Clearcutting and pine planting effects on nutrient concentrations and export in two mixed use headwater streams: Upper Coastal Plain, Southeastern USA

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha C. Marchman ◽  
Masato Miwa ◽  
William B. Summer ◽  
Scott Terrell ◽  
David G. Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Headwater Streams ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Southeastern Usa ◽  
Mixed Use

SEASONAL RESPONSE OF NUTRIENT CONCENTRATIONS TO FLOW RATES IN LOWER COASTAL PLAIN WATERSHEDS

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Birgand ◽  
T. Appelboom ◽  
G. M. Chescheir ◽  
M. E. Lebo ◽  
R. W. Skaggs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Lower Coastal Plain

scholarly journals Distribution and Ecology of Campylobacters in Coastal Plain Streams (Georgia, United States of America)

2006 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 1395-1403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ethell Vereen ◽  
R. Richard Lowrance ◽  
Dana J. Cole ◽  
Erin K. Lipp
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Domestic Animal ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Mixed Use ◽  
Clinical Cases

ABSTRACT Campylobacter is the leading cause of bacterium-associated diarrhea in the United States and most developed countries. While this disease is considered a food-borne disease, many clinical cases cannot be linked to a food source. In rural and agrarian areas environmental transmission may be an important factor contributing to case loads. Here we investigated the waterborne prevalence of campylobacters in a mixed-use rural watershed in the coastal plain of southern Georgia (United States). Six sites representing various degrees of agricultural and human influence were surveyed biweekly to monthly for 1 year for the presence of culturable thermophilic campylobacters and other measures of water quality. Campylobacters were frequently present in agriculture- and sewage-impacted stretches of streams. The mean campylobacter counts and overall prevalence were highest downstream from a wastewater treatment plant that handled both human and poultry slaughterhouse waste (≤595 CFU ml−1; 100% positive); the concentrations were significantly higher than those for the four upstream sites (P < 0.05). The counts were significantly correlated with the number of fecal coliform bacteria, conductivity, pH, and concentrations of nutrients (NO3 −, PO4 3−, and NH3). Campylobacters were isolated more frequently and larger numbers were present during the summer months, similar to the occurrence of clinical cases of campylobacteriosis in this region. A multivariate model showed that the levels were significantly influenced by increasing precipitation, which also peaked in the summer. The results indicate that loading from both human and domestic animal waste may be high in the watershed studied during the summer months. Mixed-use watersheds supporting agriculture production, human populations, and wildlife may be at risk for contamination by campylobacters and may be an important route for human exposure.

Effects of intermittency and land use on the in-stream phosphorus and organic carbon uptake

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriele Weigelhofer ◽  
Matthias Pucher
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Dissolved Organic Carbon ◽  
Hyporheic Zone ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Headwater Streams ◽  
Phosphorus Release ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Agricultural Land Use ◽  
First Results

&lt;p&gt;Understanding the consequences of the interplay between land use and climate change is among the most pressing challenges of the 21&lt;sup&gt;st&lt;/sup&gt; century for river managers. Over the past decades, agricultural land use has altered nutrient concentrations and stoichiometric ratios in stream ecosystems, thereby affecting aquatic biogeochemical cycles and the coupling among carbon, phosphorus, and nitrogen. In addition, the frequency and duration of droughts has increased dramatically across Europe, causing perennial streams to shift to intermittency and changing the capacity of sediments for the uptake and storage of macronutrients.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Our study aims to understand the effects of drying and re-wetting on the uptake, storage, and release of phosphorus and organic carbon from the benthic and the hyporheic zone of headwater streams under the additional stressor of agricultural land use. In specific, we are interested in the potential coupling and decoupling of phosphorus and dissolved organic carbon cycling in autotrophic and heterotrophic benthic biofilms. We sampled headwater streams before, during, and after the dry period in 2018 and 2019 and performed laboratory experiments with artificial drying and re-wetting and additions of dissolved organic carbon. We measured nutrient uptake and release, microbial biomass, respiration, and the activity of extra-cellular enzymes. The first results show an increased phosphorus release from the sediments immediately after re-wetting, foolowed by a reduced uptake capacity. The uptake of DOC was correlated with phosphorus in autotrophic biofilms, but not in heterotrophic ones.&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals Potential for Using Sunn Hemp as a Source of Biomass and Nitrogen for the Piedmont and Coastal Plain Regions of the Southeastern USA

2007 ◽  
Vol 99 (6) ◽  
pp. 1448-1457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry H. Schomberg ◽  
Nicole L. Martini ◽  
Juan C. Diaz-Perez ◽  
Sharad C. Phatak ◽  
Kipling S. Balkcom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Southeastern Usa ◽  
Sunn Hemp

Weight and nutrient content of litter during secondary succession on well-drained uplands of the East Gulf Coastal Plain in Mississippi

1991 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 848-857 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. E. Hlnesley ◽  
L. E. Nelson ◽  
G. L. Switzer
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Secondary Succession ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Forest Litter ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Litter Production ◽  
Gulf Coastal Plain ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
Mature Stands

Production of forest litter was examined over 2 years in a chronosequence of stands representing four stages of secondary succession on well-drained uplands of the East Gulf Coastal Plain in Mississippi. Average age for these stands was from 22 to 207 years. Early succession was dominated by dense pine stands, whereas mature forests were about 75% hardwood. Litter mass was greatest early in succession, when productivity was highest, and decreased as stands matured. Foliage was approximately 70% of the litter throughout succession. The remaining 30% was mostly large woody material in young pine stands, but a heavy reproductive component in mature stands. Stands dominated by pines produced litter throughout the year, whereas hardwood stands were more cyclic. In young pine stands, the N and P content of litter was already 80–90% of the maximum value realized later in succession, whereas Ca and Mg accumulated in proportion to hardwood basal area. Nutrient concentrations in litter varied by season, component, and stage of succession. Foliar litter that fell in the spring and summer had higher N and P concentrations than that that fell in the fall. Seasonal patterns of litter production, as well as variations in nutrient concentration, made the monthly variation of nutrients returned to the forest floor less extreme than that of foliar litter fall weights.

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