Metabolic activation and drug-induced liver injury:in vitroapproaches for the safety risk assessment of new drugs

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 752-768 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. José Gómez-Lechón ◽  
Laia Tolosa ◽  
M. Teresa Donato
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Metabolic Activation ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Safety Risk

Drug-induced torsadogenic risk assessment using human iPS cell-derived cardiomyocytes

2018 ◽  
Vol 93 ◽  
pp. 170
Author(s):  
Daiju Yamazaki ◽  
Takashi Kitaguchi ◽  
Masakazu Ishimura ◽  
Tomohiko Taniguchi ◽  
Atsuhiro Yamanishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Ips Cell

The platelet P2Y12 receptor for adenosine diphosphate: congenital and drug-induced defects

Blood ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 117 (7) ◽  
pp. 2102-2112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Cattaneo
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Function ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Thrombus Formation ◽  
Adenosine Diphosphate ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
P2y12 Inhibitors ◽  
Major Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Platelet Receptor ◽  
Net Clinical Benefit

Abstract P2Y12, the Gi-coupled platelet receptor for adenosine diphosphate (ADP), plays a central role in platelet function. Patients with congenital P2Y12 defects display a mild to moderate bleeding diathesis, characterized by mucocutaneous bleedings and excessive post-surgical and post-traumatic blood loss. Defects of P2Y12 should be suspected when ADP, even at high concentrations (≥ 10μM), is unable to induce full, irreversible platelet aggregation. Tests that evaluate the degree of inhibition of adenylyl cyclase by ADP should be used to confirm the diagnosis. Drugs that inhibit P2Y12 are potent antithrombotic drugs, attesting the central role played by P2Y12 in platelet thrombus formation. Clopidogrel, the most widely used drug that inhibits P2Y12, is effective both in monotherapy and in combination with acetylsalicylic acid. The most important drawback of clopidogrel is its inability to inhibit adequately P2Y12-dependent platelet function in approximately one-third of patients who are therefore not protected from major cardiovascular events. New drugs, such as prasugrel and ticagrelor, which effectively inhibit P2Y12 in the majority of patients, proved to be more efficacious than clopdidogrel in preventing major cardiovascular events. Although they increase the incidence of major bleedings, the net clinical benefit is in favor of the new P2Y12 inhibitors.

Metabolic activation in drug-induced liver injury

2012 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis Leung ◽  
Amit S. Kalgutkar ◽  
R. Scott Obach
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Metabolic Activation ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Drug Induced Liver Injury

Safety risk assessment and early warning of chemical contamination in vegetable oil

Food Control ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 125 ◽  
pp. 107970
Author(s):  
Bing Niu ◽  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Guangya Zhou ◽  
Shuwen Zhang ◽  
Yunfeng Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Early Warning ◽  
Chemical Contamination ◽  
Safety Risk
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