Incorporating a structural extracellular matrix gradient into a porcine urinary bladder matrix ‐based hydrogel dermal scaffold

Central nervous system neurons often degenerate after trauma due to the inflammatory innate immune response to injury, which can lead to neuronal cell death, scarring, and permanently lost neurologic function. Extracellular matrix bioscaffolds, derived by decellularizing healthy tissues, have been widely used in both preclinical and clinical studies to promote positive tissue remodeling, including neurogenesis, in numerous tissues, with extracellular matrix from homologous tissues often inducing more positive responses. Extracellular matrix hydrogels are liquid at room temperature and enable minimally invasive extracellular matrix injections into central nervous system tissues, before gelation at 37℃. However, few studies have analyzed how extracellular matrix hydrogels influence primary central nervous system neuron survival and growth, and whether central nervous system and non-central nervous system extracellular matrix specificity is critical to neuronal responses. Urinary bladder extracellular matrix hydrogels increase both primary hippocampal neuron survival and neurite growth to similar or even greater extents, suggesting extracellular matrix from non-homologous tissue sources, such as urinary bladder matrix-extracellular matrix, may be a more economical and safer alternative to developing central nervous system extracellular matrices for central nervous system applications. Additionally, we show matrix-bound vesicles derived from urinary bladder extracellular matrix are endocytosed by hippocampal neurons and positively regulate primary hippocampal neuron neurite growth. Matrix-bound vesicles carry protein and RNA cargos, including noncoding RNAs and miRNAs that map to the human genome and are known to regulate cellular processes. Thus, urinary bladder matrix-bound vesicles provide natural and transfectable cargoes which offer new experimental tools and therapeutic applications to study and treat central nervous system neuron injury.

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Characterization of αGal(−) ECM Bioscaffolds: An Indication for Application in Tissue Engineering

ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference, Parts A and B ◽

10.1115/sbc2011-53601 ◽

2011 ◽

Author(s):

Rui Liang ◽

Matthew B. Fisher ◽

Guoguang Yang ◽

Christine Hall ◽

Savio L-Y. Woo

Keyword(s):

Tissue Engineering ◽

Extracellular Matrix ◽

Small Intestine ◽

Animal Models ◽

Urinary Bladder ◽

Biomechanical Properties ◽

Small Intestine Submucosa ◽

Urinary Bladder Matrix ◽

Porcine Small Intestine Submucosa

Extracellular matrix (ECM) bioscaffolds derived from animal sources, such as porcine small intestine submucosa (SIS) and urinary bladder matrix (UBM), have a successful history for application in clinical and/or experimental settings [1]. In our research center, we have demonstrated that the porcine SIS bioscaffolds could improve the morphological, biochemical, and biomechanical properties of healing ligaments and tendons in different animal models [2, 3].

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Evaluating the Effect of Tissue Selection on the Characteristics of Extracellular Matrix Hydrogels from Decellularized Porcine Bladders

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11135820 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (13) ◽

pp. 5820

Author(s):

Chen-Yu Kao ◽

Huynh-Quang-Dieu Nguyen ◽

Yu-Chuan Weng ◽

Yu-Han Hung ◽

Chun-Min Lo

Keyword(s):

Extracellular Matrix ◽

Urinary Bladder ◽

Mass Production ◽

Biochemical Composition ◽

In Vitro Studies ◽

Biochemical Effects ◽

Gelation Kinetics ◽

Urinary Bladder Matrix ◽

Potential Use

Porcine urinary bladder is one of the most used organs to fabricate extracellular matrix (ECM) hydrogel. Although there are two different ECM types inside a bladder, i.e., urinary bladder matrix (UBM) and a subtype ECM (sECM), most studies have only employed UBM for hydrogel fabrication, and overlooked the potential use of sECM. In another aspect, the delamination of UBM from bladders is a time-consuming process; consequently, the use of the whole bladder (WB) will likely increase production yield. Therefore, the objective of this study was to fabricate hydrogels from sECM and WB and compare them to UBM. The results indicated that different layers of the bladder shared almost the same biochemical composition. In terms of gelation kinetics, rheology and morphology, although hydrogels from UBM and sECM exhibited some discrepancies, those from UBM and WB interestingly possessed almost the same characteristics. In in vitro studies, all the hydrogels possessed nearly the same biochemical effects towards L929 viability and C2C12 differentiation. These results could preliminarily indicate that the use of sECM should no longer be ignored, and WB could be a promising substitution for UBM hydrogels, eliminating the need for time-consuming delamination processes, as well as increasing the possibility of mass production.

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Effect of Acellular Bovine Pericardium and Urinary Bladder Submucosa Matrixes in Reconstruction of Ventro-Lateral Hernias in Bucks; Molecular Evaluation

The Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Medicine ◽

10.30539/iraqijvm.v43i1.474 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 43 (1) ◽

pp. 67-74

Author(s):

Areeg K. M. Al-ebadi

Keyword(s):

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Treatment Group ◽

Urinary Bladder ◽

Bovine Pericardium ◽

Vascular Endothelial ◽

Fibroblast Growth ◽

Urinary Bladder Matrix ◽

Endothelial Growth Factor ◽

Molecular Evaluation

The present study aimed to estimate the efficiency of both a cellular bovine pericardium and bovine urinary bladder matrix sheets in the reconstruction of large ventro-lateral hernias in Iraqi bucks by using of molecular evaluation depending on real time-polymerase chain reaction technique to investigate the level of basic-fibroblast growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor genes during the healing process and reconstruction of the abdominal defects. Under sedation and local anesthesia, (6cm X 8cm size) of ventro-lateral hernias were induced in 24 of Iraqi bucks. The animals were divided randomly into two main equal groups. In bovine pericardium-treatment group, the hernias were treated with onlay implantation of bovine pericardium. While, the hernias in UBM-treatment group were treated with onlay implantation of urinary bladder matrix, 30 days post-inducing of hernias. The molecular evaluation along the period of following-up recorded a significant up-regulation of the level of basic-fibroblast growth factor gene specific for presence of fibroblasts, myofibroblasts and collagen deposition in urinary bladder matrix -treatment group in comparison to bovine pericardium -treatment group with significant difference even at the end of the study. While, a significant up regulation of the levels of angiogenesis classic gene vascular endothelial growth factor were recorded in the bucks of bovine pericardium -treatment group compared to urinary bladder matrix -treatment group. In conclusion; molecular detection of the level of growth factors in target tissue can be used as an important criterion.

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