Early diagnosis of breast cancer from exhaled breath by gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis: A prospective cohort study

Exhaled breath is a potential noninvasive matrix to give new information about metabolic effects of diets. In this pilot study, non-targeted analysis of exhaled breath volatile organic compounds (VOCs) was made by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GCxGC-MS) to explore compounds relating to whole grain (WG) diets. Nine healthy subjects participated in the dietary intervention with parallel crossover design, consisting of two high-fiber diets containing whole grain rye bread (WGR) or whole grain wheat bread (WGW) and 1-week control diets with refined wheat bread (WW) before both diet periods. Large interindividual differences were detected in the VOC composition. About 260 VOCs were detected from exhaled breath samples, in which 40 of the compounds were present in more than half of the samples. Various derivatives of benzoic acid and phenolic compounds, as well as some furanones existed in exhaled breath samples only after the WG diets, making them interesting compounds to study further.

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Detecting Pulmonary Oxygen Toxicity Using eNose Technology and Associations between Electronic Nose and Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry Data

Metabolites ◽

10.3390/metabo9120286 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 286

Author(s):

Thijs T. Wingelaar ◽

Paul Brinkman ◽

Rianne de Vries ◽

Pieter-Jan A.M. van Ooij ◽

Rigo Hoencamp ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Gas Chromatography ◽

Electronic Nose ◽

Oxygen Toxicity ◽

Partial Least Square ◽

Least Square ◽

Sensor Data ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Exhaled Breath ◽

Chromatography Mass Spectrometry

Exposure to oxygen under increased atmospheric pressures can induce pulmonary oxygen toxicity (POT). Exhaled breath analysis using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) has revealed that volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are associated with inflammation and lipoperoxidation after hyperbaric–hyperoxic exposure. Electronic nose (eNose) technology would be more suited for the detection of POT, since it is less time and resource consuming. However, it is unknown whether eNose technology can detect POT and whether eNose sensor data can be associated with VOCs of interest. In this randomized cross-over trial, the exhaled breath from divers who had made two dives of 1 h to 192.5 kPa (a depth of 9 m) with either 100% oxygen or compressed air was analyzed, at several time points, using GC–MS and eNose. We used a partial least square discriminant analysis, eNose discriminated oxygen and air dives at 30 min post dive with an area under the receiver operating characteristics curve of 79.9% (95%CI: 61.1–98.6; p = 0.003). A two-way orthogonal partial least square regression (O2PLS) model analysis revealed an R² of 0.50 between targeted VOCs obtained by GC–MS and eNose sensor data. The contribution of each sensor to the detection of targeted VOCs was also assessed using O2PLS. When all GC–MS fragments were included in the O2PLS model, this resulted in an R² of 0.08. Thus, eNose could detect POT 30 min post dive, and the correlation between targeted VOCs and eNose data could be assessed using O2PLS.

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Determination of semivolatile organic compounds in exhaled breath condensate by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

Journal of Analytical Chemistry ◽

10.1134/s1061934814140081 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 69 (14) ◽

pp. 1330-1336

Author(s):

A. A. Rodionov ◽

A. I. Revelsky ◽

I. A. Revelsky ◽

T. N. Anokhina ◽

E. Kh. Anaev

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Gas Chromatography ◽

Organic Compounds ◽

Exhaled Breath Condensate ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Semivolatile Organic Compounds ◽

Exhaled Breath ◽

Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Breath Condensate

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Diagnosis of COVID-19 by exhaled breath analysis using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

ERJ Open Research ◽

10.1183/23120541.00139-2021 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 00139-2021

Author(s):

Wadah Ibrahim ◽

Rebecca L. Cordell ◽

Michael J. Wilde ◽

Matthew Richardson ◽

Liesl Carr ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Gas Chromatography ◽

Area Under The Curve ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Exhaled Breath ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Clinical Probability ◽

Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Exhaled Breath Analysis

BackgroundThe ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has claimed over two and a half million lives worldwide so far. SARS-CoV-2 infection is perceived to be seasonally recurrent and a rapid non-invasive biomarker to accurately diagnose patients early-on in their disease course will be necessary to meet the operational demands for COVID-19 control in the coming years.ObjectiveTo evaluate the role of exhaled breath volatile biomarkers in identifying patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection, based on their underlying PCR status and clinical probability.MethodsA prospective, real-world, observational study recruiting adult patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection. Breath samples were collected using a standard breath collection bag, modified with appropriate filters to comply with local infection control recommendations and samples were analysed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (TD-GC-MS).Findings81 patients were recruited between April 29th to July 10th, 2020, of whom 52/81 (64%) tested positive for COVID-19 by RT-PCR. A regression analysis identified a set of seven exhaled breath features (benzaldehyde, 1-propanol, 3, 6-methylundecane, camphene, beta-cubebene, Iodobenzene, and an unidentified compound) that separated PCR positive patients with an area under the curve (AUC): 0.836, sensitivity: 68%, specificity: 85%.ConclusionsGC-MS detected exhaled breath biomarkers were able to identify PCR positive COVID-19 patients. External replication of these compounds is warranted to validate these results.

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