representational space to solve computationally challenging tasks.

Investigation of Non-fully Similar Laws of Damage to an Arch Dam in Shaking Table Model Tests

In order to overcome the defect that the general shaking table test can’t clarify the scale relationship between the prototype structure and the scale model in the damaged area based on the fully similar laws, we derived a method that can analyze the relationship between the prototype structure and the scale model in the damaged area based on non-fully similar lows and verified it. We selected the appropriate material (the emulation concrete material, ECM), which has a good scale relationship with the prototype material in the elastic stage, the crack appearance stage, and crack propagation stage (damage stage). We proposed some similar ratios to reveal the similar relationship between the prototype structure and the scale model in the elastic stage, the crack appearance stage, and the crack propagation stage. Especially, we proposed two similar ratios: cr and hr (deduced by the fracture toughness similarity requirements and the fracture energy similarity requirements, respectively) which can well reflect the similar relationship between the prototype structure and the scale model in the damaged area. In order to verify these ratios, we compared the results of the prototype structure numerical simulation with those of the shaking table test of the scale model. The results show that hr has higher accuracy for predicting the relationship between the prototype structure and the scale model in the damaged area.

Doping by Design: Finding New n-type Dopable ABX4 Zintl Phases for Thermoelectrics

Doping remains a bottleneck in discovering novel functional materials for applications such as thermoelectrics (TE) and photovoltaics. The current computational approach to materials discovery is to identify candidates by predicting the functional properties of a pool of known materials, and hope that the candidates can be appropriately doped. What if we could "design" new materials that have the desired functionalities and doping properties? In this work, we use an approach, wherein we perform chemical replacements in a prototype structure, to realize doping by design. We hypothesize that the doping characteristics and functional performance of the prototype structure are translated to the new compounds created by chemical replacements. Discovery of new <i>n</i>-type Zintl phases is desirable for TE; however, <i>n</i>-type Zintl phases are a rarity. We demonstrate our doping design strategy by discovering 7 new, previously-unreported ABX₄ Zintl phases that adopt the prototypical KGaSb₄ structure. Among the new phases, we computationally confirm that NaAlSb₄, NaGaSb₄ and CsInSb₄ are <i>n</i>-type dopable and potentially exhibit high <i>n</i>-type TE performance, even exceeding that of KGaSb₄. Our structure prototyping approach offers a promising route to discover new materials with designed doping and functional properties.

Doping by Design: Finding New n-type Dopable ABX4 Zintl Phases for Thermoelectrics

Doping remains a bottleneck in discovering novel functional materials for applications such as thermoelectrics (TE) and photovoltaics. The current computational approach to materials discovery is to identify candidates by predicting the functional properties of a pool of known materials, and hope that the candidates can be appropriately doped. What if we could "design" new materials that have the desired functionalities and doping properties? In this work, we use an approach, wherein we perform chemical replacements in a prototype structure, to realize doping by design. We hypothesize that the doping characteristics and functional performance of the prototype structure are translated to the new compounds created by chemical replacements. Discovery of new <i>n</i>-type Zintl phases is desirable for TE; however, <i>n</i>-type Zintl phases are a rarity. We demonstrate our doping design strategy by discovering 7 new, previously-unreported ABX₄ Zintl phases that adopt the prototypical KGaSb₄ structure. Among the new phases, we computationally confirm that NaAlSb₄, NaGaSb₄ and CsInSb₄ are <i>n</i>-type dopable and potentially exhibit high <i>n</i>-type TE performance, even exceeding that of KGaSb₄. Our structure prototyping approach offers a promising route to discover new materials with designed doping and functional properties.

Cortical transformation of stimulus-space in order to linearize a linearly inseparable task

Author's final accepted version of paper accepted for publication in Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience. The human brain is able to learn difficult categorization tasks, even ones that have linearly inseparable boundaries; however, it is currently unknown how it achieves this computational feat. We investigated this by training participants on an animal categorization task with a linearly inseparable prototype structure in a morph shape space. Participants underwent fMRI scans before and after four days of behavioral training. Widespread representational changes were found throughout the brain, including an untangling of the categories' neural patterns that made them more linearly separable after behavioral training. These neural changes were task-dependent, as they were only observed while participants were performing the categorization task, not during passive viewing. Moreover, they were found to occur in frontal and parietal areas, rather than ventral temporal cortices, suggesting that they reflected attentional and decisional reweighting, rather than changes in object recognition templates. These results illustrate how the brain can flexibly transform neural representational space in order to solve computationally challenging tasks.